Ingle's Endondontics 7

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Controversy 1
MaNDibular FirST PreMOlar
Mandibular Second Premolar
Cover
Contents
Contributors
The Science of Endodontics
Chapter 1: Anatomy and Morphology of Teeth and Their Root Canal Systems
MaXillarY CeNTral iNCiSOr
MaXillarY laTeral iNCiSOr
MaXillarY CaNiNe
MaXillarY FirST PreMOlar
MaXillarY SeCOND PreMOlar
MaXillarY FirST MOlar
MaXillarY SeCOND MOlar
MaNDibular CeNTral iNCiSOr
MaNDibular laTeral iNCiSOr
MaNDibular CaNiNe
MaNDibular FirST PreMOlar
MaNDibular SeCOND PreMOlar
MaNDibular FirST MOlar
MaNDibular SeCOND MOlar
SuMMarY
Maxillary Teeth
MaNDibular TeeTH
reFereNCeS
Chapter 2: Structure and Function of the Pulp–Dentin Complex
Chapter 3: Microbial and Nonmicrobial Etiologies of Endodontic Diseases
APICAL PERIODONTITIS IS AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE
REFERENCES
Chapter 4: Inflammation and Immunological Responses
Chapter 5: Pulpal Pathosis
Chapter 6: Periradicular Disease
ETIOPATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION
HISTOPATHOLOGIC CLASSIFICATION
MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES OF THE APICAL ROOT STRuCTuRE
IMMuNOLOGICAL ASPECTS
CHRONIC PERIRADICuLAR RESPONSE
REFERENCES
Chapter 7: Dental Innervations and Pain of Pulpal Origin
The Practice of Endodontics
Chapter 8: Examination and Diagnosis of Pulp, Root Canal, and Periapical/Periradicular Conditions
Chapter 9: Imaging Devices and Techniques
Chapter 9A: Analog Radiography
Chapter 9B: Digital Radiography
Chapter 9C: Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Chapter 9D Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Chapter 9E Ultrasound
Chapter 10: Imaging Interpretation
Chapter 11: Treatment Planning and Case Selection
Chapter 12: Endodontic Considerations in Dental Trauma
ASPECTS UNIQUE TO DENTAL TRAUMA
CROWN FRACTURES
VITAL PULP THERAPY
TREATMENT METHOD
TREATMENT OF NONVITAL PULPS
PULP REVASCULARIZATION
CROWN-ROOT FRACTURES
HORIZONTAL ROOT FRACTURES
TREATMENT OF ROOT FRACTURE COMPLICATIONS
LUXATION INJURIES
CONSEQUENCES OF APICAL NEUROVASCULAR DAMAGE
TREATMENT of root resorption
ENDODONTIC ESSENTIALS
THE AVULSED TOOTH
EXTRAORAL DRY TIME LESS THAN 60 MINUTES
EXRAORAL DRY TIME MORE THAN 60 MINUTES
ADJUNCTIVE THERAPY
ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
ROOT FILLING VISIT
INTERNAL ROOT RESORPTION
REFERENCES
Chapter 13: Crown-Originating Dental Fractures
CROWN-ORIGINATING FRACTURES
CHARACTERISTICS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
PREVENTION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Chapter 14: Vertical Root Fractures
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS AND PATHOGENESIS
ETIOLOGY
Predisposing Factors
MANAGEMENT
PrEVENTION
SuMMArY
rEFErENCES
Chapter 15: Pathologic Tooth Resorption
Chapter 16: Rhinosinusitis and Endodontic Disease
Chapter 17: Non-Odontogenic Toothache and Chronic Head and Neck Pain
Chapter 18: Management of Pain, Fear, and Anxiety in the Endodontic Patient
Chapter 19: Preparation for Treatment
TOOTH ISOLATION
ELECTRONIC APEX LOCATORS
REFERENCES
Chapter 20: Preparation of the Coronal and Radicular Spaces
INTRODUCTION
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
AIMS
PLANNING
EVALUATION OF INSTRUMENTS AND TECHNIQUES
ANATOMY AND PRIMARY ACCESS
Guidelines
Maxillary Central Incisors
Maxillary Lateral Incisors
Maxillary Canines
Maxillary First Premolars
Maxillary Second Premolar
Maxillary First Molar
Maxillary Second Molars
Maxillary Third Molars
Mandibular Central and Lateral Incisors
Mandibular Canines
Mandibular First Premolars
Mandibular Second Premolar
Mandibular First Molars
Mandibular Second Molars
Mandibular Third Molars
Procedural Mishaps
Underextension
Overextension
Preparation of the Pulp Chamber
Pulp Stones and Coronal Calcifications
Identification of Root Canal Orifices
Preparation of the Secondary Access Cavity
Coronal Flaring
Preparation of a Glide Path
Instruments for Root Canal Preparation
Hand Instruments
Metallurgy
Design Features and Types of Instruments
Reamers
Hedstrom and S-Files
Shaping Ability of Stainless Steel Hand Instruments
Flexible Stainless Steel Root Canal Instruments
Nickel-Titanium Root Canal Instruments
Non-ISO-Sized Instruments for Manual Use
Greater Taper Hand Instruments
PREPARATION TECHNIQUES
PREPARATION WITH ROTARY
AUTOMATED ROOT CANAL PREPARATION
PREPARATION WITH ROTARY NiTi INSTRUMENTS
MOTORS AND TORQUE CONTROLLED HANDPIECES
ULTRASONICS
CONTROVERSY I: DENTINAL DAMAGE
CONTROVERSY II: APICAL PATENCY
CONTROVERSY III: APICAL EXTRUSION OF DEBRIS
PREPARATION OF COMPLEX ROOT CANAL SYSTEMS
CONTROVERSY IV—APICAL SIZE OF THE PREPARATION
COMPLICATIONS DURING PREPARATION
IMPACT OF PREPARATION ON TREATMENT OUTCOME
REFERENCES
Chapter 21: Irrigants and Intracanal Medicaments
IS COMPLETE ELIMINATION OF MICROBES FROM THE ROOT CANAL SYSTEM POSSIBLE
THE GOAL OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
THE ROLE OF INSTRUMENTATION
RESEARCH ON ENDODONTIC IRRIGATION AND DISINFECTION:
In Vitro Models to Test Antimicrobial Activity
IRRIGATING SOLUTIONS
EDTA
CHX
IRRIGATION
Fluid Dynamics
Positive Vs. Negative Pressure
FACILITATING CANAL CLEANING A
INTRACANAL MEDICAMENTS
REFERENCES
Chapter 22: Obturation of the Radicular Spaces
PASTES AND CEMENTS
SOLID MATERIALS
SEMI-SOLID MATERIALS
TECHNIQUES
VERTICAL COMPACTION OF WARM GUTTA-PERCHA
Phases of obturation
1.Cone Fit
2.Prefitting of Pluggers
3.Sealer Preparation
4.Sealer and Master Cone Placement
5.Down-packing
6.Reverse Filling (“back-packing”)
7.“Back-packing” with Thermoplastic Gutta-percha
LATERAL CONDENSATION
THERMOPLASTIC
THERMOMECHANICAL
CARRIER-BASED
Thermafil
The Oven
SYSTEM B TECHNIQUE
CHEMICAL SOFTENING
ENDOTEC
ENDOTWINN
RESILON
REFERENCES
Chapter 23: Endodontic Orthograde Retreatment and Management of Mishaps
Chapter 24: Surgical Endodontics
Chapter 25: Intentional Replantation of Endodontically Treated Teeth
Chapter 26: Endodontic Therapy in Teeth with Anatomical Variations
GEMINATION AND FUSION
DILACERATION
DENS INVAGINATUS
DENS EVAGINATUS
TAURODONTISM
C-SHAPED CANAL
SUPERNUMERARY ROOTS AND CANALS
REFERENCES
Chapter 27: Vital Pulp Therapy
Chapter 28: Management of Teeth with Immature Apices
Chapter 29: Regenerative Endodontics
Chapter 30: Treatment of Endodontic Abscesses/Cellulitis, Cysts, and Flare-ups
Chapter 31: Management Considerations for the Medically Complex Endodontic Patient
Chapter 32: Drug Interactions and Laboratory Tests
Chapter 33: Outcomes of Endodontic Therapy
HISTORICAL CONTEXT
TYPES OF OUTCOME MEASURES
PURPOSE OF EVALUATING OUTCOMES
OUTCOME MEASURES FOR ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
OUTCOME DATA FOR VITAL PULP THERAPY PROCEDURES
OUTCOMES OF NON-SURGICAL ROOT CANAL TREATMENT
OUTCOME OF NON-SURGICAL RETREATMENT
OUTOME OF SURGICAL ENDODONTICS
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
Chapter 34: Achieving Long-Term Success with Endodontic Therapy
General Aspects
TIME FACTOR IN LONG-TERM OBSERVATION
REFERENCES
Interdisciplinary Endodontics
Chapter 35: Contemporary Restoration of Endodontically Treated Teeth
Chapter 36: Endodontic–Periodontal Interrelationships
Chapter 37: Endodontic Therapy in the Elderly Patient
Chapter 38: Endodontic Therapy in the Pediatric Patient
Chapter 39: Interrelationships of Endodontics and Orthodontics in Treatment Planning and Patient Treatment
Chapter 40: Tooth Discoloration and Bleaching of Non-Vital Teeth
Index