This book reviews the most recent developments of fluorescent imaging techniques for medicinal chemistry research and biomedical applications, including cell imaging, in vitro diagnosis and in vivo imaging.
Fluorescent imaging techniques play an important role in basic research, drug discovery and clinical translation. They have great impact to many fields including chemical biology, cell biology, medical imaging, cancer diagnosis and treatment, pharmaceutical science, among others, and they have facilitated our understanding of diseases and helped to develop many novel powerful tools for imaging and treatment of diseases.
This book will appeal to scientists from numerous fields such as chemistry, pharmaceutical science, biology, materials science, and medicine, and it will serve as a very useful and handy resource for readers with different levels of scientific knowledge, ranging from entry level to professional level.
Author(s): Zhen Cheng (editor)
Series: Topics in Medicinal Chemistry (Vol. 34)
Edition: 1st ed. 2020
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2020
Language: English
Pages: 235
Preface
Contents
Fluorescence Molecular Imaging of Medicinal Chemistry in Cancer
1 Introduction
2 Imaging Probe
2.1 Fluorophores
2.1.1 Visible Light Imaging Fluorophores
2.1.2 NIR-I Imaging Fluorophores
2.1.3 NIR-II Imaging Fluorophores
2.2 Targeted Ligand of Fluorescent Probes
2.2.1 Estrogen Receptor-Targeted Fluorescent Probes
2.2.2 GLUT5 Transporter-Targeted Fluorescent Probes
2.2.3 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)-Targeted Fluorescence Probes
2.2.4 Folate Receptor-Targeted Fluorescent Probes
2.2.5 Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-Targeted Fluorescent Probes
2.2.6 Other Targeted Fluorescent Probes
3 Imaging Analysis
3.1 Photon Propagation Model
3.2 Forward Problem-Solving
3.3 Inverse Problem-Solving
4 Medical Application
4.1 Identification of Therapeutic Targets
4.2 Candidate Drug Screening
4.3 Tracking the Drug Biodistribution and Metabolism
4.4 Determination of Pharmacokinetics of Drugs
4.5 Fluorescence Prodrug Conjugates
5 Future Perspectives
References
Organic Fluorescent Probes for Diagnostics and Bio-Imaging
1 Introduction
2 Representative Organic Fluorophores
2.1 Cyanines
2.2 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA)
2.3 Methylene Blue
2.4 BODIPY
2.5 Rhodamine
2.6 NADH and FAD as Endogenous Fluorophores
2.7 Porphyrins, Phthalocyanines (Pcs), and Naphthalocyanines (Ncs) and Their Nanosystems
2.8 Antibody Conjugates
3 Biological Applications
3.1 Imaging-Guided Surgery
3.2 Thiol Detection
3.3 pH Imaging
3.4 Cancer Imaging
3.5 Bacterial Imaging
4 Prospective and Conclusions
References
Inorganic Fluorescent Nanomaterials
1 Overview
2 Quantum Dots
3 Anti-Stokes Shift Luminescent Nanoparticles
4 Carbon Dots, Porous Silicon Nanoparticles, and Au Nanoclusters
5 Nano-diamond and Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles
6 Dye-Doped Inorganic Nanoparticles (Calcium Phosphate, Silica)
7 Conclusion
References
Advancements of Second Near-Infrared Biological Window Fluorophores: Mechanism, Synthesis, and Application In Vivo
1 Introduction
2 Organic Dyes
2.1 Mechanism of NIR-II Emission
2.2 Synthesis Strategy
2.3 Application In Vivo
3 RENPs
3.1 Mechanism of NIR-II Emission
3.2 Synthesis Strategy
3.3 Application In Vivo
4 QDs
4.1 Mechanism of NIR-II Emission
4.2 Synthesis Strategy
4.3 Application In Vivo
5 SWCNTs
5.1 Mechanism of NIR-II Emission
5.2 Synthesis Strategy
5.3 Application In Vivo
6 Perspective
7 Conclusions
References
X-Ray Excited Fluorescent Materials for Medical Application
1 Introduction
2 Combination of XFCT or XLCT with Transmission CT Imaging
3 Imaging and Instrumental Specifications
4 Scatter and Attenuation Correction
5 Contrast Agents
5.1 Exogenous Contrast Agents
5.2 Metal-Based Therapeutic Agents
5.3 Endogenous Trace Elements
5.4 X-Ray Luminescent Contrast Agents
6 Comparison to Other Imaging Modalities
7 Imaging Modes
7.1 Pencil-Beam XFCT
7.2 Compton Camera XFCT
7.3 Fan-Beam and Volumetric Imaging Modes
7.4 High-Resolution 2D Imaging
7.5 Coded-Aperture Compressed XLCT
7.6 XFCT with Polarized X-Ray
8 Figures of Merit for Performance Analysis
9 Potential of Clinical X-Ray Excited Imaging
References
Applications of Fluorescent Protein-Based Sensors in Bioimaging
1 Introduction
2 Fluorescent Biosensors and Evolution of Fluorescent Protein Palette
3 Genetically Encoded Sensors (GES)
3.1 Intrinsic Environment-Sensitive Fluorescent Protein Biosensor (Single FP-Based Sensors)
3.1.1 Fluorescent Biosensors as Tool for Detection of Intracellular Ion Concentrations
3.2 Fluorescent Protein Complementation (Split Fluorescent Proteins) Sensors
3.2.1 Sensors Fused with Intermediate Recognition Domains from Target Proteins for Designing the Biosensors
3.2.2 Biosensors Designed Using Circularly Permuted FPs
3.3 FRET Sensors
3.3.1 Types of FRET Biosensors
3.3.2 Cleavage-Based FRET Biosensors
3.3.3 Conformational Change-Based FRET Biosensors
3.3.4 Mechanical Force-Based FRET Biosensors
3.3.5 FRET Sensors for Assessing Microenvironmental Changes
3.4 Translocation Sensors/Assays
4 Advances in Biosensors for Animal Imaging
5 Drawbacks Associated with the Use of Fluorescent Proteins in Biosensors
6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
References
Fluorescent Probes for Diagnostics of β-Galactosidase: From Micro to Macro
1 Introduction
2 Fluorescent Probe for β-Galactosidase Activity Detection
2.1 Fluorescent Probe Based on Coumarins, Fluoresceins, and Rhodamines
2.2 NIR Fluorescent Probe
2.3 ESIPT and AIE Fluorescent Probes
3 Nanomaterial for β-Galactosidase Activity Detection
3.1 Thiolated Copper Nanoclusters (CuNCs) and Silica Nanoclusters
3.2 Carbon Quantum Dots
4 Targeted Fluorescent Probes for β-Galactosidase Detection
5 Conclusion and Prospective
References
The Present and Future of Optical Imaging Technologies in the Clinic: Diagnosis and Therapy
1 Introduction
2 Diagnostic Endoscopic Imaging
3 Optical Imaging in Interventional Procedures
4 Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging and Therapy
References
Index
