In the early 1990s, the Caucasus took its place among the regions of the world having violent post-Cold War ethnic conflict. Several wars broke out in the region once Soviet authority ceased holding the lid on disagreements that had been fermenting for decades. (Joseph V. Stalin's forcible relocation of ethnic groups after the redrawing of the region's political map was a chief source of the friction of the 1990s.) Thus, the three republics devoted critical resources to military campaigns in a period when the need for internal restructuring was paramount.
Author(s): Glenn E. Curtis
Year: 2004
Language: English
Pages: 168
Georgia, a country study......Page 1
Foreword......Page 3
Preface......Page 4
Introduction......Page 5
Country......Page 30
Economy......Page 31
Historical Background......Page 32
Within the Russian Empire......Page 33
Foreword......Page 34
Preface......Page 35
Table A. Chronology of Important Events......Page 36
Introduction......Page 40
Country......Page 65
Economy......Page 66
Transportation and Telecommunications......Page 67
National Security......Page 68
Early History......Page 69
Occupation and Inclusion in the Russian Empire......Page 70
Social and Intellectual Developments......Page 71
World War I and Independence......Page 72
Within the Soviet Union......Page 73
Post-Stalin Politics......Page 74
The First Shevardnadze Period......Page 75
Nationalism Rises......Page 76
The Rise of Gamsakhurdia......Page 77
The Struggle for Control......Page 78
The Military Council......Page 79
Abkhazia......Page 80
Physical Environment......Page 81
Climate......Page 82
Population and Ethnic Composition......Page 83
Ethnic Minorities......Page 84
Religion......Page 86
The Arts......Page 87
Music and Dance......Page 88
Education, Health, and Welfare......Page 89
Health......Page 90
The Economy......Page 92
Obstacles to Development......Page 93
Wages and Prices......Page 94
Banking, the Budget, and the Currency......Page 95
Industry......Page 96
Energy Resources......Page 97
Land Redistribution......Page 98
Transportation and Telecommunications......Page 99
Economic Reform......Page 102
Foreign Trade......Page 103
Establishing Democratic Institutions......Page 104
The 1990 Election......Page 105
Gamsakhurdia's Ouster and Its Aftermath......Page 106
New Parties and Shevardnadze's Return......Page 107
The Election of 1992......Page 108
The Cabinet......Page 109
Parliament......Page 110
The Chief Executive......Page 111
The Supreme Court......Page 112
Regional Courts......Page 113
The Media......Page 114
The Soviet and Gamsakhurdia Periods......Page 115
Revived Contacts in 1992......Page 116
Relations with Neighboring Countries......Page 117
Russia......Page 118
National Security......Page 119
The Russian Presence......Page 120
Internal Security......Page 121
Crime......Page 122
Long-Term Security......Page 123
