Handbook For The Historiography Of Science

Series Preface
Volume Preface
Contents
About the Series Editor
About the Volume Editors
Contributors
Part I: Key Authors for the Historiography of Science
1 Pierre Duhem: Between the Historiography of Science and Philosophy of History
Introduction
Shared Prejudice up Until Les origines de la statique
The Historiographic Turn: From Les origines de la statique Until Mid-1908
The Persistence Toward Medieval Dynamics: The Attribution of Importance to John Buridan and Nicole Oresme and Its Consequences
The Philosophy of History
The Idea of Providence as the Ruler of History
The Positive Role of Errors
The Historical Conditionings and the Search for Precursors
A Legalistic History
Duhemian (Dis) continuism in Question
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
2 The Origins of Alexandre Koyré´s History of Scientific Thought
Introduction: An ``Almost Inevitable Passage´´
Copernicus
Galileo
Descartes
The Topography of a Concept
Uncertainty, Disarray, and the Way Out of the Crisis
The Problem of Philosophy
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
3 Gaston Bachelard and Historical Epistemology: A New Perspective for the History of Science in the Twentieth Century
Introduction
A Perspective for the History of Science: The Bachelardian Epistemology
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
4 The Case of Life in the Historiography of Modern Science: Canguilhem´s ``Biophilosophy´´
Introduction
Canguilhem´s Historical Epistemology and His Time
The Historical Epistemology of Life
Scientific Facts as Vital Facts
Epistemologist or Philosopher of Life? One or Many Canguilhems
The Obstacles to Scientific Knowledge of Life
History of Science, Historical Epistemology, and Historical Epistemology of the Life Sciences
Biological Philosophy and Vitalist Themes
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
5 Ludwik Fleck: Thought Style and Thought Collective in the Historiography of Science
Introduction
The Thought Collective and Its Thought Style
A Biological Model for the Historiography of Science
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
6 John Desmond Bernal and ``Bernalism´´
Introduction
Cambridge ``High Science´´ in the 1920s
The London 1931 Congress and the Development of History of Science
The Social Function of Science
War Research and History of Science
Science in History
History of Science at Cambridge
``Bernalism´´ and the New Britain
The Decline of ``Bernalism´´ and the Birth of STS
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
7 Thomas Kuhn´s Legacy for the Historiography of Science
Introduction
Paradigms, Scientific Revolutions, and Incommensurability
History Versus Philosophy: The Debate Between Kuhn and Popper
History Versus Sociology: Kuhn and the Sociology of Scientific Knowledge
The Kuhnian Legacy: Historical and Social Aspects, Evolution and Language in the Construction of Science
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
8 Bourdieu and the Social History of Scientific Reason
Introduction
Biographical Sketches
The Foundational Role of Historical Epistemology
History and Social Temporalities
Sociology and Social History of Science
Beyond Logicism and Relativism: Historicist Rationalism
Reflexivity and the Social History of Social Sciences
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
9 History of Science as History of Our Best Errors: Joseph Agassi’s Critical Historiography of Science
Introduction - The Historian´s Tasks: Explanation, Reconstruction, Assessment
The Inductivist Approach
The Conventionalist Approach
The Critical Approach
A Popperian Path
A (Keplerian) Footnote to Agassi
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
10 Embodied Boundaries of Historical Studies of Science: A Vision of Steven Shapin´s Historiography
Introduction
A Sociological Wittgenstein for the History of Science
The Mundaneness of the History of Science
Science Incarnated
The Boundaries of Scientific Practice
From the Receiver of the Air-Pump to the Stomach of the Spokesman for Reality
The Public-Private Tension in Knowledge-Making Spaces
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
11 Ian Hacking´s Contributions to Historical Reflection on Science
Introduction
Words in Their Sites
Historical Ontology and Historical Meta-Epistemology
Styles of Scientific Reasoning
The History and Philosophy of Science in Hacking´s Project
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
12 Lorraine Daston´s Historical Epistemology: Style, Program, and School
Introduction
The Development of a Style: ``Historical Epistemology´´ as ``History´´
The Imagination of Possible
History of Science Without Structure
From Epistemology to the Ethos and Back Again
The Scientific Self in Motion
Conclusion: Historical Epistemology, Medicine, or Poison?
Cross-References
References
Part II: Concepts and Conceptions in the Historiography of Science
13 The Historiography of Scientific Revolutions: A Philosophical Reflection
Introduction
A Brief History of the Concept of Scientific Revolution
An Overview of the Main Philosophical Analyses of Scientific Revolutions
The Unit of Analysis Reconsidered
Scientific Development Reconsidered
Single-Line Versus Multiline Models of Scientific Development
The Web of Scientific Development
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
14 Historical Epistemology: A German Connection
Introduction
The Return of the Philosophy of Nature
Science and History
History and Philosophy
The Structural Continuity of Scientific Concepts
Conclusions
Cross-References
References
15 The French Style in the Philosophy of the Sciences
Introduction
The ``French Network´´
For a History of the History of the Sciences: Auguste Comte and the French Style in the Philosophy of the Sciences
School, Tradition, or Style?
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
16 The Beginning of the Epistemological History of Science: Gaston Bachelard´s Responsibility
Introduction
The Origin of the Expression ``Historical Epistemology´´
Towards a Dialectic Between ``Follow´´ and ``Guide´´
What History Teaches Epistemology
Towards the Unconscious of Scientific Practices and Theories
Between History and Epistemology
The ``Phenomeno-Technology´´
``All History Must Be Judged´´
Canguilhem´s Task
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
Part III: Historiography of Science from Modern Science to Contemporary Scientific World
17 Early Historiography of Science
Introduction
The Status of Mathematics
Scientific Biography
The Heroization of the Scientist
Galileo and His Followers
The Biographical Style Spreads North: France
English Biography of Scientists
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
18 On the Interpretations of the Cultural and Techno-Scientific Significance of Portuguese Navigations: A Historiographic Appr...
Introduction
António Sérgio, Jaime e Armando Cortesão: Experimentalism and the Geographical Revolution
Joaquim Barradas De Carvalho: A Prehistory of Modern Thought
Reijer Hooykaas: Sophisticated Empiricism and Science in Manueline Style
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
19 ``The Herodotus of Geometry´´: Montucla and the Birth of a General Historiography of Science in the French Enlightenment
Introduction
Montucla Before the Histoire des mathématiques: Between Newtonianism and Erudition
D´Alembert and Montucla: Shaping Enlightenment Historiography of Science
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
20 Leonhard Euler´s Works on the Motion of the Moon: A Historiographical Shift
Introduction
Euler Moon Theory Studies: the Construction of a Research Field in the Nineteenth and early Twentieth Century
A Lost Historiographical Debate: Euler´s Heritage After the Construction of the Hill-Brown Theory and the 1933 Discussion
Euler´s Heritage After World War II
Euler´s Moon Theory in the Historiography of Science at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
Sources
Bibliography
21 The Emergence of a Sophisticated Historiography of Science in Continental Europe in the Late Nineteenth Century
Introduction
German Historicism and French Positivism
German Histories of Science
French Histories of Science
Concluding Remarks
Cross-References
References
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
22 Feynman´s Frameworks on Nanotechnology in Historiographical Debate
An Outline
The First Steps of a New Science
The Structure of This Chapter
Introduction
There´s Plenty of Room at the Bottom
Defining Nanotechnology in the Years
Plenty of Room, Crossing the History
Nanotechnology as a Hidden Scientific Revolution
Is a Founding Document Necessary?
Should We Consider Feynman a Necessary Pioneer?
Addendum to the Historiographical POR Debate
Reading POR in the Timeline Literature
Historiographical Approaches
Is POR an Evident Cornerstone?
Historiography of a Scientific Debate
Concluding Remarks
References
23 Cosmopolitical Propositions: A Historiographic Analysis of Contemporary Anthropological Perspectives on Sciences
Introduction
The Ontological Turn in Anthropology
Cosmopolitics
How Historical Narratives Are Written in the Field of Cosmopolitics
Bruno Latour´s Symmetrical Narratives
Isabelle Stengers´ Cosmopolitical Narratives
Dipesh Chakrabarty´s ``Climate Changing´´ Narrative
Final Remarks
Cross-References
References
Part IV: Historiography of Science and Related Fields
24 Science, Religion, and the Creation of Historiographical Categories
Introduction
The History of the Origins of Science and the Origins of the History of Science
Colonizing and Decolonizing Science and Religion
Science, Religion, and Nationalism
Science, Religion, and the Modern Nation
Science as Nation
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
25 Postcolonial and Decolonial Historiography of Science
Introduction
The ``Wrong Questions´´ and the Diffusionist Answer
Reactions to the Diffusionist Model and Innovative Replies
Theoretical Propositions to Escape from the Diffusionist Model
Challenges for Further Developments
Conclusions
Cross-References
References
26 Historiography of Science and Gender
Introduction
From Women´s History to Gender Studies: Looking Back to the Future
Gender Equality and Historiography of Science
Women as Researches and Subject of Research: Lessons from History
Challenges and Perspectives in the Digital Age
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
27 Historiography of Science and the Relationship Between History and the History of Science
Introduction
Reflections on the Possibilities for a Historical Historiography of Science
Historiography of Science in the Light of Historiography
Historiography as a Concept of History: Toward a ``Historiographical Operation´´ of Science
From Theoretical Reflection to Methodology
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
28 Historiography of Science and Philosophy of History: Toward a Rapprochement Between Disciplines That Never Ruptured
Introduction
Plan for the Chapter
Part 1: Historiography
Part 2: Historiography of Science
Part 3: Philosophy of History
Part 3.1: Hempel´s Contribution to the Philosophy of History - and Reactions to Hempel
Part 4: Further Observations, Hesse (Again), and Prospects for an Interdisciplinary Confraternity
Conclusion
Cross-References
References
Index