High-Entropy Materials: From Basics to Applications

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction to High-Entropy Materials
1.1 History of High-Entropy Materials
1.2 Definition of High-Entropy Materials
1.3 Core Effects of HEMs
1.3.1 High-Entropy Effect
1.3.2 Lattice Distortion
1.3.3 Sluggish Diffusion
1.3.4 Cocktail Effect
1.4 Development of the HEMs
References
Chapter 2 Structural Features and Thermodynamics of High-Entropy Materials
2.1 Structural Features of High-Entropy Materials
2.1.1 Crystal Structure of High-Entropy Alloys
2.1.2 Crystal Structure of High-Entropy Ceramics
2.1.3 Atomic Distribution
2.1.3.1 Atomic Distribution in HEAs
2.1.3.2 Atomic Distribution in HECs
2.1.4 Lattice Distortion
2.2 Electronic Structure and Band Gap Engineering
2.2.1 Electronic Structure of HEAs
2.2.2 Electronic Structure of HECs
2.3 Lattice Dynamics and Phonon Dispersion
2.4 Thermodynamics and Phase Formation
2.4.1 High-Entropy Alloys
2.4.1.1 Thermodynamic Criteria
2.4.1.2 Valence Electron Concentration Criteria
2.4.1.3 Residual Strain Criteria
2.4.2 High-Entropy Ceramics
2.4.2.1 Thermodynamic Criteria
2.4.2.2 Other Criteria
References
Chapter 3 Theoretical Design Aspects in High-Entropy Materials
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Formability Prediction
3.2.1 Empirical Models
3.2.2 Thermodynamic Computations
3.3 Properties Prediction
3.3.1 Lattice Distortions
3.3.2 Elastic Properties
3.3.3 Stacking Fault Energy
3.3.4 Thermal Properties
3.3.5 Simulation on Defects
3.4 Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Chapter 4 Synthesis and Processing of High-Entropy Materials
4.1 Powders
4.1.1 Powders of HEAs
4.1.1.1 Mechanical Alloying
4.1.1.2 Atomization
4.1.1.3 Wet Chemistry
4.1.1.4 Hydrogenation–Dehydrogenation
4.1.2 Powders of HECs
4.1.2.1 Mechanical Alloy
4.1.2.2 Wet Chemistry
4.1.2.3 Solid-State Reaction
4.2 Dense and Porous Bulks
4.2.1 HEAs
4.2.2 HECs
4.3 Films and Coatings
4.3.1 Laser Cladding
4.3.2 Spray Techniques
4.3.3 Vapor Deposition
4.3.3.1 Magnetron Sputtering
4.3.3.2 Pulsed Laser Deposition
4.4 Other Novel Synthesis and Processing Methods
4.4.1 Additive Manufacturing
4.4.2 Carbothermal Shock Synthesis
4.4.3 Severe Plastic Deformation Process
References
Chapter 5 Characterization of High-Entropy Materials
5.1 Phase Identification
5.2 Elemental Distribution
5.3 Lattice Distortion
5.4 Microstructure Evolutions
5.5 Other Advanced Characterization Methods
References
Chapter 6 Mechanical Properties
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Exceptional Toughness at Cryogenic Temperatures
6.3 Superior Performances at Elevated Temperatures
6.4 Improved Hardness: Toward Super Hard Materials
6.5 More Examples on HEMs with Intriguing Mechanical Properties
6.6 Strengthen Mechanisms
6.6.1 Theory on Yield Strength
6.6.2 Short Range Order
6.6.3 Grain Boundary Segregation
6.7 Microstructure-Mechanism-Based Design Approaches
6.8 Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Chapter 7 Functional Properties
7.1 Thermal Conductivity
7.2 Thermal Expansion
7.3 Oxidation Resistance
7.4 Molten Salt Corrosion Resistance
7.5 Irradiation Resistance
7.6 Electronic and Ionic Conductivity
7.7 Dielectric Properties
7.8 Magnetic Properties
References
Chapter 8 Applications of High-Entropy Materials
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Structural Applications
8.3 Thermal Protection and Management
8.4 Thermoelectricity
8.5 Electromagnetic Wave (EMW) Absorption
8.6 Rechargeable Batteries
8.7 Other Applications
8.8 Summary and Perspectives
References
Chapter 9 Challenges and Future Directions of High-Entropy Materials
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Vastness of Tunable Elements, Microstructures, and Properties
9.3 Preparation, Characterization, and Modeling
9.4 Materials Database, Materials Screening, and Design
9.5 Conclusions
References
Index
EULA