Green Energy Systems: Design, Modelling, Synthesis and Applications provides a comprehensive introduction to the design, modeling, optimization and application of predictable and alternative energy systems. With a strong focus on the fundamentals, the book provides an overview of the energy potential and conversion topology of green energy sources, the design and analysis of off grid solar and wind energy sources, and their application in effective energy management in rural communities. Sections address energy systems from solar, wind, biomass, and hybrid energy sources, and include discussions of power electronic circuit topologies for energy conversion in both off and on grid systems.
The second part of the book addresses energy harvesting at different scales, with a particular emphasis on micro energy harvesting for low power electronics like wearable devices. A wide range of applications are also discussed, alongside their challenges and solutions. Finally, case studies are presented on select topics to give readers deeper insights into the real-world applications discussed.
Author(s): Vinod Kumar Singh, Naresh Bangari, Ratnesh Tiwari, Vikas Dubey, Akash Kumar Bhoi, Thanikanti Sudhakar Babu
Publisher: Academic Press
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 267
City: London
Front Cover
Green Energy Systems
Green Energy Systems: Design, Modeling, Synthesis and Applications
Copyright
Contents
List of contributors
1 - An investigation of a photovoltaic system under distinguished thermal environment conditions
1. Introduction
2. System description
3. Modeling of PV system
4. Experimental analysis
4.1 Air-type solar PV/thermal system
4.2 Water-type solar PV/thermal system
4.3 Refrigerant-type PV/thermal system
4.4 Bifluid-type PV/thermal system
4.5 Glazed solar PV/thermal system
4.6 Unglazed solar PV/thermal system
5. Results and discussion
5.1 PV system performance at normal conditions
5.2 PV/T system performance with only water flow
5.3 PV/T system performance with single-glazed water flow
5.4 PV/T system performance with reflector
5.5 PV/T system performance with water flow and reflector
5.6 PV/T system performance with aerosol condition
5.7 PV/T system performance with aerosol and water flow
5.8 PV/T system performance with aerosol and water flow with reflector
5.9 Polycrystalline comparison between all thermal conditions for PV/T system
5.10 Performance comparison between polycrystalline and monocrystalline PV/T systems
6. Conclusion
Appendix
References
2 - Design and simulation of a renewable-based sustainable electrification system for a water purification plant
1. Introduction
2. Case study modeling and problem statement
2.1 System problem statement
2.2 Plant energy modeling
2.3 Renewable resource analysis
3. Research methodology—Retscreen simulation
4. Results and discussion
4.1 Fuel consumption
4.2 Emissions benchmark
4.3 Energy cost benchmark
4.4 Sustainability development indices
4.5 Financial viability
4.6 Cash flow
4.7 Financial risk impacts
5. Conclusion
References
3 - Biomass energy conversion through pyrolysis: A ray of hope for the current energy crisis
1. Introduction
2. Biomass pyrolysis—mechanism of product conversion
2.1 Conversion of cellulose
2.2 Conversion of hemicellulose
2.3 Conversion of lignin
3. Biomass pyrolysis reactors
3.1 Fast pyrolysis reactors
3.1.1 Bubbling fluidized bed reactors
3.1.2 Auger reactors
3.1.3 Fixed-bed reactors
3.1.4 Circulating fluidized bed reactor
3.1.5 Rotating cone reactors
3.1.6 Ablative reactors
3.1.7 Grinding pyrolysis reactors
3.2 Slow pyrolysis reactors
3.2.1 Kilns
3.2.2 Retorts
4. Pretreatment techniques
4.1 Physical techniques
4.1.1 Mechanical extrusion
4.1.2 Crushing and grinding
4.2 Chemical techniques
4.2.1 Dilute acid
4.2.2 Mild alkali
4.2.3 Ozonolysis
4.3 Physiochemical techniques
4.4 Steam explosion
4.4.1 Ammonia-based techniques
4.4.2 Wet oxidation
4.4.3 Biological techniques
4.5 Thermal techniques
4.5.1 Densification
4.5.2 Dry torrefaction
4.5.3 Microwave
4.5.4 Ultrasound
5. Influence of reaction conditions on product
5.1 Temperature
5.2 Heating rate
5.3 Residence time
6. Advancements in biomass pyrolysis
7. Conclusion
References
4 - Effects of an hourly tariff on the electricity power sector—the Honduran model
1. Introduction
2. Current challenge in Honduras
3. Theoretical framework
3.1 Time tariff
3.1.1 General law of the electricity industry for hourly tariffs
3.2 User's valid tariff and provisional tariff regulation
4. Used methodology
5. Analysis and results
5.1 Analysis of the curve of electricity consumption and power demand
5.2 Update of energy costs by time tariff
5.3 Correlation between the electric tariff and the dollar exchange tariff
5.4 Load profiles and consumption sectors in Honduras
6. Conclusions
7. Recommendations
References
5 - Solar energy and gasification of MSW: two promising green energy options
1. Introduction
2. Nonrenewable energy
2.1 Demerits of nonrenewable energy
3. Building a clean energy future through renewable energy
4. Various types of renewable energy
5. Solar energy as renewable energy
5.1 Solar photovoltaic
5.1.1 Working of a solar photovoltaic system
5.1.2 Classifications of solar panels
5.1.3 Applications of a photovoltaic system
5.1.4 Efficiency calculation of a solar cell
5.1.5 Disadvantages of a PV system
5.2 Concentrated solar power
5.2.1 Working of a concentrated solar power
5.2.2 Types of concentrated solar power
5.2.3 Parabolic trough system
5.2.4 Linear Fresnel reflectors
5.2.5 Solar dish
5.2.5.1 SAIC/STM solar dish system
5.2.5.2 ARUN solar dish system
5.2.6 Power tower or central receiver system
5.3 Thermal storage
5.4 Power block
6. Municipal solid waste as renewable energy
6.1 Types of municipal solid waste
6.2 Gasification process of municipal solid waste
6.3 Power block
6.4 Gas turbine cycle
6.5 Steam turbine cycle
6.6 Combined cycle
6.6.1 Performance parameters
7. Conclusion
References
6 - RF energy harvesting
1. Introduction
1.1 Motivation for wireless energy harvesting
2. RF energy harvesting
2.1 RF energy sources in India
3. Matching circuit and antenna
4. Photovoltaic energy harvesting
4.1 Hybrid energy harvester
4.2 Thermoelectric energy harvesting
5. Load or energy storage
6. RF-DC converters
7. Energy storage device efficiency
7.1 Batteries
7.2 Supercapacitors
7.3 Power management
8. Recent trends in rectennas
8.1 Methods to design an efficient RFEH system
9. Applications
9.1 Healthcare of animals
9.2 Wearable devices
9.3 5G-assisted RF-EHWC
10. Conclusion
References
7 - Innovations of the future of solar energy and COVID-19 impact
1. Introduction
2. Solar panels generate electricity in a variety of ways
3. Solar panel energy cost disadvantages
4. The future of solar energy
5. Advantages of floatovoltaics
6. Advantages of solar windows
7. Advantages of a solar fabric system
8. Solar cell fabric's working mechanism
9. Solar cell fabric's future
10. Impact of COVID-19 on the global solar thermal fuel market
11. Vision for solar energy’s post-COVID-19 future
12. COVID-19's impact on future renewable energy use
References
8 - Potential of ionic liquids in green energy resources
1. Introduction
2. Applications of ionic liquids
2.1 Imidazolium-based ionic liquids
2.2 Ammonium-based ionic liquid
2.3 Sulfonium-based ionic liquid
3. Ionic liquids in green energy
3.1 Conversion of CO2 into fuel or fuel components
3.2 Conversion of CO2
3.2.1 Carbon monoxide
3.2.2 Formic acid
3.2.3 Alcohols
3.3 Biomass conversion to biofuels
3.4 Biodiesel
3.5 Electrochemical sensors
3.6 Carbon nanotubes
3.7 Energy storage devices
3.7.1 Li-ion batteries
3.7.2 Vanadium redox flow batteries
4. Conclusion
References
9 - Magnetocaloric materials for green refrigeration
1. Introduction
2. Magnetocaloric effect
3. Parameters to calculate the magnetocaloric effect
4. Applications of MCE
5. Properties of an ideal magnetic refrigerator material
6. Methods for determination of the magnetocaloric effect
6.1 Direct measurements
6.2 Indirect measurements
6.2.1 MCE from magnetization measurements
6.2.2 MCE from heat capacity measurements
7. Magnetocaloric materials for near room-temperature applications
8. Materials for low-temperature applications
References
10 - A jigsaw puzzle-based reconfiguration technique for enhancing maximum power in partially shaded hybrid photovoltaic ar ...
1. Introduction
1.1 Novelty of the study
2. Mathematical model of PV array
3. Methodology
3.1 Formation of the proposed jigsaw puzzle arrangement
3.2 Physical relocation of modules in the PV array
3.3 Mathematical analysis of the PV array configurations
3.3.1 TCT PV array configuration
3.3.2 SPTCT PV array configuration
3.3.3 BLTCT PV array configuration
3.3.4 HCTCT PV array configuration
3.4 Description of the existing puzzle patterns
4. Conclusion
References
11 - A jigsaw puzzle-based reconfiguration technique for enhancing maximum power in partially shaded hybrid photovoltaic ar ...
1. Introduction
2. Partial shading scenario
2.1 Case 1: short narrow
2.2 Case 2: short wide
2.3 Case 3: long narrow
2.4 Case 4: long wide
3. Performance parameter
3.1 % Power loss
3.2 Mismatch loss
3.3 Fill factor
3.4 Execution ratio
3.5 % Performance enhancement ratio compared to the conventional configuration
4. Results and discussion
4.1 Case 1 short narrow
4.1.1 TCT configuration
4.1.2 SPTCT configuration
4.1.3 BLTCT configuration
4.1.4 HCTCT configuration
4.2 Case 2 short wide
4.2.1 TCT configuration
4.2.2 SPTCT configuration
4.2.3 BLTCT configuration
4.2.4 HCTCT configuration
4.3 Case 3 long narrow
4.3.1 TCT configuration
4.3.2 SPTCT configuration
4.3.3 BLTCT configuration
4.3.4 HCTCT configuration
4.4 Case 4 long wide
4.4.1 TCT configuration
4.4.2 SPTCT configuration
4.4.3 BLTCT configuration
4.4.4 HCTCT configuration
5. Experimental verification
6. Conclusion
References
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
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