Get started with Selenium WebDriver, the open source library for automating tests to ensure your web application performs as expected. In this practical hands-on book, author Boni Garcia takes Java developers through Selenium's main features for automating web navigation, browser manipulation, web element interaction, and more, with ready-to-be-executed test examples.
You'll start by learning the core features of Selenium (composed of WebDriver, Grid, and IDE) and its ecosystem. Discover why Selenium WebDriver is the de facto library for developing end-to-end tests on your web application. You'll explore ways to use advanced Selenium WebDriver features, including using web browsers in Docker containers or the DevTools protocol. Selenium WebDriver examples in this book are available on GitHub.
With this book, you'll learn how to:
• Set up a Java project containing end-to-end tests that use Selenium WebDriver
• Conduct automated interaction with web applications
• Use strategies for managing browser-specific capabilities and cross-browser testing
• Interact with web forms, manage pop-up messages, and execute JavaScript
• Control remote browsers and use advanced browser infrastructure for Selenium WebDriver tests in the cloud
• Model web pages using object-oriented classes to ease test maintenance and reduce code duplication
Author(s): Boni Garcia
Edition: 1
Publisher: O'Reilly Media
Year: 2022
Language: English
Commentary: Vector PDF
Pages: 420
City: Sebastopol, CA
Tags: Java; JavaScript; Web Applications; Selenium; Testing; Test Automation; Page Object Model
Copyright
Table of Contents
Foreword
Preface
Who Should Read This Book
Why I Wrote This Book
Navigating This Book
Part I, Introduction
Part II, The Selenium WebDriver API
Part III, Advanced Concepts
Conventions Used in This Book
Using Code Examples
O’Reilly Online Learning
How to Contact Us
Acknowledgments
Part I. Introduction
Chapter 1. A Primer on Selenium
Selenium Core Components
Selenium WebDriver
Selenium Grid
Selenium IDE
Selenium Ecosystem
Language Bindings
Driver Managers
Locator Tools
Frameworks
Browser Infrastructure
Community
Software Testing Fundamentals
Levels of Testing
Types of Testing
Testing Methodologies
Test Automation Tools
Summary and Outlook
Chapter 2. Preparing for Testing
Requirements
Java Virtual Machine
Text Editor or IDE
Browsers and Drivers
Build Tools
Optional Software
Project Setup
Project Layout
Dependencies
Hello World
Using Additional Browsers
Summary and Outlook
Part II. The Selenium WebDriver API
Chapter 3. WebDriver Fundamentals
Basic WebDriver Usage
WebDriver Creation
WebDriver Methods
Session Identifier
WebDriver Disposal
Locating WebElements
The Document Object Model (DOM)
WebElement Methods
Location Strategies
Finding Locators on a Web Page
Compound Locators
Relative Locators
What Strategy Should You Use?
Keyboard Actions
File Uploading
Range Sliders
Mouse Actions
Web Navigation
Checkboxes and Radio Buttons
User Gestures
Right-Click and Double-Click
Mouseover
Drag and Drop
Click and Hold
Copy and Paste
Waiting Strategies
Implicit Wait
Explicit Wait
Fluent Wait
Summary and Outlook
Chapter 4. Browser-Agnostic Features
Executing JavaScript
Synchronous Scripts
Pinned Scripts
Asynchronous Scripts
Timeouts
Page Loading Timeout
Script Loading Timeout
Screenshots
WebElement Screenshots
Window Size and Position
Browser History
The Shadow DOM
Cookies
Dropdown Lists
Data List Elements
Navigation Targets
Tabs and Windows
Frames and Iframes
Dialog Boxes
Alerts, Confirms, and Prompts
Modal Windows
Web Storage
Event Listeners
WebDriver Exceptions
Summary and Outlook
Chapter 5. Browser-Specific Manipulation
Browser Capabilities
Headless Browser
Page Loading Strategies
Device Emulation
Web Extensions
Geolocation
Notifications
Browser Binary
Web Proxies
Log Gathering
Get User Media
Loading Insecure Pages
Localization
Incognito
Edge in Internet Explorer Mode
The Chrome DevTools Protocol
CDP Selenium Wrappers
CDP Raw Commands
Location Context
Web Authentication
Print Page
WebDriver BiDi
Summary and Outlook
Chapter 6. Remote WebDriver
Selenium WebDriver Architecture
Creation of RemoteWebDriver Objects
RemoteWebDriver Constructor
RemoteWebDriver Builder
WebDriverManager Builder
Selenium-Jupiter
Selenium Grid
Standalone
Hub-nodes
Fully Distributed
Observability
Configuration
Cloud Providers
Browsers in Docker Containers
Docker Images for Selenium Grid
Selenoid
WebDriverManager
Selenium-Jupiter
Summary and Outlook
Part III. Advanced Concepts
Chapter 7. The Page Object Model (POM)
Motivation
The POM Design Pattern
Page Objects
Robust Page Objects
Creating a Domain Specific Language (DSL)
Page Factory
Summary and Outlook
Chapter 8. Testing Framework Specifics
Parameterized Tests
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
Cross-Browser Testing
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
Categorizing and Filtering Tests
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Ordering Tests
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
Failure Analysis
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
Retrying Tests
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
Parallel Test Execution
Maven
Gradle
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Test Listeners
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Disabled Tests
JUnit 4
TestNG
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
Summary and Outlook
Chapter 9. Third-Party Integrations
File Download
Using Browser-Specific Capabilities
Using an HTTP Client
Capture Network Traffic
Nonfunctional Testing
Performance
Security
Accessibility
A/B Testing
Fluent API
Test Data
Reporting
Behavior Driven Development
Web Frameworks
Summary and Outlook
Chapter 10. Beyond Selenium
Mobile Apps
Mobile Testing
Appium
REST Services
REST Assured
Alternatives to Selenium
Cypress
WebDriverIO
TestCafe
Puppeteer
Playwright
Summary and Final Remarks
Appendix A. What’s New in Selenium 4
Selenium WebDriver
Migration Guide
Selenium Grid
Selenium IDE
Other Novelties
Appendix B. Driver Management
WebDriverManager: Automated Driver Management
Generic Manager
Advanced Configuration
Other Uses
Manual Driver Management
Summary
Appendix C. Examples Repository Setup
Project Layout
Maven
Common Setup
JUnit 4
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
TestNG
Other Dependencies
Gradle
JUnit 4
JUnit 5
Selenium-Jupiter
TestNG
Other Dependencies
Logging
GitHub Actions
Dependabot
Summary
Index
About the Author
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