Improvisation: Methods and Techniques for Music Therapy Clinicians, Educators, and Students

Cover......Page 1
Improvisation......Page 5
Contents......Page 7
LIST OF TABLES......Page 9
LIST OF FIGURES......Page 10
LIST OF CD EXAMPLES......Page 12
Foreword......Page 15
Preface......Page 21
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 23
1.1 Origins......Page 25
1.2 Teaching improvisation skills......Page 29
1.3 Learning piano improvisation skills......Page 32
1.4 Improvisation in music therapy: A process......Page 36
1.5 Musical elements – the language of musical expression......Page 37
1.6 Defining musical improvisation and clinical improvisation......Page 38
2.1 Musical techniques and therapeutic methods......Page 41
2.2 Creative simplicity as a starting point......Page 42
2.3 Play rules and ‘givens’......Page 43
2.4 Clinical application – the therapy process......Page 44
2.5 Summary......Page 45
3.1 Basic piano improvisation techniques......Page 47
3.2 Pulsed and non-pulsed playing......Page 53
3.3 Chordal improvisation......Page 60
3.4 Melodic improvisation – melodic dialogues......Page 63
3.5 Chord and melody improvisation......Page 67
3.6 Dissonant improvisation......Page 68
3.8 Playing in 6ths and 3rds, tonic triads, 1st and 2nd inversions......Page 72
3.9 Playing in and out of meter......Page 76
3.10 Accompanying techniques......Page 80
3.11 Summary and conclusion......Page 82
4 Basic Therapeutic Methods and Skills......Page 83
4.1 Mirroring, imitating and copying......Page 84
4.2 Matching......Page 85
4.3 Empathic improvisation and reflecting......Page 91
4.4 Grounding, holding and containing......Page 93
4.5 Dialoguing......Page 99
4.6 Accompanying......Page 108
4.7 Summary and integration......Page 111
5.1 Extemporizing......Page 115
5.2 Frameworking......Page 119
5.3 Jazz frameworks......Page 123
5.4 Spanish and Latin American frameworks......Page 127
5.5 Modal frameworks......Page 132
5.6 Summary......Page 135
6 Transitions: In Improvisation and Therapy......Page 141
6.1 Definition of transitions......Page 142
6.2 Seductive transitions......Page 144
6.3 Limbo transitions......Page 146
6.4 Overlap transitions......Page 156
6.5 Alternative frameworks for transition techniques......Page 159
6.6 Summary......Page 162
7.1 The concept of ‘theme’ or ‘leitmotif ’......Page 163
7.2 Rhythmic thematic improvisation......Page 167
7.3 Melodic thematic improvisation......Page 169
7.4 Thematic improvisation incorporating musical techniques and therapeutic methods......Page 173
7.5 Conclusion......Page 180
8 Group Improvisation......Page 183
8.1 Warm-up techniques......Page 185
8.2 Play rules, themes, media and structure – the foundations of improvisation......Page 196
8.3 Concrete, abstract and emotional themes......Page 203
8.4 Thematic improvisation, musical form, transference and counter-transference......Page 205
Introduction......Page 211
9.1 Analysis of music for a musical purpose......Page 212
9.2 Analysis of music for a therapeutic purpose......Page 218
9.3 Statistical analysis issues using the Improvisation Assessment Profiles......Page 227
9.4 General conclusion......Page 229
Bibliography......Page 231
Subject Index......Page 235
Author Index......Page 239