This book investigates perceptions against the people of north-east India, and why such prejudicial attitude exists. It subsequently quantifies and develops measures to counter such stereotypes and affiliated violence.
This research examines the north-east Indian population’s and the general Indian population’s understanding of hate crime against the north-eastern population in metropolitan cities of India, both in concept and in perpetration. Further, it evaluates the existing constitutional and statutory provisions in India to determine if the proposed legislation and provisions are sufficient with regards to hate crime against north-eastern people of India.
Drawing on empirical research addressing racial hate crimes in Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad and Pune, this book’s case studies provide a qualitative dive to the problem and offer experiential analysis in order to curate preventive measures.
This book is ideal for scholars, researchers, teachers and students interested in hate crime, racial violence, minority struggles, victimology, and law.
Author(s): G. S. Bajpai, Garima Pal, Tusha Singh, Advait Tambe
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 148
City: Cham
Preface
Acknowledgment
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 The Origin and Development of Hate Crime
1.1.1 International Perspectives on Hate Crimes
1.1.2 Hate Crime in India
1.2 Literature Review
1.2.1 Hate Crime: Meaning, Policy, and Criminal Justice
1.2.2 Origin of Hate Crime: Intolerance or Ignorance?
1.2.3 The Mongoloid Race or Racism
1.2.4 Migration to Metro City: A Tricky Path
1.2.5 The Problem of Multiculturalism
1.2.6 The Perception of Mainland India
1.2.7 The Committees and Recommendations
1.2.8 Changing Times: Changing Mindsets Curb Hate Crimes
1.3 Statement of the Problem
1.4 Objectives
1.5 Hypotheses and Research Questions
1.5.1 Research Questions
1.6 Operational/Conceptual Definitions
1.6.1 Key Variables Employed
1.7 Research Methodology
1.7.1 Research Design
1.7.2 Research Methods
1.7.2.1 Empirical Research Methods
1.7.2.2 Doctrinal Research Methods
1.7.3 Sample Size and Sampling Method
1.7.4 Tools and Techniques of Data Collection
1.8 Pretesting
1.8.1 Use of Pretesting in the Present Study
1.8.2 Type of Pretesting
1.8.3 How the Pretest Was Conducted
1.8.4 The Technique of Pretesting Used
1.9 Data Analysis and Report Writing
1.10 Significance of the Study
1.11 Limitations
1.12 Picturesque of the Study
References
Chapter 2: Analysis of Profile of Northeast Population of India Living in Metropolitan Cities
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Interpretation
Chapter 3: Rationale Behind Security Concerns to Hate Crimes
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Prejudice of Geographical Difference
3.1.1.1 Interpretation
3.1.1.2 Interpretation
3.1.2 Prejudice of Cultural Difference
3.1.2.1 Interpretation
3.1.2.2 Interpretation
3.1.3 Prejudice of Physical Appearance
3.1.3.1 Interpretation
3.1.3.2 Interpretation
3.2 Hypothesis Testing
3.3 Awareness of Hate Crime
3.4 N-E People Encountering Hate Crime Incidents
3.5 N-E People Witnessing Hate Crime Incidents
3.6 People Known to General Population Encountering/Witnessing Hate Crime
3.6.1 Interpretation
3.7 Types of Hate Crime Committed
3.7.1 Interpretation
3.8 Location of Experiencing Hate Crimes
3.8.1 Interpretation
3.9 Major Problems Behind Hate Crimes
3.9.1 Interpretation
3.10 Mental Status of Victims of Hate Crime
3.10.1 Interpretation
3.11 Possible Perpetrators Reported
3.11.1 Interpretation
Chapter 4: Secondary Victimization During Post-victimization Stages
4.1 Introduction
4.2 After-Effects of Hate Crime Incident
4.2.1 Interpretation
4.3 Reporting Agency
4.3.1 Interpretation
4.3.2 Interpretation
4.4 Reporting of Incident
4.4.1 Reporting of the Incident to Police by Northeast Indians
4.4.1.1 Interpretation
4.4.2 General People Advised Northeast Indians to Report the Incident to the Police
4.4.2.1 Interpretation
4.5 If Reported, Police Approach Towards Reporting of Incident
4.5.1 Interpretation
4.5.2 Interpretation
4.6 When Approached to Complaint, Police Treatment
4.6.1 Interpretation
4.7 If Reported, Then Status of Investigation (Fig. 4.5)
4.7.1 Interpretation
4.7.2 Interpretation
4.8 Investigation Result
4.8.1 Interpretation
4.8.2 Interpretation
4.9 If Not Reported to Police, Why?
4.9.1 Northeast People Did Not Report the Incident
4.9.1.1 Interpretation
4.9.2 General Population Did Not Report the Incident
4.9.2.1 Interpretation
4.10 Victimization
4.10.1 Fear of Living in Metropolitan Cities
4.10.1.1 Interpretation
4.10.2 How Often Were the Northeast People Worried About Staying in Metropolitan Cities
4.10.2.1 Interpretation
4.10.3 Afraid of Being Subjected to Hate Crime Because of Identity
4.10.3.1 Interpretation
4.11 Hypothesis Testing
Chapter 5: Assessment of Legal Development and Services Provided Against Hate Crimes
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Awareness of the Northeast Population About Existing Laws to Prevent Hate Crime
5.2.1 Interpretation
5.3 Adequacy of Existing Laws as per the Northeast Population
5.3.1 Interpretation
5.4 Adequacy of Existing Laws as per the General Population
5.4.1 Interpretation
5.5 Awareness of the Northeast People Regarding the Bezbaruah Committee Recommendations
5.5.1 Interpretation
5.6 Faith in Effectiveness of the Bezbaruah Committee Recommendations as per the Northeast Population
5.6.1 Interpretation
5.7 Need for New Laws
5.7.1 Interpretation
Chapter 6: Findings and Suggestions
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Key Variable Findings
6.3 Discussions
6.4 Suggestions
6.4.1 Explanation
6.4.2 Explanation
Chapter 7: Summary and Conclusion
7.1 Summary
7.1.1 Major Key Findings
7.2 Conclusion
Annexures
Annexure 1: Case Study Analysis
Case Study 1 (Bangalore)
Case Study 2 (Bangalore)
Case Study 3 (Chennai)
Case Study 4 (Chennai)
Case Study 5 (Delhi)
Case Study 6 (Delhi)
Case Study 7 (Hyderabad)
Case Study 8 (Hyderabad)
Case Study 9 (Mumbai)
Case Study 10 (Mumbai)
Case Study 11 (Pune)
Case Study 12 (Pune)
Annexure 2: Interview Schedule for General Population
Demographic Profile
Annexure 3: Interview Schedule for Northeast Population
Demographic Profile
Annexure 4: Informed Consent Form for the General Population
Annexure 5: Informed Consent Form for Northeast Population
Annexure 6: Electronic Consent
Bibliography
Books
Journal Articles
Reports
Case Law
Web Resources
Miscellaneous
Index
