Univ. of Colorado, Denver. Text resulting from the MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study, a collaboration of developmental scientists and behavioral geneticists. Explains how changes occur in different domains and how genetics and the environment influence those changes. Raises questions about the interplay between nature and nurture.
Author(s): Robert N. Emde, John K. Hewitt
Edition: 1
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Year: 2001
Language: English
Pages: 408
Contents......Page 10
Contributors......Page 14
Part I. Introduction......Page 16
1. The Dynamics of Development in a Unique Multidisciplinary Collaboration......Page 18
2. The Twin Method: What We Can Learn from a Longitudinal Study......Page 27
3. The Conduct of the Study: Sample and Procedures......Page 38
Part II. Temperament......Page 58
4. The Structure of Temperament......Page 60
5. Extremes Analyses of Observed Temperament Dimensions......Page 67
6. Parental Ratings of Temperament in Twins......Page 88
7. Sources of Continuity and Change in Observed Temperament......Page 104
8. Behavioral Inhibition and Related Temperaments......Page 126
Part III. Emotion......Page 136
9. Emotional Development in the Twin Study......Page 138
10. Reactions to Restraint and Anger-Related Expressions during the Second Year......Page 142
11. Empathy and Prosocial Patterns in Young MZ and DZ Twins: Development and Genetic and Environmental Influences......Page 156
12. Dispositional Cheerfulness: Early Genetic and Environmental Influences......Page 178
Part IV. Cognition......Page 194
13. Cognitive Development, Cognitive Abilities, and Modularity......Page 196
14. Experimental Assessment of Specific Cognitive Abilities during the Second Year of Life......Page 201
15. Continuity and Change in General Cognitive Ability from 14 to 36 Months......Page 221
16. Language and Cognition......Page 236
Part V. Environmental Contributions and Cross-Domain Integrations......Page 256
17. Context and Specificity of Individual Differences and Their Origins......Page 258
18. Mothers' Perceptions of Differential Treatment of Infant Twins......Page 262
19. Relationship Context as a Moderator of Sources of Individual Differences in Empathic Development......Page 272
20. The Development of Observed Shyness from 14 to 20 Months: Shyness in Context......Page 284
21. Perinatal Effects on General Cognitive Ability, Weight, Height, and Temperament......Page 298
22. Height, Weight, and Body Mass Index......Page 307
23. Temperament, Mental Development, and Language in the Transition from Infancy to Early Childhood......Page 322
24. Early Predictors of Problem Behavior at Age Four......Page 344
Part VI. Major Themes and Conclusions......Page 368
25. An Experiment in Collaborative Science......Page 370
A......Page 398
C......Page 399
E......Page 400
G......Page 401
H......Page 402
L......Page 403
P......Page 404
R......Page 405
S......Page 406
T......Page 407
W......Page 408
