The book covers all aspects of endoscopic biopsies of the stomach inclusive of gastritis and gastropathies. It highlights the best way of handling of endoscopic biopsies in the endoscopic room by the gastroenterologist. It elucidates various steps involved in processing of the biopsy, tissue embedding and paraffin sectioning, approach to interpretation, various precautions that require to be taken while interpreting the biopsies, and the essential background knowledge of the interpreter. The book highlights the importance of the little things for a proper reading like matching of the tissue fragments received and the number of tissue present on a slide after the paraffin section.
Chapters cover various forms of gastritis, and the easiest approach for daily routine by avoiding the cumbersome classifications and staging formulated for gastritis. It also discusses the utilization of the right nomenclature for acute and chronic gastritis and various other subtypes of gastritis. Chapters include various rarer and infrequently come across conditions of both acute and chronic gastritis, special form of gastritis and infective conditions. It also includes unusual forms of non-neoplastic gastric pathologies such as, a condition, where the gastric mucosa is affected not only by direct exposure to various irritants but may also be affected by many systemic diseases. It also highlights the frequently observed changes in chronic renal and liver failures.
The book is targeted to all the practicing pathologists as well as graduate and post graduate students who are keen to learn about non-neoplastic gastric pathology at various levels.
Author(s): Kim Vaiphei
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2021
Language: English
Pages: 269
City: Cham
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
List of Abbreviations
1: General Principles of Endoscopic Gastric Biopsy and Specimen Handling
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Biopsy Sampling Techniques
1.3 Endoscopes
References
2: Endoscopic Features of Normal and Abnormal Gastric Mucosa
2.1 Normal Gastric Mucosa—Description of Endoscopy
2.2 Endoscopic Characterization of Mucosal Inflammation
2.3 Biopsy Forceps
2.4 Endoscopic Biopsy Techniques
2.5 Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
2.6 Handling of Endoscopic Biopsy
2.7 Communication Between Endoscopist and Pathologist
References
3: Normal Gastric Mucosa
References
4: Interpretation of Endoscopic Biopsy
References
5: Enterochromaffin-Like Cell and Associated Pathology
References
6: Demonstration of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and Other Related Organisms
References
7: Gastritis: Acute, Erosive, Haemorrhagic, Eosinophilic and Phlegmonous Types
7.1 Acute Gastritis
7.2 Acute Haemorrhagic Gastritis
7.3 Eosinophil Rich Acute Gastritis
7.4 Phlegmonous Gastritis or Acute Bacterial Gastritis
References
8: Chronic Gastritis: Infectious, Non-infectious (Autoimmune, Chemical, Granulomatous), Chronic Superficial and Diffuse Antral Gastritis
8.1 Chronic Gastritis May Be Infectious or Non-infectious [39–41, 53, 54]
8.2 Chronic Superficial Gastritis
8.3 Diffuse Antral Gastritis
References
9: Precancerous Lesions: Atrophic Gastritis, Intestinal Metaplasia, Natural Course of Chronic Gastritis and Associated Risk Factors
9.1 Atrophic Gastritis
9.2 Endoscopic Features of Atrophic Gastritis
9.3 Documentation of Histopathology Report
9.4 Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia
9.5 Natural Course of Chronic Gastritis
9.6 Risk Factors for Atrophic Gastritis and Intestinal Metaplasia
References
10: Gastric Epithelial Dysplasia: Grading, Significance in Endoscopic Biopsy, Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations
10.1 Significance of Diagnosing Dysplasia in Endoscopic Gastric Biopsy
10.2 Molecular Alterations in Gastric Mucosal Precancerous Lesions
10.3 Epigenetic Alterations
References
11: Controversies in the Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer
References
12: Handling of Endoscopic Resected Specimen: Indication for ESD and Grossing of ESD Specimen
12.1 Handling of ESD Sample
12.2 Molecular Factors Influencing Outcome of Intramucosal Gastric Carcinomas
References
13: Interpretation of Endoscopic Mucosal Biopsy for Gastric Carcinoma
13.1 Challenging Issues in Interpretation of Pre-neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions in Gastric Biopsies
13.2 Atypical Epithelium and Diagnosis of Frank Carcinoma
13.3 Newer Concepts for Early Mucosal Lesions
13.4 Foveolar Type Adenoma
13.5 Pyloric Gland—Pre-neoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions
13.6 Oxyntic (Parietal) Gland Adenoma/Adenocarcinoma
References
14: Gastric Carcinoma—Early and Advanced Carcinomas
14.1 Early and Advanced Gastric Carcinoma
References
15: Morphological Aspect of Gastric Carcinomas
15.1 Microscopic Features
15.2 Morphological Classification of Gastric Carcinoma
15.3 Histological Subtypes
15.4 Other Rare Gastric Carcinomas
References
16: Helicobacter pylori Negative Gastric Cancer
References
17: Primary Gastric Lymphoma: Pathobiology, MALT Lymphoma, Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma and Burkitt Lymphoma
17.1 Microscopic Description of Gastric MALT Lymphoma
References
18: Lymphocytic and Other Autoimmune-Related Gastritis
References
19: Uncommon Types of Gastritis and Gastropathies Including Anti-parietal Cell, GVHD, Reactive and Granulomatous Gastritis
19.1 Anti-parietal Cell Antibody Related Autoimmune Gastritis
19.2 Focally Enhanced Gastritis
19.3 Graft Versus Host Disease
19.4 Drugs and Chemical-Related Gastritis or Reactive Gastropathy
19.5 Granulomatous Gastritis
References
20: Gastric Polyps: Gastritis cystica profunda, Hyperplastic Gastropathies, Ménétrier’s Disease, Zollinger-Ellison (ZE) Syndrome
20.1 Gastritis cystica profunda
20.2 Hyperplastic Gastropathies
References
21: Peptic Ulcer, Gastric Ulcer and Gastropathy
21.1 Gastritis Versus Gastropathy
References
22: Gastric Mucosal Pathology in Kidney Disease
References
23: Gastric Microvasculature in Portal Hypertension
23.1 Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy
References
24: Paediatric Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease: H. pylori and Non-H. pylori-Related Conditions
24.1 Pathogenesis of HP Associated Peptic Ulcer Disease
24.2 Pathogenesis of Non-HP Peptic Ulcer Disease
References
25: Congenital Anomalies—Gastric Outlet Obstruction, Microgastria, Duplications and Gastroschisis
References
