This volume consists of 15 chapters and focuses on hazardous chemicals, how they are associated with plastics, and their environmental risks. It includes background information on plastics and additives chemistry, and their observed or potential effects on living organisms as well as the oceanographic aspects of marine debris dispersion. The respective chapters provide insights into the sorption/desorption of chemicals in and out of plastics, the mechanisms and kinetics, but also the scale of the concentrations of chemicals found in marine debris, particularly in microplastics. The occurrence of the various chemicals is analyzed, as well as the distribution profiles of the chemicals in microplastics throughout the world’s oceans. The implications of the fact that plastics carry within them several chemicals are discussed in detail. In closing, new research topics that warrant further attention are identified. The book will appeal to all scientists who are already working or interested in starting to work on the topic of marine debris, as well as policymakers, NGOs and the broader informed public.
Author(s): Hideshige Takada, Hrissi K. Karapanagioti
Series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2018
Language: English
Pages: 322
Front Matter ....Pages i-xvi
Additives and Chemicals in Plastics (Anthony L. Andrady, Nepali Rajapakse)....Pages 1-17
Food Containers and Packaging Materials as Possible Source of Hazardous Chemicals to Food (Evangelia Manoli, Dimitra Voutsa)....Pages 19-50
Release of Additives and Monomers from Plastic Wastes (Charita S. Kwan, Hideshige Takada)....Pages 51-70
Degradation of Various Plastics in the Environment (Kalliopi N. Fotopoulou, Hrissi K. Karapanagioti)....Pages 71-92
Occurrence of Marine Litter in the Marine Environment: A World Panorama of Floating and Seafloor Plastics (Christos Ioakeimidis, François Galgani, George Papatheodorou)....Pages 93-120
Sources, Distribution, and Fate of Microscopic Plastics in Marine Environments (Richard C. Thompson)....Pages 121-133
Nature of Plastic Marine Pollution in the Subtropical Gyres (Marcus Eriksen, Martin Thiel, Laurent Lebreton)....Pages 135-162
Hazardous Chemicals in Plastics in Marine Environments: International Pellet Watch (Rei Yamashita, Kosuke Tanaka, Bee Geok Yeo, Hideshige Takada, Jan A. van Franeker, Megan Dalton et al.)....Pages 163-183
Sorption of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds to Plastics in the Marine Environment: Equilibrium (Satoshi Endo, Albert A. Koelmans)....Pages 185-204
Sorption of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds to Plastics in the Marine Environment: Sorption and Desorption Kinetics (Hrissi K. Karapanagioti, David Werner)....Pages 205-219
Biofilms on Plastic Debris and Their Influence on Marine Nutrient Cycling, Productivity, and Hazardous Chemical Mobility (Tracy J. Mincer, Erik R. Zettler, Linda A. Amaral-Zettler)....Pages 221-233
Ingestion of Plastics by Marine Organisms (Peter G. Ryan)....Pages 235-266
Transfer of Hazardous Chemicals from Ingested Plastics to Higher-Trophic-Level Organisms (Kosuke Tanaka, Rei Yamashita, Hideshige Takada)....Pages 267-280
The Role of Plastic Debris as Another Source of Hazardous Chemicals in Lower-Trophic Level Organisms (Chelsea M. Rochman)....Pages 281-295
Conclusions of “Hazardous Chemicals Associated with Plastics in Environment” (Hrissi K. Karapanagioti, Hideshige Takada)....Pages 297-305
Erratum to: Food Containers and Packaging Materials as Possible Source of Hazardous Chemicals to Food (Evangelia Manoli, Dimitra Voutsa)....Pages 307-308
Back Matter ....Pages 309-315
