Handbook of the History of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy: Volume 3: From Ross to Dworkin and Beyond

Preface
Contents
Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund
Introduction
The Actuality of Philosophy and the Period of Exile in the United States
The Return to Frankfurt and the Late Works
The Question of Justice
The Good Life and the Advocacy for the Nonidentical
Conclusion: Reception
References
Arendt, Hannah
Introduction
Law and Politics: Arendt´s Constitutionalism
The Problem of Human Rights
Law and Evil: Adolf Eichmann on Trial
Conclusion
References
Cardozo, Benjamin
Introduction
Legal Wisdom
The Concept of Law and the Value of Legal Certainty
The Workings of the Legal Process
The Theory of Legal Decision-Making as Legal Philosophy
Conclusion
References
Croce, Benedetto
Introduction
The Object and History of the Philosophy of Law
The Concept of Law
Juridical Actions and Laws
The Double Aspect of the Practical Problem
References
Dewey, John
Introduction
Pragmatism
Critique of Natural Law
Judicial Decision-Making
Social Theory of Law
Conclusion
References
Durkheim, Emile
Introduction
Intellectual Sketch
Law as Social Fact
Legal Evolution and Societal Complexity
Contract: Evolution and Social Functions
Crime and Ritual Punishment
Conclusion
References
Dworkin, Ronald
Introduction
Legal Disagreement
Constructive Interpretation
Law as Integrity
Conclusion
References
Ehrlich, Eugen
Introduction
Biography
The Controversy with Hans Kelsen on the Nature of the Legal Science
Ehrlich´s Influence on the Free Law Movement
Ehrlich´s Political Thought
The Distinction Between State and Law According to Ehrlich
Society as a Grouping of Associations and the Role of Legal Norms
The Concept of Living Law
Ehrlich, Constitution and Pluralism
Conclusion
References
Foucault, Michel
Introduction
The Juridical Model as a Contrast/Opposition
The Dissonance Between Confession and the Enforcement of Penal Law
The Judicial Apathy of Penal Institutions
An Exhaustive Knowledge of the Delinquent and the Citizen
Surveillance Takes the Place of Punishment
References
Frank, Jerome N.
Introduction
Frank and American Legal Realism
The Certainty of Law. Frank on Judicial Decision Making
Frank and Llewellyn: The Science of Law and the Social Sciences
Certainty as a Legal Myth and Uncertainty as a Value
The Judge as a Cadi. The ``Court-House Government´´ and Intuitive ``Fact-Finding´´
``The Upper Court Myth´´
``Government of Law´´ and ``Government of Men´´
Frank´s Legacy. A Doubting Thinking on Democracy
References
Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand
Introduction
Gandhi´s Philosophical Framework
Satya and Ahimsa: Individual and Social Values
Swaraj: Individual and National Freedom
Means and Ends
Satyagraha
Swaraj Through Swadeshi
Sarvodaya: From Swaraj to Poorna Swaraj
Gandhi´s Vision of a Nonviolent State
Conclusion
References
Geiger, Theodor
Introduction
Stratification, Class, and Social Mobility
Mass Society
On Value Judgment, Ideology, and the Role of Intelligentsia
Law and Morality
References
Gentile, Giovanni
Introduction
The Law as a Spiritual Reality
The Philosophy of Law Is Necessary: Law and Force
Law and Morality
Toward a State-Centric Legalism
References
Hägerström, Axel
Introduction
Hägerström´s Reality Thesis
The Unreality of Value and the Ought
The Ought, the Right, and Norms Explained
The Law in Force Is Made Up of Norms. The Role of the Constitution and the Judge-Made Law
The Idea of a Right
Transactions
Other Investigations by Hägerström
References
Hart, Herbert Lionel Adolphus
Introduction
Hart´s Methodology
Coercion and the Law
The Nature of Rules. Hart´s Practice Theory of Rules
Law and Morality
Concluding Remarks
References
Hauriou, Maurice
Introduction
Goals of His Institutional Analysis and Main Influences on the Theory of the Institution
A Theory of the State
The State as an Institution
Conclusion
References
Heck, Philipp
Introduction
Heck´s Methodological Approach
The Political Dimension of Method and the Role of the Judge
Legal Science
Conclusion
References
Jellinek, Georg
Introduction
Social and Legal Aspects of the State
Ethical and Legal Order, and the International Law
Subjective Rights
The Social Contract and the Origins of the Rights of Man
Conclusion
References
Kantorowicz, Hermann
Introduction
The German Free Law Movement
Free Law as a Natural Law
A New Understanding of Legal Science and the Role of Judges
Kantorowicz´s Critique of American Legal Realism
The Definition of Law
References
Kelsen, Hans
Further Reading
Kollontai, Alexandra
Introduction
1899-1917: Political Activist and Agitator with a Focus on Women´s Lives
1917-1922: People´s Commissar for Social Welfare; Head of the Zhenotdel; Disagreements with Lenin
Socialist Feminist Thinker
1922-1945: Soviet Diplomat. Confinement and Acquiescence
Conclusion
References
Laski, Harold J.
Introduction
Fabian-Inspired Social Liberalism
Sovereignty and Pluralism in Laski
A ``Gradualist´´ Socialism
Conclusion
References
Further Reading
Lenin, Vladimir I.
Introduction
Preludes
The Events
The Nature of Bolshevik Law
``Legalized Lawlessness´´
Personal Features
The End of the Game
Conclusion
References
Llewellyn, Karl Nickerson
Introduction
A Symbolic Figure of the Realist Movement
A Pioneer in Legal Anthropology
Realism in Commercial Law
Legacy
References
Lundstedt, Anders Vilhelm
Introduction
Lundstedt´s Legal Realism
Justice and the Legal Machinery
Social Welfare and Constructive Jurisprudence
Conclusion
References
Luxemburg, Rosa
Introduction
Democracy
Reform or Revolution
The Woman Question
Imperialism
Conclusion
References
Olivecrona, Karl Knut Hans
Introduction
Scandinavian Legal Realism as an Alternative to Legal Positivism
Legal Language and Reality
Legal Rules
Rights and Duties as Imperative Signals
Law as an Organized Force
Conclusion
References
Pashukanis, Evgeny Bronislavovich
Introduction
1924 and ``The General Theory of Law and Marxism´´
The Shift of Pashukanis´s Theory and the Development of Stalinism
Conclusion: After Pashukanis
References
Pound, Roscoe
Sociological Jurisprudence
``Social Engineering´´: The Task of Law
References
Radbruch, Gustav
Introduction
Legal Philosophy (1932)
Radbruch´s Formula (1946)
Discussion and Conclusion
References
Rawls, John
Introduction
The First Principle: Equal Basic Rights and Liberties
The Second Principle: Distributive Economic Justice
The Original Position
Rawls´s New Theory
Overlapping Consensus
Conclusion and Summing Up
References
Further Reading
Ross, Alf
Introduction
Neo-Kantian Stage
Realistic Stage
Neopositivistic Stage
Alf Ross and the Pure Theory of Law
References
Russell, Bertrand
Introduction
Human Beings and Their Creative Potentialities
Instinct and Mind
Creative Impulses and Reason
Socialism and Capitalism
Marx and Marxism
Rights and Education
The Opposition to War and the Russell Tribunal
Conclusion
References
Schmitt, Carl
The Main Features of Schmitt´s Thought
Early Juridical Writings
Decision, Secularization, Constitution
The State, the ``Political´´ and the Crisis of the Weimar Republic
The Nazi Era
The ``Nomos´´
Conclusions
References
Stammler, Rudolf
Introduction
Stammler´s Basic Assumptions
Critiques of Stammler
Overall Appraisal
References
Weber, Max
Introduction
Biography
Values and Politics
Ethics and Violence
State and Domination
Conclusion
References
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
Introduction
Wittgenstein and Legal Theory
Wittgenstein and Law: A Skeptical View
Conclusion
References