From the Material to the Mystical in Late Medieval Piety: The Vernacular Transmission of Gertrude of Helfta's Visions

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The German mystic Gertrude the Great of Helfta (c.1256–1301) is a globally venerated saint who is still central to the Sacred Heart Devotion. Her visions were first recorded in Latin, and they inspired generations of readers in processes of creative rewriting. The vernacular copies of these redactions challenge the long-standing idea that translations do not bear the same literary or historical weight as the originals upon which they are based. In this study, Racha Kirakosian argues that manuscript transmission reveals how redactors serve as cultural agents. Examining the late medieval vernacular copies of Gertrude's visions, she demonstrates how redactors recast textual materials, reflected changes in piety, and generated new forms of devotional practices. She also shows how these texts served as a bridge between material culture, in the form of textiles and book illumination, and mysticism. Kirakosian's multi-faceted study is an important contribution to current debates on medieval manuscript culture, authorship, and translation as objects of study in their own right.

Author(s): Racha Kirakosian
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2021

Language: English
Pages: 350
City: Cambridge

Cover
Half-title
Title page
Copyright information
Dedication
Contents
List of Illustrations
Acknowledgements
Note on the Maps
Introduction
Gertrude's Voice in the Latin Legatus
Vernacular Rewritings
Structure of the Study
One The Helfta Scriptorium
The Convent's Writing Culture
Revisited Writing Scenarios
Women Writing Collectively
Two Redactions within a Dynamic Textuality
Existing Research Revisited
New Insights
Carthusian Influence
A Culture of Redacting
Dynamic Textuality
Three Manuscript Transmission History
Comprehensive Text Witnesses
The Buxheim Text Witnesses
A Set of Carnival Prayers
Devotional Miscellanies
A South-German Network
Saints' Lives
St Katharina in Nuremberg
Four The Book's Self-Reflectivity
Writing Imagery
Corporeal Images and Imagination
God, the Author, and His Scribes
Voicing the Word
Ontological Effects
Five The Scriptorial Heart
The Heart of the Passion
The Heart As Gateway to Salvation
The Heart As a Musical Organ
Writing from the Heart
Excursus: John the Evangelist As Mystical Scribe
Six Imaginary Textiles
Textile Culture
Time and Temporality
Participatory Visibility
Transformative Embodiment
Visionary Craftmanship
Imperfect Textiles and the Forgiveness of Sins
Final Remarks
Appendix I Manuscript Transmission with Catalogues
Ein botte der götlichen miltekeit
Gotha, Forschungsbibliothek, Chart. B 269, fol. 25r-v
Dresden, Sächsische Landesbibliothek, Hs M 243, fols. 2r-193r, 222v-224r, 236r-252r, 252v-262r
Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 5292, fols. 2r-104v, 132r-150r, 154r-211r
Vienna, Schottenstift, Cod. 308, fols. 44r-71v, 72v-74r
Freiburg im Breisgau, Universitätsbibliothek, Hs. 202, fols. 1r-125r, 157r-177v
Freiburg im Breisgau, Erzbischöfliches Archiv, Hs. 31, fols. 1r-163v, 210r-237v
Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, cod. 8507-09, fols. 1r-132v
Nuremberg, Stadtbibliothek, Cent. VII, 62, fols. 98r-100r
London, University College, MS Germ. 24, fol. 12v
Überlingen, Leopold-Sophien-Bibliothek, Ms. 26, fols. 84vb-85vb
St Gall, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 973, pp. 476-480
Augsburg, Benediktinerabtei St Stephan, Hs 38, fols. 2r-65r, 84v-97r, 100r-144r
Augsburg, Universitätsbibliothek, Cod. III. 1. 4 30, fols. 104v-106r
Wroclaw, Biblioteka Kapitulna (no shelf mark), fols. 1r-154v/155r [lost]
Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 843, fols. 86v-90r
Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 861, fols. 72r-76v
Solothurn, Zentralbibliothek, Cod. S 458, fols. 63v-64v, 70v-71v, 96v-98v, 101r-105r
Heidelberg, Universitätsbibliothek, Heid. Hs. 33, fols. 221r-266v
Sarnen, Benediktinerkollegium, Cod. chart. 215, fols. 59v-66r
St Gall, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 506, fols. 2r-27v, 42r-54r
Rastatt, Historische Bibliothek der Stadt im Ludwig-Wilhelm-Gymnasium, Cod. K 152, Hs 3, fols. 1r-55r
Eichstätt, Abtei St Walburg, Ms germ. 23, fols. 58r-60r
Freiburg im Breisgau, Universitätsbibliothek, Hs. 186, pp. 1-101, 134-154, 161-258
Other German Redaction of the Legatus
Karlsruhe, Badische Landesbibliothek, Cod. Lichtenthal 89, fols. 4r-758v
Trutta-Legend
Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. 3042, fols. 405ra-419vb
Graz, Universitätsbibliothek, Ms. 64, fols. 389rb-404ra
Graz, Universitätsbibliothek, Ms. 75, fols. 237rb-246rb
Klosterneuburg, Stiftsbibliothek, cod. 711, fols. 460va-477rb
Pécs, Klimo Könyvtàr Bibliothek, AA. II. 21, fols. 450rb-466vb
Leipzig Legatus
Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek, Ms 827, fols. 25v-148r
Legatus divinæ pietatis, also 'Standard' Legatus
Bonn, Universitätsbibliothek, S 726, fols. 361ra-364vb
Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 15332
Trier, Stadtbibliothek, Cod. 77/1061, fols. 1r-135r
Cambridge, MA, Houghton Library, Ms. Riant 90, fols. 71r-182v
Moscow, Rossijskaja Gosudarstvennaya Biblioteka, Fonds 183/281, fols. 181r-183v
Würzburg, Universitätsbibliothek, M. ch. f. 241, fols. 113v-129v
Mainz, Stadtbibliothek, Hs I 13, fols. 136ra-225va
Darmstadt, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, Hs 84, fols. 27v-176v
Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Ms. theol. lat. oct. 89, fol. 201r
Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. 4224, fols. 83r-282v
Weimar, Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek, Q 49, fols. 163r-208v
Uppsala, Universitetsbibliotek, Cod. C 517m, fols. 30v-173v
Augsburg, Staats- und Stadtbibliothek, 8 Cod. 203, fols. 55r-57v
Prayers from Legatus II, 4
Darmstadt, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, Hs 2772, fols. 61r, 90r
Munich, Universitätsbibliothek, 8 Cod. ms. 193, fol. 75v
St Gall, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 519, pp. 77-78
Weimar, Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek, Oct 52, fol. 224v
Weimar, Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek, Oct 62, fol. 54v
Frankfurt, Universitätsbibliothek, ms. Praed. 169, fol. 315r
Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale, Cod. 21600 (1639), fol. 146v
Appendix II Transcriptions and Translations
Note on the Transcriptions and Translations
Carnival Prayers
Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 861
Benefits of Contemplating the Passion
London, University College, MS Germ. 24
Translations
Carnival Prayers
Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 861
Benefits of Contemplating the Passion
London, University College, MS Germ. 24
Notes
Introduction
1 The Helfta Scriptorium
2 Redactions within a Dynamic Textuality
3 Manuscript Transmission History
4 The Book's Self-Reflectivity
5 The Scriptorial Heart
6 Imaginary Textiles
Final Remarks
Manuscript Transmission with Catalogues
Transcriptions and Translations
Bibliography
Primary Sources
Manuscripts
Archival Materials
Printed Sources
Secondary Sources
Index