Hybrid and Combined Processes for Air Pollution Control: Methodologies, Mechanisms and Effect of Key Parameters

Front cover
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Title
Copyright
Contents
Contributors
Foreword
Chapter 1 Role of nanomaterials in sensing air pollutants
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Role of nanomaterials in sensing air pollutants
1.2.1 Inorganic nanomaterials for sensing air pollutants
1.2.2 Organic nanomaterials for sensing air pollutants
1.2.3 Organic-inorganic nanocomposites for sensing of air pollutants
1.3 Conclusion and outlook
Conflict of interests
References
Chapter 2 An overview of the advances in porous and hybrid materials research for air pollution mitigation
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Classification of various porous materials
2.2 Carbon-based adsorbents
2.2.1 Recent advances in carbon-based materials
2.3 Metal–organic frameworks and hybridmetal–organic frameworks
2.3.1 Synthesis strategies of metal–organicframeworks and hybrid metal–organicframeworks
2.3.2 Latest developments in metal–organicframeworks
2.4 Mesoporous silica nanomaterials
2.4.1 Synthesis strategies and mechanism of formation
2.4.2 Surface modifications and recent advances in MSNs
2.5 Zeolites
2.5.1 Synthesis strategies and recent advances in zeolite-based composites
2.6 Layered Double Hydroxides
2.6.1 Synthetic routes and modification strategies
2.6.2 Recent advancements in LDH-based materials
2.7 Covalent Organic Frameworks
2.7.1 Classification of COFs
2.7.2 Synthesis and modification strategies
2.7.3 Recent advances in COF based materials
2.8 Computational study of the porous materials
2.9 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Chemical and biological air remediation by photocatalytic building materials
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Outdoor air remediation
3.3 Indoor air remediation
3.4 Biological air remediation
3.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4 Advanced oxidation processes for air purification
4.1 Nonthermal plasma
4.1.1 General plasma properties
4.1.2 Application of nonthermal plasmas
4.2 Photocatalysis
4.2.1 General definition and mechanism of photocatalysis for air purification
4.2.2 Development of photocatalysts for air purification
4.2.3 Development of reactor configurations
4.2.4 Future perspectives of photocatalytic technology for air purification
References
Chapter 5 Integrated processes involving adsorption, photolysis, and photocatalysis
5.1 Introduction
5.2 General overview of adsorption, photolysis, and photocatalysis
5.2.1 Adsorption
5.2.2 Photolysis
5.2.3 Photocatalysis
5.2.4 Integrated process involvingadsorption–photolysis and photocatalysis
5.3 Advancements in the integrated processinvolving adsorption–photocatalysis:nanomaterials prospects
5.3.1 Carbon-based nanocomposites for theintegrated process involvingadsorption–photocatalysis
5.3.1.1 Activated carbon
5.3.2 Other adsorbents used in the integratedprocess involving adsorption–photocatalysis for the gas removal
5.4 Isotherms, kinetics models, andmechanics of adsorption–PCO hybridprocesses
5.4.1 Isotherms and kinetics models applied in the adsorption step
5.4.2 Photocatalytic step in the integrated processes: kinetics models and influencing factors
5.4.3 Effect of practical conditions on theadsorption–PCO hybrid processes
5.5 Reactors
5.6. Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 6 Biological processes for air pollution control
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Air pollution control technologies
6.2.1 Mass transfer
6.2.2 Catalytic oxidation
6.3 Biological remediation of air pollutants
6.3.1 What is the role of microorganisms in biofilters?
6.3.2 Conventional gas-phase biodegradation and limitation
6.3.3 Innovative hybrid bioreactors and two-stage systems
6.4 Future trends in biofuel production
6.4.1 Economic aspects of biogas production filters
6.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7 Functionalized membranes for multipollutants bearing air treatment
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Membrane for gas–solid separation
7.2.1 Gas–solid separation principle
7.2.2 Characterization and performance of gas purification membrane
7.3 Membrane materials for air purification
7.3.1 Medium- and low-temperature gas purification membrane
7.3.2 High-temperature gas purification membrane
7.4 Functional membrane materials for integrated purification of air multipollutants
7.4.1 Introduction
7.4.2 Coupled with denitration
7.4.3 Coupling with VOC removal
7.4.4 Coupling with desulfuration
7.4.5 Coupled with air sterilization
7.5 Conclusion and outlook
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 8 Hybrid materials to reduce pollution involving photocatalysis and particulate matter entrapment
8.1 Introduction to particulate matter
8.2 Conventional methods to remove airborne PM
8.3 Photodegradation process
8.4 Nanoparticles entrapment
8.4.1 Synthesis of samples for nanoparticles capture
8.4.2 Samples characterization
8.4.3 Adsorption test
8.5 Photodegradation of organic pollutants
8.5.1 Synthesis of porous materials with titania
8.5.2 Characterization
8.5.3 Photodegradation test
8.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 9 Advances in photocatalytic technologies for air remediation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Classification and enhancement of photocatalysts
9.3 Photocatalytic technologies for the treatment of various gases
9.3.1 Hydrogen evolution
9.3.2 CO2 reduction
9.3.3 CO oxidation
9.3.4 NOx treatment
9.4 Conclusions and outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10 Indoor air pollution andtreatment strategies—Hybridcatalysis and biologicalprocesses to treat volatileorganic compounds
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Sources of pollution
10.3 Elimination of indoor air pollutants
10.4 VOC removal by catalytic oxidation
10.5 Hybrid catalysis for the removal of VOCs
10.5.1 VOC removal by photolysis and catalysts
10.5.2 Hybrid system of catalyst and plasma for the removal of VOCs
10.5.3 Removal of VOCs by ozone effect
10.6 Catalytic oxidative degradation mechanisms(adsorption/desorption)
10.6.1 Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism
10.6.2 Eley–Rideal mechanisms
10.7 Methods of purification based on biological processes
10.8 Conclusion and future standpoints
Acknowledgments
Conflict of interests
References
Chapter 11 Tyrosine surface-functionalized V2O5 nanophotocatalyst for environmental remediation
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Fabrication of vanadium pentoxide/tyrosine composite
11.3 UV-Vis spectral study
11.4 IR and SEM studies
11.5 DFT study
11.6 Photocatalytic study
11.7 Summary
References
Chapter 12 Indoor air pollution, occupanthealth, and building systemcontrols—a COVID-19perspective
12.1 Introduction: indoor air pollution and its ongoing significance
12.2 Indoor air pollution sources and occupant health
12.3 Building ventilation systems and challenges
12.4 Building engineering controls: an opportunity for future
12.5 Improving ventilation systems
12.6 Filtration technology
12.7 IAQ monitoring
12.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 Nanotube- and nanowire-based sensors for air quality monitoring
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Basic concept of e-noses
13.3 SiNW-based gas sensors
13.3.1 Fabrication of SiNWs
13.3.2 Gas-sensing mechanism
13.3.3 Gas sensing using metal nanoparticles–decorated/metal nanoparticles–depositedSiNWs
13.3.4 SiNWs homojunctions
13.3.5 SiNW heterojunctions
13.4 CNT-based gas sensor arrays
13.5 Metal oxide nanostructures for gas sensors
13.6 Emerging applications for air quality monitoring
13.6.1 Exhaled vapor sensor(breath sensor)
13.6.2 Indoor air quality monitoring
13.6.3 Outdoor air quality
13.6.4 Sensors for flammable and hazardous gases
13.6.5 Gas sensors for food quality monitoring
13.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 14 Integration of nondestructive processes: adsorption/uptake/absorption
14.1 Filtration process for air treatment
14.1.1 Filtration mechanism
14.1.2 Filtration with fibrous media
14.2 Absorption process for air treatment
14.3 Adsorption for air treatment
14.3.1 Physical adsorption: Physisorption
14.3.2 Chemical adsorption: Chemisorption
References
Index
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