This book defines 'nanowares' as the ideas and products arising out of nanotechnology. Koepsell argues that these rapidly developing new technologies demand a new approach to scientific discovery and innovation in our society. He takes established ideas from social philosophy and applies them to the nanoparticle world. In doing so he breaks down the subject into its elemental form and from there we are better able to understand how these elements fit into the construction of a more complex system of products, rules and regulations about these products.Where existing research in the field has tended to focus on potential social harm, Koepsell takes a different tack by looking at ways in which developments in distributed design and fabrication can be harnessed to enable wealth creation by those with good ideas but no access to capital. He argues that the key challenge facing us is the error implicit in current intellectual property regimes and presents new modes of relating inventors to artifacts in this new context. In conclusion he offers contractual models which he believes encourage innovation in nano-media by embracing open source and alternative means of protection for innovators.
Author(s): David Koepsell
Publisher: Bloomsbury USA Academic
Year: 2011
Language: English
Pages: 257
Tags: Специальные дисциплины;Наноматериалы и нанотехнологии;
Cover......Page 1
Contents......Page 6
Foreword......Page 8
Preface......Page 11
Acknowledgments......Page 14
Introduction......Page 16
From Feynman to Drexler......Page 39
Technology Makes a Tiny Difference......Page 42
Current Policy and Nanotech......Page 44
Intellectual Property: Unique Concerns of Nano......Page 46
Ethical, Policy, and Social Implications of Future Nanotech......Page 49
The Nano-now: What's Currently Happening in Micro-manufacturing and Nano......Page 51
An Outline for the Investigation......Page 54
2 Nano-futures......Page 56
Utopian Visionaries and Dystopian Doomsayers......Page 57
Special Problems of Manufacturing at the Nanoscale......Page 60
Nanotechnology Achievements: The Nano-now......Page 63
Nano-artifacts: Some New Philosophical Challenges......Page 66
Can an Idea be Other than Abstract?......Page 71
When Software and Hardware Merge......Page 74
3 The Nano-now......Page 80
A Bridge to the Future: The Trend of 'Micro-manufacturing'......Page 82
A New Industrial Revolution?......Page 85
Software and IP, a (Failed) Experiment in Inducing Scarcity?......Page 87
Alternatives to IP and Innovation in ICT......Page 90
Innovation and Growth: Profiting without Scarcity......Page 95
Capitalism without Capital......Page 98
4 Law and Ethics: Rules, Regulations, and Rights in Nanowares......Page 104
The Environment......Page 105
Safety: Ethical Duties in Case of Consent......Page 110
Security: Can and Should We Prevent Evil Uses of Nanotechnology?......Page 115
Security and Synthetic Biology: Precursor to Nanotech?......Page 117
The Path of Openness......Page 120
5 Things in Themselves: Redefining Intellectual Property in the Nano-age......Page 125
The Emergence of Intellectual Property......Page 126
Ideas versus Expressions......Page 128
Atoms for Bits: Pragmatic and Theoretical Challenges......Page 132
IP Challenges in Present and Future Nanowares......Page 134
Contract versus Monopoly......Page 137
Some Initial Requirements......Page 139
Empirical Work to be Done......Page 140
Rights to Expressions: History and Theory......Page 142
Nature, Creation, Artifact, and Invention......Page 144
Revising Our Relationships with Artifacts......Page 148
Creation and Dissemination of Types versus Goods......Page 150
Ethical Problems with Traditional IP......Page 153
Conclusion......Page 158
7 Economics, Surplus, and Justice......Page 164
Justice and Monopoly......Page 165
Ideas as Commons and Truly Free Markets......Page 170
The Scientific Commons and the Marketplace......Page 172
Justice and Law: Rejecting Positivism......Page 176
A Vacuum of Justice......Page 179
Progress and Justice: Embracing a Natural Basis for the Good......Page 182
Rights to Tokens and Exchanges of Types: Pragmatic and Theoretical Approaches to Markets without Scarcity......Page 183
Tiered pricing models......Page 185
8 Nanotech Nightmares......Page 191
Scientific Duties and Dangerous Technologies......Page 192
The Scientific Firewall......Page 193
The Bioethics Example......Page 195
Respect, Beneficence, and Justice......Page 197
Extending the Moral Horizon......Page 199
Smallpox, Ice-nine, and Nanowares......Page 202
The 'Eventual' Fallacy......Page 205
Implications for Institutions......Page 207
Does the Future Need Us?......Page 209
Nanowares: What Are They, Really?......Page 211
Ethics and Innovation......Page 214
Choosing to Do Better......Page 216
The Logical Necessity of Open Innovation......Page 218
A New Theory of IP and Its Role in Innovation......Page 221
The Creativity Economy......Page 224
Nanowares and Converging Philosophical Inquiries......Page 226
Notes......Page 233
Bibliography......Page 242
B......Page 247
C......Page 248
E......Page 249
H......Page 250
J......Page 251
M......Page 252
N......Page 253
P......Page 254
S......Page 255
T......Page 256
Y......Page 257
