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Handbook for Chemical Process Industries

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Chemical processing industry plays a pivotal role in the economy of a country, as chemicals are required in every sphere of our lives. This book covers chemical processing of dyes, pigments, drugs and pharmaceutical products, fermented products, agrochemicals, explosives, polymers, Period II and III chemicals, chemicals, sugar, coatings, starches, soaps and detergents, paper, pulp, glass, and cement. It includes sources of natural materials, collection process, purification, and extraction of different chemicals from natural materials like petroleum, coal and ores from the Earth. It includes manufacturing details of C1 to C4 and aromatic compounds obtained from natural materials. The book covers both traditional and modern sectors of the chemical processing industry. It provides knowledge on the properties of the chemical and manufacturing process (such as raw materials, chemical reactions, quantitative requirement, flow sheet diagram, procedure) and its uses. The book is based on the author's expertise and has been developed with an awareness of the quantitative requirement for manufacturing chemicals. Data has been collected from industry, thus it will be useful to industry personnel, research groups, academicians and institutional organizations.

Author(s): Himanshu J. Patel
Publisher: CRC Press/Science Publishers
Year: 2023

Language: English
Pages: 571
City: Boca Raton

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Preface
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Basic Concepts of Chemical Industries
1.2 Raw Material
1.3 Unit Processes and Unit Operations
1.4 Utilities
1.5 Process Flow Diagram
2. Basic Chemicals from Natural Materials
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Petroleum
2.3 Coal
2.4 Metal
3. C – 1 Organic Chemicals
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Methane
3.3 Methanol
3.4 Formaldehyde
3.5 Chloromethanes
3.6 Methylamines
3.7 Formic Acid
3.8 Nitromethane
4. C – 2 Organic Chemicals
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Ethene (Ethylene)
4.3 Ethyne (Acetylene)
4.4 Ethanol
4.5 Acetaldehyde
4.6 Acetic Acid
4.7 Vinyl Chloride
4.8 Vinyl Acetate
4.9 Ethylene Oxide
4.10 Ethylene Glycol
4.11 Ethanolamines
4.12 Ethylene Dichloride (EDC)
4.13 Dimethylether (DME)
4.14 Methyl Formate
5. C – 3 and 4 Organic Chemicals
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Propylene
5.3 Isopropanol
5.4 Acrylonitrile
5.5 Acetone
5.6 Propylene Oxide
5.7 Glycerin
5.8 Nitropropanes
5.9 Isopropylamine
5.10 Trimethylamine
5.11 Propionitrile
5.12 Butadiene
5.13 n-Butanol
5.14 Butanone
5.15 Ethyl acetate
5.16 Maleic Anhydride
5.17 Succinic Acid
6. Aromatic Chemicals
6.1 Introduction
6.2 BTX Separation
6.3 Phenol
6.4 Nitrobenzene
6.5 Aniline
6.6 Cumene
6.7 Styrene
6.8 Phthalic anhydride
6.9 Benz aldehyde and Benzoic Acid
6.10 Chlorobenzenes
6.11 Acetophenone
6.12 Benzophenone
6.13 Diphenyl Oxide
6.14 Dimethyl Terephthalate
6.15 Toluidines
6.16 Nitrochlorobenzenes
6.17 2,4,5-Trichloronitrobenzene
6.18 Acetanilide
7. Dye & Pigment Industries
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Classification of Dyes
7.3 Chrome Blue Black
7.4 Koch Acid
7.5 H-Acid
7.6 Tobias Acid
7.7 Amino J-acid
7.8 Vat Dyes
7.9 Indigo Dyes
7.10 C.I. Acid Red - 119
7.11 Solvent Yellow 163
7.12 Classification of Pigments
7.13 Titanium Dioxide
7.14 Ultramarine Blue
7.15 Phthalocyanine Blue BN
7.16 Pigment Red 122
7.17 Pigment Yellow 62
8. Drug and Pharmaceutical Industry
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Classification of Drugs
8.3 Penicillin
8.4 Streptomycin
8.5 Erythromycin
8.6 Aspirin
8.7 Insulin
8.8 Barbital
8.9 Phenobarbital
8.10 Paracetamol
8.11 Proguanil
8.12 Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
8.13 Cetirizine (Cetirizine)
8.14 Ciprofloxacin
8.15 Pregabalin
9. Fermentation Industries
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Industrial Alcohol/Ethyl alcohol (Ethanol – Purity – 95.6%)
9.3 Acetic Acid
9.4 Beer
9.5 Wine
9.6 Liquors
9.7 n-Butanol
9.8 Citric Acid
10. Agrochemical Industries
10.1 Introduction
10.2 NPK Fertilizers
10.3 Urea
10.4 Ammonium Nitrate
10.5 Ammonium Sulfate
10.6 Potassium sulfate
10.7 Potassium nitrate
10.8 Triple Super Phosphate (TSP)
10.9 DDT
10.10 Hexachlorobenzene (BHC)
10.11 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)
10.12 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4,5-T)
10.13 Aldrin
10.14 Pretilachlor
10.15 Atrazine
10.16 Bifenthrin
10.17 Diafenthiuron
10.18 Clomazone
10.19 Lambda Cyhalothrin
10.20 Hexaconazole
10.21 Malathion
11. Explosive & Propellant Industries
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Classification of Explosives
11.3 Propellants
11.4 Nitroglycerin
11.5 Nitrocellulose
11.6 Picric Acid
11.7 2,4,6-Trinitro Toluene (TNT)
11.8 Tetryl
11.9 PETN
11.10 Mercury Fulminate
11.11 Tetrazene
12. Polymer Industries
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
12.3 Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
12.4 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)
12.5 High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
12.6 Polypropylene (PP)
12.7 Polystyrene (PS)
12.8 Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR or BUNA-S)
12.9 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber (NBR or BUNA-N)
12.10 Neoprene
12.11 Nylon-6
12.12 Nylon 6, 6
12.13 Teflon
12.14 Terylene
12.15 Kevlar
12.16 Bakelite
12.17 Melamine Formaldehyde Resin
12.18 Epoxy Resin
13. Period – II Chemical Industries
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Lithium
13.3 Beryllium
13.4 Boron
13.5 Nitrogen
13.6 Carbon
13.7 Oxygen
13.8 Fluorine
13.9 Neon
14. Period – III Chemical Industries
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Sodium
14.3 Magnesium
14.4 Aluminum
14.5 Silicon
14.6 Phosphorus
14.7 Sulfur
14.8 Chlorine
14.9 Argon
15. Miscellaneous Industries
15.1 Sugar Industries
15.2 Coating Industries
15.3 Starch Industries
15.4 Soap & Detergent Industries
15.5 Paper & Pulp Industries
15.6 Glass Industries
15.7 Cement Industries
Index