Information Sharing on the Semantic Web (Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing)

Cover......Page 1
Information
Sharing on the
Semantic Web......Page 3
Advanced Information and Knowlegde Processing......Page 2
ISBN 3540205942......Page 4
Preface......Page 6
Contents......Page 13
Part I Information sharing and ontologies......Page 18
1 Semantic integration......Page 19
1.1.1 HTML: visualizing information......Page 20
1.1.2 XML: exchanging information......Page 21
1.1.3 RDF: a data model for meta-information......Page 22
1.1.4 The roles of XML and RDF......Page 24
1.2.1 Structural Conflicts......Page 26
1.2.2 Semantic Conflicts......Page 28
1.3 Handling information semantics......Page 30
1.3.1 Semantics from structure......Page 31
1.3.2 Semantics from text......Page 32
1.3.3 The need for explicit semantics......Page 33
1.4 Representing and comparing semantics......Page 35
1.4.2 Term networks......Page 36
1.4.3 Concept lattices......Page 37
1.4.4 Features and constraints......Page 38
1.5 Conclusion......Page 39
2.1 Ontologies......Page 40
2.1.1 Shared vocabularies and conceptualizations......Page 41
2.1.2 Specification of context knowledge......Page 42
2.1.3 Beneficial applications......Page 44
2.2.1 Content explication......Page 46
2.2.2 Additional roles of ontologies......Page 49
2.3 A framework for information sharing......Page 51
2.4 A translation approach to ontology alignment......Page 53
2.4.1 The translation process......Page 54
2.4.2 Required infrastructure......Page 55
2.5 Conclusions......Page 57
3.1 An abstract view......Page 60
3.2 Two Semantic Web ontology languages......Page 62
3.2.1 RDF Schema......Page 64
3.2.2 OWL Lite......Page 65
3.2.3 OWL DL......Page 67
3.2.4 OWL Full......Page 68
3.2.6 Simple relations between ontologies......Page 69
3.3 Other Web-based ontology languages......Page 73
3.3.1 Languages for expressing ontology mappings......Page 75
3.4 Conclusions......Page 76
Part II Creating ontologies and metadata......Page 77
4 Ontology creation......Page 78
4.1 Ontological engineering......Page 79
4.2 Building an ontology infrastructure for Information sharing......Page 81
4.3 Applying the approach......Page 83
4.3.1 The task to be solved......Page 84
4.3.2 The Information Sources......Page 85
4.3.3 Sources of knowledge......Page 86
4.4 An example walkthrough......Page 89
4.5 Conclusions......Page 95
5 Metadata generation......Page 97
5.1 The role of metadata......Page 98
5.1.1 Use of metadata......Page 99
5.1.2 Problems with metadata management......Page 100
5.2.1 BUISY: A Web based environmental information system......Page 102
5.2.2 The WebMaster Workbench......Page 103
5.2.3 Applying WebMaster to the BUISY system......Page 105
5.3 Learning classification rules......Page 109
5.3.1 Inductive logic programming......Page 110
5.3.2 Applying inductive logic programming......Page 112
5.3.3 Learning experiments......Page 114
5.3.4 Extracted classification rules......Page 118
5.4 Ontology deployment......Page 122
5.4.1 Generating ontology-based metadata......Page 123
5.4.2 Using ontology-based metadata......Page 124
5.5 Conclusions......Page 126
Part III Retrieval, integration and querying......Page 128
6 Retrieval and Integration......Page 129
6.1.1 Ontology heterogeneity......Page 130
6.1.2 Multiple systems and translatability......Page 132
6.1.3 Approximate re-classification......Page 133
6.2 Concept-based filtering......Page 135
6.2.1 The idea of query-rewriting......Page 136
6.2.2 Boolean concept expressions......Page 137
6.2.3 Query re-writing......Page 139
6.3 Processing complex queries......Page 141
6.3.1 Queries as concepts......Page 142
6.3.2 Query relaxation......Page 144
6.4.1 Concept approximations......Page 147
6.4.2 Query relaxation......Page 148
6.5 Conclusions......Page 150
7 Sharing statistical information......Page 152
7.1 The nature of statistical information......Page 153
7.1.1 Statistical metadata......Page 154
7.1.2 A basic ontology of statistics......Page 155
7.2.1 Statistics as views......Page 159
7.2.2 Connection with the domain......Page 160
7.3.1 Ontologies......Page 164
7.3.2 Description of information......Page 168
7.4 Retrieving statistical information......Page 171
7.5 Conclusions......Page 173
8 Spatially-related information......Page 175
8.1.1 Levels of spatial abstraction......Page 176
8.1.2 Reasoning about spatial relations......Page 177
8.2 Ontologies and spatial relevance......Page 178
8.2.1 Defining Spatial Relevance......Page 179
8.2.2 Combined spatial and terminological matching......Page 180
8.2.3 Limitations......Page 182
8.3 Graph-based reasoning about spatial relevance......Page 183
8.3.1 Partonomies......Page 184
8.3.2 Topology......Page 186
8.3.3 Directions......Page 187
8.3.4 Distances......Page 188
8.4 Conclusions......Page 190
9 Integration and retrieval systems......Page 192
9.1 OntoBroker......Page 193
9.1.1 F-Logic and its relation to OWL......Page 194
9.1.2 Ontologies, sources and queries......Page 196
9.1.3 Context transformation......Page 198
9.2 OBSERVER......Page 199
9.2.1 Query Processing in OBSERVER......Page 200
9.2.2 Vocabulary integration......Page 202
9.2.3 Query plan generation and selection......Page 204
9.3 The BUSTER system......Page 205
9.3.1 The use of shared vocabularies......Page 207
9.3.2 Retrieving accommodation information......Page 208
9.3.3 Spatial and temporal information......Page 210
9.4 Conclusions......Page 214
Part IV Distributed ontologies......Page 215
10 Modularization......Page 216
10.1 Motivation......Page 217
10.1.2 Our approach......Page 218
10.1.3 Related work......Page 219
10.2.1 Syntax and architecture......Page 221
10.2.2 Semantics and logical consequence......Page 222
10.3.1 Simulating OWL import......Page 225
10.3.2 Beyond OWL......Page 228
10.4.2 Preservation of Boolean operators......Page 230
10.4.3 Compilation and integrity......Page 232
10.5 Conclusions......Page 233
11 Evolution management......Page 236
11.1.1 Determining harmless changes......Page 237
11.1.2 Characterizing changes......Page 238
11.1.3 Update management......Page 240
11.2.1 The WonderWeb case study......Page 241
11.2.2 Modularization in the case study......Page 243
11.2.3 Updating the models......Page 244
11.3 Conclusions......Page 245
Part V Conclusions......Page 247
12.1 Lessons learned......Page 248
12.2.1 Shared Vocabularies......Page 251
12.2.2 On demand translation......Page 252
12.2.3 Modular Ontologies......Page 253
12.3 Where are we now?......Page 254
12.4 Is that all there is?......Page 255
A.2 Theorem 6.11......Page 258
A.5 Theorem 10.11......Page 259
A.7 Theorem 11.2......Page 262
References......Page 263
M......Page 277
X......Page 278