Handbook of Human and Planetary Health

Preface
Contents
Part I Concepts and Theoretical Frameworks
1 Modelling of Human Activities on Planetary Systems for Sustainable Living
Introduction
Methodology—Integrated Systems Analysis
Explanation of the Basis of the Methodology, Results and Limitations of Presented Model
Sustainable Systems
Unsustainable System
Conclusions
References
2 Sustainable Management Model for Native Flora in the Face of Climate Change and Planetary Health
Introduction
Overview of Native Flora
Characteristics of Native Flora as a Biocultural Resource
Methodology
Results and Discussión
International Trade in Flora
Study Framework for the Design of a Model for the Management of Native Flora
Conclusions
Limitations
References
3 Entomophagy and the Nexus Between Human and Planetary Health
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Entomophagy and Human Healthy Dieting
Are Insect Foods Safe to Eat?
Discussion: Connecting Public and Planetary Health Through Edible Insects
Conclusion and Final Reflections
References
4 Future of Flood Control Projects in Bangladesh Considering the Health of Its Floodplain and Inhabitants
Introduction
Floodplain Country—Productive but Fragile
Food Security in an Overpopulated Country
Raising Flood Control Projects
Impact on Health of Floodplain and Its Inhabitants
New Projects—Shift of Paradigm
Resuscitation of Ichamoti River (IWFM 2019a)
Gowainghat FCDI Project (IWFM 2019b)
Conclusion
References
5 Ways to Protect and Preserve Human and Planetary Health Through the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Sector in Schools
Introduction
Methodology
Area Description
Questionnaire Development
Calculation of Sample Size
Results and Discussion
Worldwide WASH Coverage in Schools
Assessment of the Availability and Status of Current WASH Services in Schools
WASH Awareness Among Students
Conclusions
Limitation of the Research
References
6 The Power of Gender Equality to Accelerate Planetary Health and Prevent Pandemics: Evidence and Practice
Introduction
Women’s Health on a Changing Planet
A Snapshot of Gender Inequality Worldwide with a Focus on Health
Women’s Health in Times of Planetary Crisis
Gender-Transformative Policies to Accelerate Planetary Health and Enhance Pandemic Prevention
Nature Protection and Diverse Leadership as Secret Ingredients for Transformative Action
Gender Equality and Planetary Health: Pathways to Positive Change
Conclusion
References
7 Energy, and Human and Planetary Health: Is the Mutual Link Inevitable?
Introduction
Energy and Human Health
Energy and Planetary Health
Discussion and Conclusion
References
8 Possible Role of Positive Stratospheric Ozone Anomalies and Adaptation to Climate Change
Introduction
Aims and Objectives
Methods and Data
Ozone Mechanism Theory
Results
Positive Ozone Anomalies
Positive Ozone Anomalies and Stratospheric Intrusions
Positive Ozone Anomalies and Sudden Stratospheric Warming
Conclusions
References
9 Handbook and Human and Planetary Health. Sustaining Planetary Health: Putting a Stop to Ecosystem Decline, Unsustainable Practices and Associated Human Suffering
Introduction
Ecosystems and Sustainability Practices
Evidence of Declining Planetary Health
Methods and Data
Findings
Current Approaches to Managing Ecological Losses
Stopping Ecological Losses
Nexus Between Human Health and Ecosystem Decline
Expected Poor Planetary Health
Discussion
Biodiversity
Conclusions
Recommendations
Limitations of the Study
References
10 Planetary Health in Brazil
Introduction
Theoretical Grounds
Methodology
Results and Discussion
Summary Considerations
References
Part II Practical Experiences and Case Studies
11 Coastlines Caught in the Middle: How Development Policy and Sea Level Rise Are Eroding Coastal Ecosystems in the United States
Introduction
The Importance and Value of Coastal Ecosystems
The Impact of Sea Level Rise on Coastal Ecosystems
United States Coastal Development Policy and Coastal Ecosystem Decline
Policies Favoring Development and Redevelopment
Climate Mitigation Policies and Coastal Ecosystem Decline
Conclusions
References
12 Vulnerabilities of Waste Scavengers to COVID-19 Impacts: Outcomes of an Exploratory Study in Ghana
Introduction
Methodology
Study area
Materials
Procedures
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
References
13 Impact of Tourism Activities on Human Health and the Environment of a Riparian Ecosystem in Mexico
Introduction
Method
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
References
14 Planetary Health Begins on Campus: Enhancing Students’ Well-Being and Health Through Prairie Habitat Restoration
Introduction
Methodology
The Students
Prairie Restoration Sites
Prairie Gardens at Winona State University Main Campus
TAU Prairie Garden
GHP Prairie Savanna
Research Instruments: The Survey
Focus Group Questions
Results: Quantitative Data
Results of Qualitative Data (Focus Groups)
Results of Qualitative Data: Document Analysis
Discussion
Conclusion
References
15 “Health as a Social-technical Enterprise Anchored in Social-ecological Justice and Stakeholder Collaboration: Insights from Mexico-Lerma-Cutzamala Hydrological Region”
Introduction
Integrative Health Paradigms
Health as ‘System’, Response as ‘Enterprise’: Our Theory of Change
Knowledge Co-production
Integrative Frameworks and Approach
Conundrums and Integrative Domains
Integrative Health Models and Methods
Integrative Operational Frame
Social-technical Capacity Building Enterprise
Case Study Application
Ethos, Framing and Questions
Mexico-Lerma-Cutzamala Hydrological Region (MLCHR)
Social-ecological Complexity: Defining the Study Region
Spatial and Temporal Scales
Stakeholder Enterprise
Preliminary Systems Model
Impact Science and Policy
Limitations
Conclusion
References
16 Greek Students' Planetary Health Profile: A Master's Program in Environmental Communication and Health Promotion
Introduction
Ecological Consciousness
How Can We Create a Shift in Consciousness?
Environmental Communication
Education
Master in Environmental Communication and Health Promotion
Methodology
Study Design
Means of Sampling
Results and Discussion
Demographics
Conclusions
Limitations
Recommendation For Future Research
References
17 The Untapped Potential of Early Childhood Education for Planetary Health: A Narrative Review
Introduction
Methodology
Health in the Anthropocene Epoch
Early Childhood Education for Planetary Health
Climate Change and Children
Strengths, Limitations and Future Directions
Conclusion
References
18 Enviro-Health Consequences of Unpaved Road Deterioration in Liberia: Implications for Development
Introduction
The Context of the Roads
Methodology
Data Generation
Data Analysis
Results
Section One; Demographic Features of Users
Section Two: Users General Perceptions on the Condition of the Road
Section Three: Factors Affecting Travel Along the 209 Km Ganta-Zwedru Road
Section Four: The Environmental and Health Consequences Associated with Travelling Along the Road
Discussion
Demographic Characteristics of Users
Users’ General Perceptions on the Condition of the Road
Factors Affecting Travelling Along the 209 km Ganta-Zwedru Road
Environmental Consequences Associated with the Unpaved Roads
Health Consequences Suffered by the Unpaved Road Users’
WAY FORWARD; Upgrading the Unpaved Ganta—Zwedru Road to Asphalt Standards
Importance of Good Road to Agricultural Development
Potential Areas for Agricultural Development
Structures that Can Be Created by Good Road Networks
Policy Consequences
Limitations
Conclusion
References
19 The Nexus Between Biomass Burning, Black Carbon Air Pollution and Planetary Health in Africa
Introduction
Materials and Methods
GEOS-5 Model-MERRA-2 Reanalysis
MODIS 6 Active Fires
Results
Discussion
Future Opportunities for Air Quality Policymakers on the African Continent
Conclusion
References
20 Climate Change and the Increase of Extreme Events in Azores
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Surface Air Temperature
Average Annual Precipitation
Annual maximum number of Consecutive Days with Precipitation <1 MM
Annual number of Days with Rain ≥20 MM
Annual Number of Tropical Nights
Intensification of the Azores High
Discussion
Conclusions
References
21 Understanding and Handling Zoonoses
Zoonoses: A Definition
Types of Zoonoses
Climate Change and Zoonoses
Moving Towards Prevention
References
22 Climate Change Health Impacts: The Need for Watershed and Ecohealth Approaches Base for Health Adaptation Strategies and Policies
Introduction
Study Area Characteristics
Overall Objective
Methodology
Type of Study
Health Vulnerability to Climate Change (VCC) for Acute Diarrheal Diseases
Vulnerability Concept
Environmental Dimension, Ecosystems and Vegetation Types Existing in Each of Evaluated Communities Were Used
ADD Climate Variability Assessment
IC1 Interpretation
IC2 Interpretation
Universe and Sample
Results
Climate Dimension and Extreme Events
Extreme Events Related to Climate
Hydrological Dimension and Water Quality
Food Insecurity
Climate Variability of Acute Diarrheal Diseases (ADDs) Epidemiological Patterns at Palca
Health Promotion Activities Allowed
Study Limitations
Conclusions
References