Graft Copolymerization of Lignocellulosic Fibers

Title Page......Page 1
Half Title Page......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
ACS Symposium Series......Page 5
FOREWORD......Page 6
PdftkEmptyString......Page 0
PREFACE......Page 7
1 Some Challenges in Grafting to Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives......Page 9
Synthesis of Cellulose Graft Copolymers......Page 10
Elimination or Reduction of Homopolymer......Page 11
Greater Involvement of the Cellulose Molecules......Page 12
Molecular Weight Control......Page 13
Characterization and Properties......Page 18
Applications......Page 21
Literature Cited......Page 25
2 Free-Radical Initiated Graft Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers onto Cellulose......Page 27
Free-Radical Initiation......Page 28
Reaction Methods......Page 32
Characterization of Products......Page 34
Useful Processes and Products......Page 35
Literature Cited......Page 36
3 Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers onto Cellulosic Fibers......Page 38
Experimental......Page 39
Results and Discussion......Page 42
Conclusions......Page 46
Literature Cited......Page 48
4 The Ceric Ion Method of Grafting Acrylic Acid to Cellulose......Page 49
Experimental......Page 50
Results and Discussion......Page 51
Conclusion......Page 56
Literature Cited......Page 58
5 Grafting of Rayon Fabrics in Cold Plasma Conditions......Page 60
Results and Discussion......Page 61
Literature Cited......Page 74
6 Grafting of Methyl Methacrylate onto KPM Rayon and Jute Fiber Effect on the Properties of Grafted Fibers......Page 76
Experimental......Page 77
Results and Discussion......Page 78
Literature Cited......Page 84
1. INTRODUCTION......Page 86
a) Materials......Page 87
a) Investigation of the general parameters......Page 88
b) Grafting in the presence of various initiators......Page 91
c) Grafting of various monomers onto cellulose......Page 94
c) Analysis of the grafts......Page 95
4. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION......Page 101
Literature cited......Page 103
8 Photoinduced Grafting Reactions in Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives......Page 104
Methods......Page 105
Results and Discussion......Page 107
Conclusions......Page 118
Literature Cited......Page 121
9 Photoinduced Graft Copolymerization of Cellulose Derivatives......Page 122
Experimental......Page 123
Results and Discussion......Page 125
Literature Cited......Page 142
10 Acid Effect in UV- and Radiation-Induced Grafting of Styrene to Cellulose......Page 144
Experimental......Page 145
Results......Page 146
Discussion......Page 152
Acknowledgement......Page 156
Literature Cited......Page 157
11 Graft Copolymer of Cellulose Nitrate......Page 158
Methods......Page 159
Results and Discussion......Page 161
Effect of Variables on Grafting Initiated by Ceric Ions......Page 164
Denitration and Unsaturation of Cellulose Nitrate......Page 175
Literature Cited......Page 180
12 Computer Simulations of Grafting Reactions of Styrene onto Pre-irradiated Cellulose Acetate......Page 182
Simulation Models......Page 183
Results......Page 187
Discussion......Page 190
Literature Cited......Page 194
13 Cross-linking in Saponified Starch-g-Polyacrylonitrile......Page 195
Results and Discussion......Page 196
Conclusions......Page 208
Experimental......Page 209
Literature Cited......Page 214
14 Grafting Reaction of Dextran onto Polymer Surface......Page 216
Experimental......Page 217
Results and Discussion......Page 220
Conclusions......Page 230
Literature Cited......Page 231
15 Graft Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile onto Bamboo Using IR Spectroscopic Technique as a Probe......Page 232
Experimental......Page 233
Results and Discussion......Page 235
Conclusions......Page 246
Literature Cited......Page 248
16 Grafting of Some Vinyl Monomers onto Lignocellulose and Cellulose in the Presence of Lignin......Page 250
Experimental......Page 251
Results and Discussion......Page 253
Literature Cited......Page 265
17 The Xanthate Method of Grafting Part IX: Grafting of Acrylonitrile onto High-Yield Hardwood Pulp......Page 266
c) Procedures used:......Page 267
a) Dependence of grafting on initial pH.......Page 269
d) Dependence of grafting on monomer quantity.......Page 272
d) Effect of lignin on grafting efficiency.......Page 275
Conclusion......Page 278
References......Page 280
18 Graft Copolymerization of Lignosulfonate with Methacrylic Acid and Acrylate Monomers......Page 281
EXPERIMENTAL......Page 282
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......Page 283
CONCLUSION......Page 292
LITERATURE CITED......Page 294
19 Chemical Modification of Wood with Thioacetic Acid......Page 296
Brief Review of Past Work on Chemical Modification of Wood......Page 297
Experimental......Page 299
Results and Discussion......Page 301
Properties of Acetylated Wood......Page 306
Summary and Conclusions......Page 311
Literature Cited......Page 312
20 Thermoplasticization of Cellulose and Wood by Graft Copolymerization and Acylation......Page 314
Experimental......Page 315
Results and Discussion......Page 316
Literature Cited......Page 340
21 UV Degradation and Accelerated Weathering of Chemically Modified Wood......Page 342
Experimental......Page 344
Results and Discussion......Page 348
Summary and Conclusions......Page 360
Literature Cited......Page 362
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M......Page 368
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Z......Page 372