2013. — 9 с.The electric grid is a key piece of critical infrastructure upon whose operation the economy depends. The size and complexity of the power grid, however, makes the electrical system vulnerable and subject to collapse under situations such as congestion, over/under frequency, over/under voltage, system load adjustment, power swings, etc. Penetration of renewable in the grid is increasing at a fast pace. System operators demand that the existing lines / corridors are to be loaded to their limits. It is the responsibility of the system operators to meet the market requirements and at the same time maintaining grid security, safety quality and reliable power supply. Hence power system operator needs to be provided with the necessary tools to meet such complex, multi-dimensional requirements. The overall impact is achieving newer dimension in power flow quantum and direction. As the existing transmission system infrastructure is challenged to support loads beyond original design limits.
The implementation of wide area System Integrity Protection Schemes (SIPS) are often needed to detect and take preventive/protective actions to maintain transmission system integrity. SIPS is a concept of using system information from local as well as relevant remote sites and sending this information to a processing location to counteract propagation of the major disturbances in the power system, during un-planned contingency conditions or when system or operating constraints could not allow meeting the power demand.
