This book highlights a high-density helicon plasma source produced by radio frequency excitation in the presence of magnetic fields, which has attracted considerable attention thanks to its wide applicability in various fields, from basic science to industrial use. Presenting specific applications such as plasma thrusters, nuclear fusion, and plasma processing, it offers a review of modern helicon plasma science for a broad readership.
The book covers a wide range of topics, including the fundamental physics of helicon plasma and their cutting-edge applications, based on his abundant and broad experience from low to high temperature plasmas, using various linear magnetized machines and nuclear fusion ones such as tokamaks and reversed field pinches. It first provides a brief overview of the field and a crash course on the fundamentals of plasma, including miscellaneous diagnostics, for advanced undergraduate and early graduate students in plasma science, and presents the basics of helicon plasma for beginners in the field. Further, digesting advanced application topics is also useful for experts to have a quick overview of extensive helicon plasma science research.
Author(s): Shunjiro Shinohara
Series: Springer Series in Plasma Science and Technology
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 338
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
Symbols and Abbreviations
1 Introduction
1.1 Plasma World
1.2 Plasma Waves
1.3 Importance of Helicon Plasma Source
References
2 Fundamentals of Plasma and Its Diagnostics
2.1 Basic Plasma Properties
2.1.1 Plasma Oscillation
2.1.2 Debye Sheath
2.1.3 Plasma Conditions and Definition of Temperature
2.2 Plasma Generation
2.3 Motion of Charged Particles
2.3.1 Cyclotron Motion
2.3.2 Drift Motion
2.3.3 Magnetic Moment
2.4 Plasma as Fluids
2.4.1 Kinetic Description and Maxwell Transport Equation
2.4.2 Magnetohydrodynamic Equations
2.4.3 Simplified Magnetohydrodynamic Equations
2.5 Transport Process
2.5.1 Collision and Resistivity
2.5.2 Diffusion Parameters
2.5.3 Ambipolar Diffusion
2.5.4 Diffusion Across the Magnetic Field
2.5.5 Diffusion in a Cylinder and Recombination
2.5.6 Anomalous Diffusion
2.5.7 Wall Conditions
2.6 Equilibrium and Stability
2.6.1 Plasma Equilibrium
2.6.2 Plasma Instabilities
2.7 Plasma Diagnostics
2.7.1 Electric and Magnetic Measurements
2.7.2 Measurements by Electromagnetic Waves
2.7.3 Light Emission and Radiation Loss Measurements
2.7.4 Particle Measurements
Appendix
1.1 Fundamental Parameters (SI Unit)
1.1.1 Physical Constants
1.1.2 Handy Formulas
1.2 Useful Formulas
1.2.1 Vector Relations
1.2.2 Vector Integral
1.2.3 Partial Differentiation in Cylindrical Geometry
1.2.4 Maxwell’s Equations
1.2.5 Bessel Functions
References
3 Basic Helicon Wave Plasma
3.1 Cold Plasma Dispersion Relation
3.1.1 Dispersion Relation
3.1.2 Wave Characteristics Using Cold Plasma Dispersion Relation
3.1.3 Additional Remarks on Plasma Wave Phenomena
3.2 Helicon Wave Structures
3.2.1 Dispersion Relations of Helicon and Trivelpiece Gould Waves
3.2.2 Spatial Structures of Helicon Wave
3.3 Helicon Plasma Production and Its Mechanism
3.3.1 Comparison of RF Plasma Sources
3.3.2 Highly Efficient Helicon Plasma Production
3.3.3 Production Mechanism of High-Density, Helicon Plasma
3.4 Examples of Helicon Source and Its Characteristics
3.4.1 Device Size of Helicon Source
3.4.2 Antenna Geometry and Wave/Plasma Characteristics
3.4.3 Magnetic Field Effect
3.4.4 Frequency Effect
3.4.5 Effects of Gas Species and Its Pressure
Appendix
1.1 Ray Tracing
1.2 Experimental RF System
1.2.1 Experimental RF Diagram
1.2.2 Impedance Matching
1.2.3 Antenna Loading
1.2.4 Noise Reduction
References
4 Extensive Helicon Plasma Science
4.1 Fundamental Studies
4.1.1 Basic Helicon and Whistler Wave Characteristics
4.1.2 Control of Plasma Behavior
4.1.3 Torus Experiment
4.1.4 Mode Transition
4.1.5 Neutral Density Effect
4.1.6 Instabilities
4.2 Various Plasma Applications
4.2.1 Helicon Plasma Thruster
4.2.2 Nuclear Fusion Related Research
4.2.3 Industrial Application
4.2.4 Other Applications
References
5 Summary and Future Aspects
5.1 Summary of Helicon Plasma Science
5.2 Future Aspects
5.2.1 Fundamental Helicon Science
5.2.2 Helicon Plasma Application
5.3 Final Concluding Remark
References
Index
