Designed to introduce senior undergraduates and graduate students in public health and nursing to the study of infectious disease, Foundations of Infectious Disease: A Public Health Perspective places the study of infectious diseases squarely into its social, historical, and scientific context to demonstrate how it applies to the public and community health setting. Beginning with an introductory chapter that surveys how infectious diseases have impacted human societies over the centuries, this broad descriptive text moves on to examine epidemiological concepts related to infectious disease, from outbreak and epidemic investigations, to study design infectious disease transmission and prevention. It then delves into the infectious disease topics of concern to today's public and community health professionals: sexually transmitted infections, foodborne infections, healthcare-acquired infections, and neglected tropical diseases. A final chapter looks at future trends in the field of infectious diseases. Key Features: - Each chapter provides discussions of the biology, transmission, clinical aspects, epidemiology, and prevention of specific diseases - Numerous text boxes, tables, full-color illustrations and real-world case studies of infectious disease investigations help clarify concepts and engage students. - Highlights of national and global research related to specific pathogens and the infectious diseases they cause are included in each chapter along with links to extensive references. - Learning objectives, key terms, and review questions provide guidance and reinforcement of concepts presented.
Author(s): David P Adams
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett
Year: 2019
Language: English
Pages: 984
Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication
Brief Contents
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
CHAPTER 1 Historical Perspectives
Introduction
Plague
Smallpox
Syphilis
Studying Infectious Diseases: Historical Roots
Early Attempts at Cure and Prevention of Infectious Diseases
Categorizing Infectious Diseases
19th-Century Theories of Disease Transmission
Quantifying Infectious Diseases
The Germ Theory of Disease
Vector-Borne Diseases
20th-Century Infectious Disease Initiatives
20th-Century Advances In Antimicrobial Drugs
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 2 Basics of Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Introduction
Key Concepts
Prevalence and Incidence
Diagnostic Screening Tests
Herd Immunity
Transmission and Distribution of Infectious Diseases
The Epidemiologic Triangle
Modeling Infectious Disease Transmission
Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics: Contributing Factors
Dynamic Models of Disease Transmission
The Structure of the Host Population
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 3 Study Designs
Introduction
Key Concepts
Target, Source, and Study Populations
Descriptive Studies
Analytical Studies
Meta-Analyses and Ecologic Studies
Randomized Controlled Trials
Measures of Association in Epidemiologic Studies
Internal and External Validity and Reliability of Study Results
Confounding and Bias
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 4 Infectious Disease Prevention
Introduction
Key Concepts
Vaccines
Types of Vaccines
Other Vaccine Issues
The Public Health Impact of Vaccines
Vaccines and Infectious Disease Eradication
Infectious Disease Prevention at the Individual Level: The Importance of Handwashing
Prevention of Foodborne Infections
Prevention of Diarrheal Illness
Prevention of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases
Blood Donor Screening and Infectious Disease Prevention
Quarantine and Isolation in Infectious Disease Prevention
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 5 Investigating Infectious Disease Outbreaks
Introduction
Key Concepts
Infectious Disease Surveillance
The Starting Point
Planning an Outbreak Investigation
Choosing a Study Design
Person, Place, and Time
Types of Outbreaks
The Role of the Laboratory in Infectious Disease Investigations
Environmental Assessments
Communication of Findings
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 6 The Immune System and Infectious Disease
Introduction
Key Concepts
Overview of Innate and Adaptive Immune Defenses
Phagocytosis
Thanks for the Complement
Complement–Phagocyte Synergism and the Acute Inflammatory Response
Interferons
Innate Lymphoid Cells
Enter the Eosinophils
Adaptive Immune Responses and the Importance of Specificity
The Structure and Function of Antibodies
T Cell Activation and Antigen- Presenting Cells
Memory, the Immunological Sort
Controlling the Immune Response
Collectins and Ficolins
You Give Me Fever
Natural Killer Cells
More on Phagocytosis: Surround, Dispatch, and Absorb
Cytokines: Their Role in Infection Control and Disease
Antibody-Mediated Immune Response
Cell-Mediated Host Immunity
The Downside of the Host Immune Response
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 7 Prion Infections
Introduction
Key Concepts
Sheep Scrapie
Kuru
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 8 Viral Infections
Introduction
Key Concepts
Influenza
Measles
Hepatitis B
Ebola
Zika Virus
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 9 HIV/AIDS
Introduction
Key Concepts
Transmission of HIV
Clinical Aspects of HIV/AIDS
Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS
Prevention of HIV/AIDS
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 10 Bacterial Infections
Introduction
Key Concepts
Classification of Bacteria
Antibiotic Resistance
Tuberculosis
Cholera
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 11 Parasitic Infections
Introduction
Key Concepts
Types of Parasites
Types of Hosts
Modes of Transmission
Protozoal Infection: Malaria
Protozoal Infection: Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis)
Protozoal Infection: Human African Trypanosomiasis
Protozoal Infection: Cryptosporidiosis
Helminthic Infections
Trematode Infection: Schistosomiasis
Nematode Infection: Hookworm
Nematode Infection: Lymphatic Filariasis
Nematode Infection: Onchocerciasis (Non-lymphatic Filariasis)
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 12 Foodborne Infections
Introduction
Key Concepts
Food Safety Standards in the United States
Foodborne Salmonella spp. Infections
Foodborne Clostridium perfringens Infections
Foodborne Clostridium botulinum Infections
Foodborne Listeria monocytogenes Infections
Foodborne Trichinella spp. Infections
Foodborne Taenia Solium Infections
Foodborne Norovirus Infections
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 13 Sexually Transmitted Infections
Introduction
Key Concepts
Chlamydia trachomatis as an STI
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections
Syphilis
Chancroid Ulcers
Oral and Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infections
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infections
Behavioral Models and STI Prevention
Addressing High-Risk Sexual Behaviors
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 14 Healthcare- Acquired Infections
Introduction
Key Concepts
Historical Overview of HAIs
Why Do HAIs Occur?
Common Etiologies of HAIs
HAI Surveillance in the United States
Risk Factors for HAIs
Transmission Routes of HAIs
CDC and NHSN Categories of HAIs
Emerging HAIs
Viral HAIs
Fungal HAIs
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 15 Neglected Tropical Diseases
Introduction
Key Concepts
Buruli Ulcer
Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV)
Chromoblastomycosis
Dengue Fever
Foodborne Trematodiases: Clonorchiasis, Opisthorchiasis, Fascioliasis, and Paragonimiasis
Dracunculiasis (Guinea-Worm Disease)
Leishmaniasis
Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease)
Mycetoma
Rabies
Ocular Trachoma
Yaws
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
CHAPTER 16 Future Trends
Introduction
Key Concepts
Global Preparedness for Emerging Infectious Disease Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics
Global Warming, Climate Change, and Infectious Diseases
Conclusion
Key Terms
Review Questions
Bibliography
Glossary
Index
