A comprehensive guide to becoming a skilled Azure DevOps engineer Key Features Explore a step-by-step approach to designing and creating a successful DevOps environment Understand how to implement continuous integration and continuous deployment pipelines on Azure Integrate and implement security, compliance, containers, and databases in your DevOps strategies Book Description Implementing Azure DevOps Solutions helps DevOps engineers and administrators to leverage Azure DevOps Services to master practices such as continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD), containerization, and zero downtime deployments. This book starts with the basics of continuous integration, continuous delivery, and automated deployments. You will then learn how to apply configuration management and Infrastructure as Code (IaC) along with managing databases in DevOps scenarios. Next, you will delve into fitting security and compliance with DevOps. As you advance, you will explore how to instrument applications, and gather metrics to understand application usage and user behavior. The latter part of this book will help you implement a container build strategy and manage Azure Kubernetes Services. Lastly, you will understand how to create your own Azure DevOps organization, along with covering quick tips and tricks to confidently apply effective DevOps practices. By the end of this book, you’ll have gained the knowledge you need to ensure seamless application deployments and business continuity. What you will learn Get acquainted with Azure DevOps Services and DevOps practices Implement CI/CD processes Build and deploy a CI/CD pipeline with automated testing on Azure Integrate security and compliance in pipelines Understand and implement Azure Container Services Become well versed in closing the loop from production back to development Who this book is for This DevOps book is for software developers and operations specialists interested in implementing DevOps practices for the Azure cloud. Application developers and IT professionals with some experience in software development and development practices will also find this book useful. Some familiarity with Azure DevOps basics is an added advantage. Professionals preparing for the Exam AZ-400: Designing and Implementing Microsoft DevOps Solutions certification will also find this book useful.
Author(s): Henry Been; Maik van der Gaag
Publisher: Packt Publishing
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 432
Cover
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
About Packt
Contributors
Table of Contents
Preface
Section 1: Getting to Continuous Delivery
Chapter 01: Introduction to DevOps
Technical requirements
What is DevOps?
The relation between DevOps and Agile
Agile work management
Switching to a flow-based methodology
Synchronizing work items to one system
Fastlaning
Decommissioning other work management tools
Goals and benefits of a DevOps culture
Measuring results
Cycle time and lead time
The amount of work in progress
Mean time to recovery
Change rate and change failure rate
Creating your ideal DevOps organization
Exploring DevOps practices and habits
DevOps practices
Configuration management
Release management
Continuous integration
Continuous deployment
Infrastructure as code
Test automation
Application performance monitoring
DevOps habits
Team autonomy and enterprise alignment
Rigorous management of technical debt
Focusing on flow of customer value
Hypothesis-driven development
Evidence gathered in production
Live-site culture
Managing infrastructure as a flexible resource
Five stages of the DevOps evolution
Normalizing the technology stack
Standardizing and reducing variability
Expanding DevOps practices
Automating infrastructure delivery
Providing self-service capabilities
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 02: Everything Starts with Source Control
Technical requirements
Types of source control in Azure DevOps
Centralized source control
Decentralized source control
Source control systems
Team Foundation Version Control
Git
Large File Storage
Migrating between control systems
Migrating existing Git repositories
Migrating from TFVC to an Azure Git repository
Migrating from Subversion to an Azure Git repository
Migrating without retaining history
Selecting a branching and merging strategy
Branching strategies
GitHub flow
GitFlow
Release Flow
Trunk-based development
Branching by abstraction
Merging strategies
TFVC
Git
Merge commit
Squash commit
Rebase
Managing repositories
Monorepo or multi-repo
Creating and removing repositories
Securing repositories
Branch policies
Other tools for source control
GitHub
GitLab
Subversion
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 03: Moving to Continuous Integration
Technical requirements
Introducing continuous integration
The four pillars of continuous integration
Creating a build definition in Azure DevOps
Connecting to source control
Configuring a job
Adding tasks to your job
Publishing build artifacts
Calling other tools
Task Marketplace
Creating variables and variable groups
Variable groups
Triggering the build
Build options
Build history
Task groups
Running a build
Viewing the build results
Building a pull request
Accessing build artifacts
Working with YAML pipelines
The reason for using build definitions as code
Writing a basic YAML pipeline
Writing the YAML file
Creating a YAML pipeline
Multi-job pipelines
Control options
Variables
Pipeline artifacts
Tips for writing YAML pipelines
Agents and agent queues
Built-in agent pools
Creating a private agent pool
Adding and removing agents
Agent selection
Finding agent capabilities
Other tools
GitLab CI
Jenkins
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 04: Continuous Deployment
Technical requirements
Continuous delivery and continuous deployment
Working with Azure DevOps releases
Creating artifacts and release triggers
Specifying the stages to deploy the release
Which stages do I need?
Stage triggers, approvals, and gates
Working with deployment groups
Managing deployment groups
Creating a release pipeline with a deployment group
Writing multi-stage YAML pipelines
Adding stages to YAML pipelines
Downloading artifacts
Approvals
Implementing continuous deployment strategies
Blue-green deployments
Immutable servers
Progressive exposure
Canary deployments
Ring-based deployments
Feature flags
Roll back or fail forward
Deploying mobile applications
Connecting to the app store
Using distribution groups
Publishing an app
App Center via Azure Pipelines
Automating release notes
Other tools
Octopus Deploy
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Section 2: Expanding your DevOps Pipeline
Chapter 05: Dependency Management
Technical requirements
Identifying shared components
Types of feeds
Creating a feed
Setting up a feed
Securing access
Managing views on a feed
Configuring upstream sources
Publishing packages
Uploading packages by hand
Publishing packages from a pipeline
Versioning packages
Consuming packages
Consuming packages from Visual Studio
Consuming packages from a pipeline
Working with universal packages
Uploading and downloading universal packages from Azure Pipelines
Uploading and downloading universal packages using the Azure CLI
Exploring other tools
MyGet
Artifactory
Azure Container Registry
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 06: Infrastructure and Configuration as Code
Technical requirements
Having everything as code
Working with ARM templates
Parameters
Parameter files
Variables
Resources
Dependent resources
Nested templates
Outputs
Functions
Deploying ARM templates
PowerShell
The Azure CLI
Azure Pipelines
Reverse engineering a template
Using the Export template
Using the Resource Explorer
Subscription-level templates
Azure Blueprints
November 2019 updates
Using Azure Automation
Automation account resources
Run As account
Schedules
Modules
Variables
Credentials
Connections
Runbooks
Runbook execution
Jobs
Runbooks gallery
PowerShell DSC
Compiling and applying PowerShell DSC
Using Powershell DSC with Azure Automation
Managing application settings
Azure app service settings from an ARM template
Loading settings at runtime from key vault
Azure App Configuration
Other tools
CloudFormation
Chef
Puppet
Ansible
Terraform
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 07: Dealing with Databases in DevOps Scenarios
Technical requirements
Managing a database schema as code
Migrations
End state
Applying database schema changes
Upgrading as part of the release
Upgrading by the application code
Adding a process
Going schema-less
Writing objects to the database
Reading objects from the database
Other approaches and concerns
Minimizing the influence of databases
Full side-by-side deployment
Testing database changes
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 08: Continuous Testing
Technical requirements
Defining quality
Metrics for quality
Technical debt
Understanding test types
Types of automated functional tests
Unit tests
Integration tests
System tests
Types of manual functional tests
Scripted testing
Exploratory testing
Reporting manual test results
Strategies for deciding which types of functional tests you need
The testing pyramid
The testing trophy
Types of non-functional tests
Performance testing
Load testing
Usability testing
Executing tests in a pipeline
Running unit tests
Recording unit test code coverage
Running integration tests
Running external tests
Maintaining quality
Code reviews
Automatically gathering quality metrics
Visualizing quality
Quality gates
Classic releases
Multi-stage pipelines
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 09: Security and Compliance
Technical requirements
Applying DevOps principles to security and compliance
Bringing developers and security engineers together
Security concerns
Working with secrets
Storing secrets in service connections
Storing secrets in variable groups
Detecting unsecured secrets
Detecting application code vulnerabilities
OWASP Top 10
Implementing automated vulnerability scanning
OWASP Zed Attack Proxy
Working with dependencies
Working with WhiteSource Bolt
Ensuring infrastructure compliance
Assigning an Azure Policy or initiative
Writing an Azure Policy
Initiatives
Fetching audit results
Monitoring and detecting runtime security risks and threats
Other tools you can use
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Section 3: Closing the Loop
Chapter 10: Application Monitoring
Technical requirements
Investigating application crashes
Gathering crash reports for mobile applications
Gathering crash reports for desktop applications
Instrumenting web applications
Logging
Emitting logs
Searching logs
Alerting on logs
Metrics
Emitting metrics
Graphing metrics
Alerting on metrics
Investigating requests
Optimizing alerting
Optimizing alerts
Alert fatigue
Which metrics to capture
Having an on-call schedule
Live site reviews
Integrating with other tools
IT service management applications
Azure Boards
Grafana
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 11: Gathering User Feedback
Technical requirements
Understanding continuous feedback
Asking for direct feedback
Advantages of in-product feedback
Having a public roadmap
Using interviews or focus groups
Gathering indirect feedback
Sentiment analysis
Support requests
Implementing hypothesis-driven development
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Section 4: Advanced Topics
Chapter 12: Containers
Technical requirements
An introduction to containers
DevOps and containers
Hosting options
Building a container image
Creating an application
Adding Docker support to an existing application
Creating an image with the application
Running the container image
Building images in Azure DevOps and running them in Azure
Creating a service endpoint
Creating a new pipeline
An introduction to Kubernetes
Functionalities of Kubernetes
Kubernetes core components and services
Master node
Regular nodes
Pod
Service
Deployment
Operation of Kubernetes
Azure Kubernetes Service
Kubernetes in action
Creating a Kubernetes cluster
Kubernetes infrastructure
Managing Kubernetes
Deploying a container image
Upgrading containers
Scaling containers and Kubernetes
Scaling pods manually
Autoscaling pods
Scaling nodes
Autoscaling nodes
Deploying to Kubernetes with Azure DevOps
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 13: Planning Your Azure DevOps Organization
Technical requirements
Setting up an Azure DevOps organization
How Azure DevOps is organized
Creating an Azure DevOps organization and project
Azure DevOps security model
Azure DevOps licensing
Consumption-based costs
Ensuring traceability
Consolidating tools
Standardizing tools
Migration strategies
Azure DevOps Server to Azure DevOps Services migration
Big-bang migration
Synchronization
Rebuilding
Integrating tools
Accepting there is no end state
Summary
Questions
Further reading
Chapter 14: AZ-400 Mock Exam
Designing a DevOps Strategy
Implementing DevOps Development Processes
Implementing Continuous Integration
Implementing Continuous Delivery
Implementing Dependency Management
Implementing Application Infrastructure
Implementing Continuous Feedback
Answers
Assessments
Other Books You May Enjoy
Index
