Gunshot wounds : practical aspects of firearms, ballistics, and forensic techniques

Content: Firearms and AmmunitionSmall ArmsAmmunitionBulletsCivilian Firearms in the United StatesRight-to-Carry PermitsSource of Firearms Used By CriminalsReferencesGeneral ReferencesForensic Aspects of BallisticsClass and Individual Characteristics of BulletsComparison of BulletsCartridge CasesNational Integrated Ballistic Information NetworkBase Markings on BulletsExamination of Bullets for Tissue and Foreign MaterialDNA Typing of Tissue on Bullets and Cartridge CasesFingerprints and Examination of Firearms for DNABlack Powder FirearmsDischarge of a FirearmHang Fires-MisfiresReferencesGeneral ReferencesWound BallisticsTheory of WoundingWounding Characteristics of Handgun and Rifle BulletsReferencesGeneral ReferencesIntroduction to the Classification of Gunshot WoundsContact WoundsHard-Contact WoundsNear-Contact WoundsIntermediate-Range WoundsDistant Gunshot WoundsSootCylinder GapSilencers: Sound SuppressorsMuzzle Brakes/CompensatorsFlash SuppressorsGas Ports/VentsMiscellaneous Powder PatternsEntrance WoundsMicroscopic Examination of Gunshot WoundsFate of Tissue from Entrance and Exit DefectsGraze/Tangential/Superficial Perforating Entrance WoundsStippling: Powder Tattooing and Pseudopowder TattooingRicochet BulletsBoneAtypical Bullet Wounds of the SkullNonpenetrating Fatal Cranial Cavity WoundsIntracranial Pressure Waves and Secondary Fractures of the SkullPseudoexit WoundsCaliber Determination from Entrance Wounds in Skin and BoneBullet WipeBackspatterReferencesWounds due to HandgunsHandgun WoundsGas InjuriesTimed Test FiringsMuzzle Velocity of Saturday Night SpecialsAddendum: Centerfire Handgun CartridgesReferencesWounds from Rimfire Firearms.22 Magnum.22 Short, Long, and Long Rifle Cartridges.22 Ammunition.177 Rimfire AmmunitionWounds due to Rimfire AmmunitionReferencesGeneral ReferencesWounds from Centerfire RiflesMusketsBreech-Loading RiflesCenterfire Rifle BulletsAssault RiflesAddendum: Common American Rifle CalibersReferencesGeneral ReferenceWounds from ShotgunsShotgun AmmunitionShotWound Ballistics of the ShotgunShotgun WoundsMiscellaneous ObservationsTaurus JudgeReferencesBloody Bodies and Bloody ScenesPhysical Activity Following Gunshot WoundsExsanguinationWounds Seen in the Emergency RoomMinimal Velocities Necessary to Perforate SkinBullet EmboliGunshot Wounds of the BrainIntrauterine Gunshot WoundsLead Poisoning from Retained BulletsLocation of Fatal Gunshot WoundsBehavior of Ammunition and Gunpowder in FiresBlunt Force Injuries from FirearmsMultiple Gunshot Wounds through One EntranceFalling BulletsReaction-Response Times in Handgun ShootingsNonlethal/Less-Lethal Ballistic WeaponsReferencesWeapons and Ammunition: MiscellaneousAir/Nonpowder GunsPaintballsZip GunsNail Guns and Powder-Actuated ToolsCaptive Bolt Devices (Pistols)Bang Stick, Power Head, or Shark StickSympathetic Discharge of Rimfire FirearmsBullets without Rifling MarksElongated BulletsCast BulletsSabot AmmunitionTandem BulletsHandgun AmmunitionHollow-Point DesignFlechettesBlank Cartridge InjuriesInterchangeability of Ammunition in WeaponsMarkings and Foreign Material on BulletsEffect of Environmental Temperature on Bullet VelocityReferencesX-RaysVirtual Autopsy: Virtopsy????ReferencesDetection of Gunshot ResiduesGunshot ResidueSEM-EDXReferencesCorrect Handling of Deaths from FirearmsAutopsy ReportWho Should Perform the Autopsy?ReferenceSuicide by FirearmsSuicide by FirearmsSuicides due to Long ArmsGunshot Wound Suicides: MiscellaneousAccidental Deaths from FirearmsSlam-FiresMore Guns: More Accidents, Homicides, and Suicides?ReferencesAppendix A: Stopping Power and Hollow-Point Pistol AmmunitionAppendix B: Forensic Autopsy in Gunshot Wound Cases