Goldman-Cecil Medicine, 2-Volume Set, 26th Edition

Front Matter......Page 2
Copyright Page......Page 4
Associate Editors......Page 5
Preface......Page 6
Contributors......Page 7
Video Contents......Page 30
1 Approach to Medicine, the Patient, and the Medical Profession......Page 32
2 Bioethics in the Practice of Medicine......Page 40
3 Palliative Care......Page 50
4 Disparities in Health and Health Care......Page 60
5 Global Health......Page 68
6 Approach to the Patient......Page 75
7 Approach to the Patient with Abnormal Vital Signs......Page 83
8 Statistical Interpretation of Data and Using Data for Clinical Decisions......Page 90
9 Measuring Health and Health Care......Page 102
10 Quality, Safety, and Value......Page 111
SECTION 3: PREVENTIVE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES......Page 118
12 The Periodic Health Examination......Page 126
13 Physical Activity......Page 134
14 Adolescent Medicine......Page 142
15 Immunization......Page 151
16 Principles of Occupational and Environmental Medicine......Page 175
17 Radiation Injury......Page 184
18 Bioterrorism......Page 193
19 Chronic Poisoning......Page 203
20 Epidemiology of Aging......Page 213
21 Geriatric Assessment......Page 220
22 Common Clinical Sequelae of Aging......Page 228
23 Urinary Incontinence......Page 236
24 Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Aging......Page 245
25 Delirium in the Older Patient......Page 252
26 Principles of Drug Therapy......Page 260
27 Pain......Page 273
28 Biology of Addiction......Page 285
29 Nicotine and Tobacco......Page 292
30 Alcohol Use Disorders......Page 300
31 Drugs of Abuse......Page 312
32 Immunomodulatory Drugs......Page 322
33 Biologic Agents and Signaling Inhibitors......Page 331
34 Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine......Page 338
35 Principles of Genetics......Page 344
36 Clinical Genomics—Genome Structure and Variation......Page 351
37 Applications of Molecular Technologies to Clinical Medicine......Page 361
38 Regenerative Medicine, Cell, and Gene Therapies......Page 372
39 The Innate Immune System......Page 391
40 The Adaptive Immune System......Page 399
41 Mechanisms of Immune-Mediated Tissue Injury......Page 409
42 Mechanisms of Inflammation and Tissue Repair......Page 418
43 Transplantation Immunology......Page 430
44 Complement System in Disease......Page 441
45 Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardiovascular Disease......Page 451
46 Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease......Page 465
47 Cardiac and Circulatory Function......Page 474
48 Electrocardiography......Page 487
49 Echocardiography......Page 498
50 Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging......Page 510
51 Catheterization and Angiography......Page 527
52 Heart Failure......Page 539
53 Heart Failure......Page 553
54 Diseases of the Myocardium and Endocardium......Page 573
55 Principles of Electrophysiology......Page 603
56 Approach to the Patient with Suspected Arrhythmia......Page 612
57 Approach to Cardiac Arrest and Life-Threatening Arrhythmias......Page 624
58 Supraventricular Cardiac Arrhythmias......Page 632
59 Ventricular Arrhythmias......Page 651
60 Electrophysiologic Interventional Procedures and Surgery......Page 663
61 Congenital Heart Disease in Adults......Page 674
62 Angina Pectoris and Stable Ischemic Heart Disease......Page 690
63 Acute Coronary Syndrome......Page 706
64 ST Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction and Complications of Myocardial Infarction......Page 719
65 Interventional and Surgical Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease......Page 737
66 Valvular Heart Disease......Page 747
67 Infective Endocarditis......Page 764
68 Pericardial Diseases......Page 777
69 Diseases of the Aorta......Page 791
70 Arterial Hypertension......Page 800
71 Atherosclerotic Peripheral Arterial Disease......Page 822
72 Other Peripheral Arterial Diseases......Page 832
73 Thrombotic Disorders......Page 843
74 Venous Thrombosis and Embolism......Page 855
75 Pulmonary Hypertension......Page 872
76 Antithrombotic and Antiplatelet Therapy......Page 886
77 Approach to the Patient with Respiratory Disease......Page 897
78 Imaging in Pulmonary Disease......Page 908
79 Respiratory Testing and Function......Page 922
80 Disorders of Ventilatory Control......Page 938
81 Asthma......Page 945
82 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease......Page 959
83 Cystic Fibrosis......Page 973
84 Bronchiectasis, Atelectasis, Cysts, and Localized Lung Disorders......Page 982
85 Alveolar Filling Disorders......Page 993
86 Interstitial Lung Disease......Page 1005
87 Occupational Lung Disease......Page 1027
88 Physical and Chemical Injuries of the Lung......Page 1040
89 Sarcoidosis......Page 1053
90 Acute Bronchitis and Tracheitis......Page 1063
91 Overview of Pneumonia......Page 1070
92 Diseases of the Diaphragm, Chest Wall, Pleura, and Mediastinum......Page 1086
93 Interventional and Surgical Approaches to Lung Disease......Page 1104
94 Approach to the Patient in a Critical Care Setting......Page 1114
95 Respiratory Monitoring in Critical Care......Page 1120
96 Acute Respiratory Failure......Page 1129
97 Mechanical Ventilation......Page 1143
98 Approach to the Patient with Shock......Page 1155
99 Cardiogenic Shock......Page 1166
100 Shock Syndromes Related to Sepsis......Page 1173
101 Disorders Due to Heat and Cold......Page 1190
102 Acute Poisoning......Page 1199
103 Medical Aspects of Trauma and Burns......Page 1218
104 Envenomation, Bites, and Stings......Page 1230
105 Rhabdomyolysis......Page 1249
106 Approach to the Patient with Renal Disease......Page 1258
107 Structure and Function of the Kidneys......Page 1271
108 Disorders of Sodium and Water......Page 1280
109 Potassium Disorders......Page 1295
110 Acid-Base Disorders......Page 1307
111 Disorders of Magnesium and Phosphorus......Page 1325
112 Acute Kidney Injury......Page 1333
113 Glomerular Disorders and Nephrotic Syndromes......Page 1342
114 Tubulointerstitial Diseases......Page 1357
115 Diabetes and the Kidney......Page 1366
116 Vascular Disorders of the Kidney......Page 1373
117 Nephrolithiasis......Page 1381
118 Cystic Kidney Diseases......Page 1389
119 Hereditary Nephropathies and Developmental Abnormalities of the Urinary Tract......Page 1402
120 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostatitis......Page 1411
121 Chronic Kidney Disease......Page 1421
122 Treatment of Irreversible Renal Failure......Page 1432
123 Approach to the Patient with Gastrointestinal Disease......Page 1442
124 Diagnostic Imaging Procedures in Gastroenterology......Page 1462
125 Gastrointestinal Endoscopy......Page 1475
126 Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage......Page 1485
127 Disorders of Gastrointestinal Motility......Page 1494
128 Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders......Page 1504
129 Diseases of the Esophagus......Page 1515
130 Acid Peptic Disease......Page 1529
131 Approach to the Patient with Diarrhea and Malabsorption......Page 1543
132 Inflammatory Bowel Disease......Page 1565
133 Inflammatory and Anatomic Diseases of the Intestine, Peritoneum, Mesentery, and Omentum......Page 1579
134 Vascular Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract......Page 1593
135 Pancreatitis......Page 1608
136 Diseases of the Rectum and Anus......Page 1619
137 Approach to the Patient with Liver Disease......Page 1629
138 Approach to the Patient with Jaundice or Abnormal Liver Tests......Page 1640
139 Acute Viral Hepatitis......Page 1655
140 Chronic Viral and Autoimmune Hepatitis......Page 1665
141 Toxin- and Drug-Induced Liver Disease......Page 1675
142 Bacterial, Parasitic, Fungal, and Granulomatous Liver Diseases......Page 1686
143 Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis......Page 1699
144 Cirrhosis and Its Sequelae......Page 1706
145 Hepatic Failure and Liver Transplantation......Page 1719
146 Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts......Page 1731
147 Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic Growth Factors......Page 1748
148 The Peripheral Blood Smear......Page 1753
149 Approach to the Anemias......Page 1764
150 Microcytic and Hypochromic Anemias......Page 1774
151 Autoimmune and Intravascular Hemolytic Anemias......Page 1784
152 Hemolytic Anemias......Page 1792
153 The Thalassemias......Page 1805
154 Sickle Cell Disease and Other Hemoglobinopathies......Page 1816
155 Megaloblastic Anemias......Page 1827
156 Aplastic Anemia and Related Bone Marrow Failure States......Page 1841
157 Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocythemia, and Primary Myelofibrosis......Page 1857
158 Leukocytosis and Leukopenia......Page 1875
159 Approach to the Patient with Lymphadenopathy and Splenomegaly......Page 1888
160 Histiocytoses......Page 1897
161 Eosinophilic Syndromes......Page 1909
162 Approach to the Patient with Bleeding and Thrombosis......Page 1915
163 Thrombocytopenia......Page 1924
164 Von Willebrand Disease and Hemorrhagic Abnormalities of Platelet and Vascular Function......Page 1937
165 Hemorrhagic Disorders......Page 1946
166 Hemorrhagic Disorders......Page 1958
167 Transfusion Medicine......Page 1965
168 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation......Page 1977
169 Approach to the Patient with Cancer......Page 1986
170 Epidemiology of Cancer......Page 2045
171 Cancer Biology and Genetics......Page 2052
172 Myelodysplastic Syndromes......Page 2062
173 The Acute Leukemias......Page 2072
174 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia......Page 2084
175 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia......Page 2095
176 Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas......Page 2107
177 Hodgkin Lymphoma......Page 2122
178 Plasma Cell Disorders......Page 2133
179 Amyloidosis......Page 2148
180 Tumors of the Central Nervous System......Page 2156
181 Head and Neck Cancer......Page 2170
182 Lung Cancer and Other Pulmonary Neoplasms......Page 2182
183 Neoplasms of the Esophagus and Stomach......Page 2197
184 Neoplasms of the Small and Large Intestine......Page 2208
185 Pancreatic Cancer......Page 2223
186 Liver and Biliary Tract Cancers......Page 2230
187 Tumors of the Kidney, Bladder, Ureters, and Renal Pelvis......Page 2242
188 Breast Cancer and Benign Breast Disorders......Page 2254
189 Gynecologic Cancers......Page 2267
190 Testicular Cancer......Page 2279
191 Prostate Cancer......Page 2285
192 Malignant Tumors of Bone, Sarcomas, and Other Soft Tissue Neoplasms......Page 2293
193 Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers......Page 2300
194 Approach to Inborn Errors of Metabolism......Page 2310
195 Disorders of Lipid Metabolism......Page 2317
196 Glycogen Storage Diseases......Page 2337
197 Lysosomal Storage Diseases......Page 2344
198 Homocystinuria and Hyperhomocysteinemia......Page 2353
199 The Porphyrias......Page 2361
200 Wilson Disease......Page 2375
201 Iron Overload (Hemochromatosis)......Page 2382
202 Nutrition’s Interface with Health and Disease......Page 2389
203 Protein-Energy Malnutrition......Page 2398
204 Malnutrition......Page 2405
205 Vitamins, Trace Minerals, and Other Micronutrients......Page 2413
206 Eating Disorders......Page 2425
207 Obesity......Page 2430
208 Approach to the Patient with Endocrine Disease......Page 2445
209 Principles of Endocrinology......Page 2449
210 Neuroendocrinology and the Neuroendocrine System......Page 2456
211 Anterior Pituitary......Page 2471
212 Posterior Pituitary......Page 2499
213 Thyroid......Page 2510
214 Adrenal Cortex......Page 2531
215 Adrenal Medulla, Catecholamines, and Pheochromocytoma......Page 2544
216 Diabetes Mellitus......Page 2553
217 Hypoglycemia and Pancreatic Islet Cell Disorders......Page 2578
218 Polyglandular Disorders......Page 2590
219 Neuroendocrine Tumors......Page 2596
220 Sexual Development and Identity......Page 2607
221 The Testis and Male Hypogonadism, Infertility, and Sexual Dysfunction......Page 2621
222 Ovaries and Pubertal Development......Page 2636
223 Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility......Page 2644
224 Approach to Women’s Health......Page 2659
225 Contraception......Page 2667
226 Common Medical Problems in Pregnancy......Page 2678
227 Menopause......Page 2697
228 Intimate Partner Violence......Page 2705
229 Approach to the Patient with Metabolic Bone Disease......Page 2712
230 Osteoporosis......Page 2716
231 Osteomalacia and Rickets......Page 2731
232 The Parathyroid Glands, Hypercalcemia, and Hypocalcemia......Page 2738
233 Paget Disease of Bone......Page 2755
234 Osteonecrosis, Osteosclerosis/Hyperostosis, and Other Disorders of Bone......Page 2762
235 Approach to the Patient with Allergic or Immunologic Disease......Page 2770
236 Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases......Page 2777
237 Urticaria and Angioedema......Page 2794
238 Systemic Anaphylaxis, Food Allergy, and Insect Sting Allergy......Page 2803
239 Drug Allergy......Page 2812
240 Mastocytosis......Page 2818
241 Approach to the Patient with Rheumatic Disease......Page 2827
242 Laboratory Testing in the Rheumatic Diseases......Page 2837
243 Imaging Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases......Page 2845
244 Inherited Diseases of Connective Tissue......Page 2856
245 The Systemic Autoinflammatory Diseases......Page 2866
246 Osteoarthritis......Page 2876
247 Bursitis, Tendinitis, and Other Periarticular Disorders and Sports Medicine......Page 2886
248 Rheumatoid Arthritis......Page 2897
249 The Spondyloarthropathies......Page 2914
250 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus......Page 2928
251 Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)......Page 2944
252 Sjögren Syndrome......Page 2957
253 Inflammatory Myopathies......Page 2964
254 The Systemic Vasculitides......Page 2973
255 Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica......Page 2986
256 Infections of Bursae, Joints, and Bones......Page 2995
257 Crystal Deposition Diseases......Page 3006
258 Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Myofascial Pain......Page 3017
259 Systemic Diseases in Which Arthritis Is a Feature......Page 3026
260 Surgical Treatment of Joint Diseases......Page 3037
261 Introduction to Microbial Disease......Page 3047
262 The Human Microbiome......Page 3054
263 Principles of Anti-Infective Therapy......Page 3066
264 Approach to Fever or Suspected Infection in the Normal Host......Page 3076
265 Approach to Fever and Suspected Infection in the Immunocompromised Host......Page 3086
266 Prevention and Control of Health Care–Associated Infections......Page 3100
267 Approach to the Patient with Suspected Enteric Infection......Page 3114
268 Approach to the Patient with Urinary Tract Infection......Page 3123
269 Approach to the Patient with a Sexually Transmitted Infection......Page 3133
270 Approach to the Patient Before and After Travel......Page 3143
272 Staphylococcal Infections......Page 3170
271 Antibacterial Chemotherapy......Page 3153
273 Streptococcus Pneumoniae Infections......Page 3181
274 Nonpneumococcal Streptococcal Infections and Rheumatic Fever......Page 3190
275 Enterococcal Infections......Page 3202
276 Diphtheria and Other Corynebacterium Infections......Page 3210
277 Listeriosis......Page 3219
278 Anthrax......Page 3225
279 Erysipelothrix Infections......Page 3232
280 Clostridial Infections......Page 3237
281 Diseases Caused by Non–Spore-Forming Anaerobic Bacteria......Page 3248
282 Neisseria Meningitidis Infections......Page 3256
283 Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infections......Page 3265
284 Haemophilus and Moraxella Infections......Page 3276
285 Chancroid......Page 3282
286 Cholera and Other Vibrio Infections......Page 3287
287 Campylobacter Infections......Page 3295
288 Escherichia Coli Enteric Infections......Page 3302
289 Infections Due to Other Members of the Enterobacteriaceae, Including Management of Multidrug-Resistant Strains......Page 3310
290 Pseudomonas and Related Gram-Negative Bacillary Infections......Page 3317
291 Diseases Caused by Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas Species......Page 3329
292 Salmonella Infections (Including Enteric Fever)......Page 3337
293 Shigellosis......Page 3346
294 Brucellosis......Page 3355
295 Tularemia and Other Francisella Infections......Page 3362
296 Plague and Other Yersinia Infections......Page 3369
297 Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections......Page 3381
298 Legionella Infections......Page 3389
299 Bartonella Infections......Page 3400
300 Granuloma Inguinale (Donovanosis)......Page 3408
301 Mycoplasma Infections......Page 3413
302 Diseases Caused by Chlamydiae......Page 3424
303 Syphilis......Page 3436
304 Nonsyphilitic Treponematoses......Page 3447
305 Lyme Disease......Page 3452
306 Relapsing Fever and Other Borrelia Infections......Page 3463
307 Leptospirosis......Page 3469
308 Tuberculosis......Page 3475
309 The Nontuberculous Mycobacteria......Page 3489
310 Leprosy (Hansen Disease)......Page 3496
311 Rickettsial Infections......Page 3506
312 Zoonoses......Page 3520
313 Actinomycosis......Page 3527
314 Nocardiosis......Page 3534
315 Systemic Antifungal Agents......Page 3540
316 Endemic Mycoses......Page 3548
317 Cryptococcosis......Page 3559
318 Candidiasis......Page 3565
319 Aspergillosis......Page 3573
320 Mucormycosis......Page 3581
321 Pneumocystis Pneumonia......Page 3590
322 Mycetoma and Dematiaceous Fungal Infections......Page 3604
323 Antiparasitic Therapy......Page 3611
324 Malaria......Page 3620
325 African Sleeping Sickness......Page 3629
326 Chagas Disease......Page 3636
327 Leishmaniasis......Page 3645
328 Toxoplasmosis......Page 3655
329 Cryptosporidiosis......Page 3669
330 Giardiasis......Page 3676
331 Amebiasis......Page 3683
332 Babesiosis and Other Protozoan Diseases......Page 3691
333 Cestodes......Page 3701
334 Trematode Infections......Page 3710
335 Nematode Infections......Page 3721
336 Antiviral Therapy (Non-HIV)......Page 3738
337 The Common Cold......Page 3752
338 Respiratory Syncytial Virus......Page 3758
339 Parainfluenza Viral Disease......Page 3763
340 Influenza......Page 3769
341 Adenovirus Diseases......Page 3783
342 Coronaviruses......Page 3790
343 Measles......Page 3797
344 Rubella (German Measles)......Page 3804
345 Mumps......Page 3808
346 Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, and Slow Virus Infections of the Central Nervous System......Page 3814
347 Parvovirus......Page 3822
348 Smallpox, Monkeypox, and Other Poxvirus Infections......Page 3828
349 Papillomavirus......Page 3837
350 Herpes Simplex Virus Infections......Page 3845
351 Varicella-Zoster Virus (Chickenpox, Shingles)......Page 3853
352 Cytomegalovirus......Page 3860
353 Epstein-Barr Virus Infection......Page 3867
354 Retroviruses Other Than Human Immunodeficiency Virus......Page 3872
355 Enteroviruses......Page 3881
356 Rotaviruses, Noroviruses, and Other Gastrointestinal Viruses......Page 3891
357 Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers......Page 3898
358 Arboviruses Causing Fever and Rash Syndromes......Page 3911
359 Arboviruses Affecting the Central Nervous System......Page 3922
360 Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome......Page 3932
361 Immunopathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection......Page 3956
362 Biology of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses......Page 3962
363 Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection......Page 3973
364 Antiretroviral Therapy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome......Page 3980
365 Microbial Complications in Patients Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus......Page 3989
366 Systemic Manifestations of HIV/AIDS......Page 4004
367 Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV/AIDS......Page 4031
368 Approach to the Patient with Neurologic Disease......Page 4038
369 Psychiatric Disorders in Medical Practice......Page 4056
370 Headaches and Other Head Pain......Page 4070
371 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury......Page 4081
372 Mechanical and Other Lesions of the Spine, Nerve Roots, and Spinal Cord......Page 4090
373 Regional Cerebral Dysfunction......Page 4108
374 Cognitive Impairment and Dementia......Page 4117
375 The Epilepsies......Page 4132
376 Coma, Vegetative State, and Brain Death......Page 4148
377 Sleep Disorders......Page 4159
378 Approach to Cerebrovascular Diseases......Page 4178
379 Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease......Page 4193
380 Hemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Disease......Page 4213
381 Parkinsonism......Page 4226
382 Other Movement Disorders......Page 4238
383 Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Conditions of the Central Nervous System......Page 4252
384 Meningitis......Page 4266
385 Brain Abscess and Parameningeal Infections......Page 4287
386 Acute Viral Encephalitis......Page 4297
387 Prion Diseases......Page 4305
388 Nutritional and Alcohol-Related Neurologic Disorders......Page 4311
389 Congenital, Developmental, and Neurocutaneous Disorders......Page 4321
390 Autonomic Disorders and Their Management......Page 4329
391 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Diseases......Page 4337
392 Peripheral Neuropathies......Page 4345
393 Muscle Diseases......Page 4362
394 Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission......Page 4378
395 Diseases of the Visual System......Page 4388
396 Neuro-Ophthalmology......Page 4411
397 Diseases of the Mouth and Salivary Glands......Page 4422
398 Approach to the Patient with Nose, Sinus, and Ear Disorders......Page 4432
399 Smell and Taste......Page 4446
400 Hearing and Equilibrium......Page 4451
401 Throat Disorders......Page 4462
402 Principles of Medical Consultation......Page 4473
403 Preoperative Evaluation......Page 4481
404 Overview of Anesthesia......Page 4493
405 Postoperative Care and Complications......Page 4500
406 Medical Consultation in Psychiatry......Page 4508
407 Approach to Skin Diseases......Page 4516
408 Principles of Therapy of Skin Diseases......Page 4538
409 Eczemas, Photodermatoses, Papulosquamous (Including Fungal) Diseases, and Figurate Erythemas......Page 4547
410 Macular, Papular, Purpuric, Vesicobullous, and Pustular Diseases......Page 4560
411 Urticaria, Drug Hypersensitivity Rashes, Nodules and Tumors, and Atrophic Diseases......Page 4577
412 Infections, Hyperpigmentation and Hypopigmentation, Regional Dermatology, and Distinctive Lesions in Black Skin......Page 4595
413 Diseases of Hair and Nails......Page 4606
Appendix Reference Intervals and Laboratory Values......Page 4619
Endsheet 5......Page 4629