Textiles with functional properties such as antimicrobial finishes, drug delivery, ultraviolet resistance, electrical conductivity, superhydrophilicity, superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, EMI shielding, flame-retardance can be developed with the help of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials can be added to the textile materials at different stages of the production process, including spinning, finishing, and coating. Nanofibers are textile fibers that show enhanced properties due to larger surface area compared with ordinary textile fibers. They have diameters less than 1000 nm and can hold nanoparticles, drugs, extracts, essential oils, etc. in their polymeric matrix. They actually encapsulate these compounds and are able to control their release by delivering them only at the targeted sites. Recently, nanofibers and textile nanocomposites have attracted great interest in the industry and research, and electrospinning is the most famous among the several methods that have been developed for the fabrication of nanofibers. This book is a collection of the reviews on the recent advances in the fields of nanofibers, nanocomposites, and their applications in textiles as well as related fields.
Author(s): Mohd Yusuf, Aminoddin Haji
Publisher: Jenny Stanford Publishing
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 275
City: Singapore
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Polymer-Based Nanofibers
1.1: An Introduction to Nanoscale Materials
1.2: Nanofibers as Promising Materials
1.3: Fabrication Methods of Nanofibers
1.3.1: Phase Separation
1.3.2: Drawing
1.3.3: Template Synthesis
1.3.4: Self-Assembly
1.3.5: Centrifugal Spinning
1.3.6: Blown Bubble-Spinning
1.3.7: Electrospinning
1.3.8: Electro-centrifugal Spinning
1.4: Different Types of Nanofibrous Structures
1.4.1: Randomly Oriented Nanofibers
1.4.2: Aligned Nanofibers
1.4.3: Porous Nanofibers
1.4.4: Hollow Nanofibers
1.5: Nanofibers for Technical Textiles
1.5.1: Filtration
1.5.2: Automotive Applications
1.5.3: Geotextiles
1.5.4: Medical Textiles
1.5.4.1: Wound dressing
1.5.4.2: Tissue-engineered scaffolds
1.5.4.3: Drug delivery
1.6: Conclusion and Future Perspectives
Chapter 2: Science and Applications of Polymeric Nanofibers
2.1: Introduction
2.2: Polymeric Materials for Nanofibers
2.3: Production of Nanofibers: Various Techniques
2.3.1: Drawing
2.3.2: Spinneret-Based Tunable Engineered Parameters
2.3.3: Template Synthesis Method of Producing Nanofibers
2.3.4: Thermally Induced Phase Separation
2.3.5: Polymer Nanofibers by Molecular Self-Assembly
2.3.6: Electroconducting Nanofibers: Interfacial Polymerization
2.3.7: Electrospinning of Nanofibers
2.3.7.1: Components of the electrospinning process
2.3.7.2: Different types of nozzles
2.3.7.3: Needleless spinneret
2.3.7.4: Electrospinning setups and different collector types
2.4: Material and Process Variables in Electrospinning
2.4.1: Material and Process Parameters Affecting Electrospinning
2.4.1.1: Electrospinning: Effect of material variables
2.4.2: Effect of Process Variables
2.4.3: Electrospinning Technology: Mathematical Modeling
2.4.3.1: Bending instability
2.5: Applications of Polymeric Nanofibers
2.5.1: Filtration
2.5.2: Biomedical Applications
2.5.2.1: Tissue engineering
2.5.2.2: Drug delivery
2.5.2.3: Wound dressing
2.5.3: Applications in Protective Clothing
2.5.4: Applications in Energy Storage
2.5.5: Applications as Nanocomposites
2.5.6: Environmental Application
2.5.7: Applications in Sensors
2.6: Conclusion
Chapter 3: Nanoyarns: Recent Advancements in Production Techniques, Applications, and Future Prospects
3.1: Introduction
3.2: Nanofibers’ Timeline and Yarn Production
3.2.1: Properties of Nanoyarns
3.3: Nanoyarn Production Techniques
3.3.1: Nanoyarns via Electrospinning
3.3.2: Nanoyarns via Centrifugal Spinning
3.3.3: Nanoyarns via Solution Blowing (Air-Blowing)
3.4: Applications of Nanoyarns
3.4.1: Nanoyarns in Tissue Engineering
3.4.2: Nanoyarns in Drug Delivery
3.4.3: Nanoyarns in Energy
3.4.4: Nanoyarns as Sensors
3.4.5: Future Potential Applications
3.5: Future Prospects in Nanoyarns
3.6: Conclusion
Chapter 4: Drug-Loaded Nanofibers: Production Techniques and Release Behaviors
4.1: Introduction
4.2: Production Techniques
4.2.1: Surface Modification
4.2.2: Blend Electrospinning
4.2.3: Suspension Electrospinning
4.2.4: Coaxial Electrospinning
4.2.5: Emulsion Electrospinning
4.2.6: Microcapsule Loaded Nanofibers
4.3: Conclusion
Chapter 5: Textile Applications of Nanofibers and Nanocomposites
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Nanomaterials in Textile Industry
5.3: Nanotechnology Applications in the Textile Industry
5.3.1: Nanofinishing
5.3.2: Nanocoating
5.3.3: Nanocomposites
5.4: Functional Nanomaterial Textiles
5.4.1: UV Protective Textiles
5.4.2: Flame-Retardant Textiles
5.4.3: Water- and Oil-Repellent Textiles
5.4.4: Antimicrobial Textiles
5.4.5: Wrinkle-Resistant Fabrics
5.5: Future Prospects
5.6: Conclusions
Chapter 6: Nanomaterials in Textiles: Performance, Health, and Environmental Aspects
6.1: Introduction
6.2: Nanotechnology in Textiles
6.3: Nanoparticles
6.3.1: Routes to Incorporating Nanoparticles into Textiles
6.3.1.1: Application of prepared nanoparticles
6.3.1.2: In situ preparation
6.3.2: The Effect of Nanoparticles on the Handle of Textiles
6.4: Applications of Nanoparticles in Textiles
6.4.1: Nanoparticle-Textile Catalysts
6.4.2: Protecting Textiles from Insect Damage
6.4.3: Resistance to Dry Soiling
6.4.4: Self-Cleaning Applications
6.4.5: UV Protection
6.4.6: Antimicrobial Applications
6.4.7: Other Textile Properties
6.5: Potential Effects of Nanomaterials on Health and the Environment
6.6: Conclusions
Chapter 7: Overview of Polymer/Metal-Oxide Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Properties, and Their Potential Applications
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Synthetic Techniques
7.2.1: Physical Vapor Deposition
7.2.2: Thermal Evaporation
7.2.3: Pulsed Laser Deposition
7.2.4: Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
7.2.5: Sol-Gel Technique
7.2.6: Co-precipitation Techniques
7.2.7: Solvothermal Techniques
7.2.8: Ex/In situ Formation
7.2.8.1: Ex situ process
7.2.8.2: In situ process
7.2.9: Processing of Polymer/Metal-Oxide Nanocomposites
7.3: Properties of Polymer/Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites
7.3.1: Physical, Mechanical, and Rheological Properties
7.3.2: Thermal and Chemical Properties
7.3.3: Electrical and Optical Properties
7.3.4: Biological Properties
7.4: Applications
7.5: Conclusions and Future Trends
Chapter 8: Self-Cleaning Nanofinishes and Applications
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Inspiration for Self-Cleaning Surface and Historical Development
8.3: Basic Mechanisms of Self-Cleaning
8.4: Methodology for Developing the Self-Cleaning Textile Material
8.4.1: Self-Cleaning Textile Finishing by a Hydrophobic Material
8.4.1.1: Plasma technology
8.4.1.2: Electrospinning technology
8.4.1.3: Sol-gel treatment
8.4.1.4: Fluorinated polymers
8.4.2: Self-Cleaning Textile Finishing by Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Nanomaterial
8.4.2.1: Photocatalyst
8.4.2.2: Microwaves
8.4.2.3: Carbon nanotubes
8.4.2.4: Silver nanoparticles
8.4.2.5: Colloidal metal oxide
8.4.2.6: N-halamine
8.5: Self-Cleaning Finishes on Different Textile Substrates
8.5.1: Self-Cleaning Cotton Fibers/Fabrics
8.5.2: Self-Cleaning of Protein Fibers/Fabrics
8.5.3: Self-Cleaning Polyester Fibers/Fabrics
8.5.4: Self-Cleaning Modified Cellulose Fibers/Fabrics
8.6: Evaluation of Self-Cleaning Textiles
8.7: Applications of Self-Cleaning Textiles
8.8: Limitations of Self-Cleaning Fabric
8.9: Conclusion
Index
