This book summarizes the new major research findings about formation mechanism and control strategies of haze in China, including basic theories, key technologies, equipment and platforms and the applications and implementations of control technologies, in implementing the Strategic Priority Research Program (Class B) of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Different types of air pollution processes experienced by the developed countries in different stages are out-breaking simultaneously in China in the recent years and resulting a new type of “haze chemistry smog” pollution, which is different from the “London smog” and the “Los Angeles photochemical smog”. This book provides a useful reference for related researchers, engineers and policy-makers engaged in atmospheric pollution research, prevention and control in China and other countries.
Author(s): Hong He, Xinming Wang, Yuesi Wang, Zifa Wang, Jianguo Liu, Yunfa Chen
Series: Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China, 66
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 262
City: Singapore
Foreword
Preface
Contents
Contributors
Introduction
1 Atmospheric Haze Pollution in China and Research Background
2 Content of Program
3 Results of Program
4 Outlook
Atmospheric Oxidation and Secondary Particle Formation
1 Regeneration Mechanism of OH Radicals
1.1 Establishment of a Technique for Measuring Atmospheric Radicals and Its Integrated Observation Experiment
1.2 Characterization of the Key Conversion Process of Radical Sources
1.3 Budget Closure Experiments on OH Radicals and Their Regeneration Mechanism
1.4 Normalized Analysis of Regeneration Mechanism of OH Radicals
1.5 Summary
2 Formation Mechanism of Secondary Particles
2.1 Process of Atmospheric Oxidation
2.2 Formation and Growth of Secondary Fine Particles
2.3 Moisture Absorption and Optical Properties of Fine Particles and Their Effects on Forming Haze
3 Formation of Secondary Aerosol from Typical Emission Sources
3.1 Chamber Simulation of Motor Vehicle Exhaust
3.2 Chamber Simulation of Biomass Burning
3.3 Chamber Simulation of Cooking Emission
4 Formation of Secondary Particles Under Combined Pollution Conditions
4.1 Formation of Secondary Particles Under Conditions of Coexisting SO2, NO2 and NH3
4.2 Simulation of NH3, SO2, and Motor Vehicle Exhaust Combined Pollution
4.3 Heterogeneous Reaction on the Surface of Black Carbon
References
Haze Source Tracing
1 Sources of Particulate Matter in the BTHR
2 Mechanism of Haze Formation in Beijing
3 Effects of Fog Formation on the Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Fine Particles
4 Development of the Source Resolution Receptor Model and Analysis of the Heavy Haze Process
5 Source Analysis of Aerosol PM2.5 in the BTHR
6 Establishment of the National Large Scale Haze Precursor Emission Inventory
6.1 Method of Establishing the Key Source Atmospheric Pollutant Emission Inventory
6.2 National Large Scale Emission Inventory of Haze Precursor
6.3 Spatial, Temporal, and Chemical Species Allocation of Emission Inventories
7 Multiscale Nested Emission Inventory of Haze Precursors with High Spatiotemporal Resolution and Key Source Identification
7.1 Coupling of the National Inventory and the Regional Inventory
7.2 Source Apportionment and Identification of Main Emission Sources in Each Region
8 Quantitative Analysis of Sources of Haze-Causing Particles in Beijing
8.1 Sensitivity Analysis of Pollutant Source Spectrum
8.2 Chemical Species Reconstruction of Particulate Matter
8.3 Beijing PM2.5 Pollution Source Analysis
8.4 Visualization of PM2.5 Source Analysis
References
Numerical Model of Atmospheric Haze
1 Numerical Model of Regional Atmospheric Haze
1.1 Research and Development of Multi-model Forecasting and Early Warning System for Atmospheric Haze
1.2 Research and Development of ChemDAS
1.3 Multi-model Ensemble Prediction Technology for Atmospheric Haze
1.4 Application Case of Ensemble Forecasting and Early Warning System for Atmospheric Haze
1.5 Procedures for Forecasting and Early Warning System for Atmospheric Haze
2 Studying PM2.5 Typical Sources in the Background Region Using the Radiocarbon Isotope Method
2.1 Establishing the Analytical Method of Carbon Components in PM2.5 Based on 14C
2.2 14C Source Analysis and PMF Model Validation
3 Quantitative Evaluation of Source Contribution of Important Components in PM2.5 in the BTHR
3.1 Regional Sources and Vertical Variations of PM2.5
3.2 Analysis of PM2.5 Industry Sources
References
Research and Development, Industrialization, and Application of Advanced Instruments
1 Development and Application of the Smog Chamber
1.1 Construction Scheme
1.2 Characterization of the Smog Chamber System
1.3 Research Applications of the Smog Chamber
2 Online Measurement Technology of Atmospheric Oxidation (HOx and NO3 Radicals)
2.1 LIF System Measuring HOx Radicals
2.2 Real-Time CRDS Detection System Monitoring Atmospheric NO3 Radicals
2.3 OP-DOAS System Monitoring NO3 Radicals
3 Lidar Detection Technology for Monitoring Atmospheric Fine Particles, Water Vapor, and Ozone
3.1 Atmospheric Fine Particle Lidar
3.2 Ozone Detection Lidar
3.3 Raman Water Vapor Lidar
References
Multi-pollutant Collaborative Treatment Technology and Special Equipment of Atmospheric Haze
1 Development of Key Materials
1.1 Preparation of Inorganic Materials for Particulate Removal
1.2 Preparation of Critical Catalytic Materials for VOC Treatment
1.3 Development of Catalyst for Regenerative Catalytic Oxidation of Special VOC
1.4 Development of Photocatalytic Purification Materials for Ambient Pollutants
2 Development of Functional Coupling Components
2.1 Components and Processes of High-Frequency Electrostatic-Fabric Integrated Dedusting Technology
2.2 Dust Removal Performance of External Field Reinforced Conductive Ceramic Tubes
2.3 Denitrification Performance of Fiber Ceramic Tubes Supporting Low-Temperature SCR Catalysts
3 Demonstration of Industrial Application of Multi-pollutant Coordinated Particular Treatment Device
3.1 Development and Application of a Charge-Strengthened Dust Removal Device
3.2 Test Results of Charge Strengthened Dust Removal Device
4 Effective Control Technology for Atmospheric Pollution Emission from Bulk Coal
Further Readings
Index
