Fluorescent analogs of biomolecular building blocks : design and applications

Content: Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
List of Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1 Fluorescence Spectroscopy
1.1 Fundamentals of Fluorescence Spectroscopy
1.2 Common Fluorescence Spectroscopy Techniques
1.2.1 Steady-State Fluorescence Spectroscopy
1.2.2 Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy
1.2.3 Fluorescence Anisotropy
1.2.4 Resonance Energy Transfer and Quenching
1.2.5 Fluorescence Microscopy and Single Molecule Spectroscopy
1.2.6 Fluorescence-Based in vivo Imaging
1.3 Summary and Perspective
References Chapter 2 Naturally Occurring and Synthetic Fluorescent Biomolecular Building Blocks2.1 Introduction
2.2 Naturally Occurring Emissive Biomolecular Building Blocks
2.3 Synthetic Fluorescent Analogs of Biomolecular Building Blocks
2.3.1 Synthetic Emissive Analogs of Membranes Constituents
2.3.2 Synthetic Emissive Analogs of Amino Acids
2.3.3 Synthetic Emissive Analogs of Nucleosides
2.4 Summary and Perspective
References
Chapter 3 Polarized Spectroscopy with Fluorescent Biomolecular Building Blocks
3.1 Transition Moments
3.2 Linear Dichroism
3.3 Magnetic Circular Dichroism 3.4 Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)3.5 Fluorescence Anisotropy
3.6 Fluorescent Nucleobases
3.7 Fluorescent Peptide Chromophores
3.8 Site-Specific Linear Dichroism (SSLD)
3.9 Single-Molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET)
3.10 Single-Molecule Fluorescence-Detected Linear Dichroism (smFLD)
References
Chapter 4 Fluorescent Proteins: The Show Must go on!
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Historical Survey
4.3 Photophysical Properties
4.3.1 Absorption Properties and Color Hue Modification
4.3.2 Chromophore Formation
4.3.3 Fluorescence Color and Dynamics 4.3.4 Directional Properties along with Optical Transitions4.3.5 Energy Transfer and Energy Migration
4.4 Photochemical Reactions
4.4.1 Excited-state Proton Transfer (ESPT)
4.4.2 Isomerization Reactions: Reversible Photoswitching
4.4.3 Photoconversion: Irreversible Bond Rupture
4.4.4 Other Photochemical Reactions
4.5 Ion Sensitivity
4.5.1 Ground-State Equilibria of Protonation States
4.5.2 Quenching by Small Ions
4.6 Relation Microscopy-Spectroscopy for Fluorescent Proteins
4.6.1 Brightness Alteration from Cuvette to Microscopic Experiments
4.6.2 Lessons from Microspectrometry 4.6.3 Tools for Advanced Microscopic Techniques4.7 Prospects and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5 Design and Application of Autofluorescent Proteins by Biological Incorporation of Intrinsically Fluorescent Noncanonical Amino Acids
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent Building Blocks in Proteins
5.2.1 Extrinsic Fluorescent Labels
5.2.2 Intrinsic Fluorescent Labels
5.2.3 Extrinsic Labels Chemically Ligated using Cycloaddition Chemistry
5.2.4 Modification of the Genetic Code to Incorporate ncAAs
5.3 Application of Fluorescent Building Blocks in Proteins