This volume covers the vascular floras of Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island. Volume 50 deals with Australia’s remaining island territories — Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Island, Ashmore Reef and Cartier Island (all in the Indian Ocean); the Coral Sea Islands in the Pacific; and Macquarie Island, Heard Island and McDonald Island in the Southern Ocean.
Norfolk Island
Lying almost exactly between New Caledonia and New Zealand, and about 625 km from each, Norfolk Island has a notable place in Australian history, firstly for its two periods of convict settlement and then as the new home for the Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers. Its most famous plant is undoubtedly the Norfolk Island Pine (Araucaria heterophylla), extensively planted near the coast in mainland Australia. Although much of the island has been cleared, the Norfolk Island National Park protects about one fifth of the area of the island.
Lord Howe Island
Since its discovery, the island has been less extensively cleared for human settlement and much of the original vegetation remains. The most famous plant export from Lord Howe Island is the Kentia Palm (Howea forsteriana). Lord Howe Island is on the World Heritage List: as well as its high level of endemic flora and its outstanding scenery it is the site of the world’s most southerly coral reef.
For each island there is an introduction to the geography, physical features, climate, vegetation, fauna and history of human occupation. A checklist of the vascular plants recorded on each island follows. A combined key to the families present on either or both islands is provided. Species are arranged in a single family sequence to avoid duplication of description of the large number of species present on both islands. Sixteen pages of colour plates and numerous black and white drawings aid identification and highlight the beauty of the islands.
Of the islands’ native plant species, about 44% are endemic on one or both islands.
The text has been almost entirely written by Mr Peter Green, formerly Deputy Keeper at the Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Other contributors are R.O.Belcher (Senecio), J.B.Williams (Parsonsia) and M.D.Tindale (Phymatosorus). Eight illustrators and five photographers from Australia, England, New Zealand and Norfolk Island have also contributed to the volume.
This volume covers 136 families and 703 species. Two new taxa are described and 1 lectotypification is made.
Series: Flora Of Australia (vol. 49)
Publisher: Australian Government Pub. Service
Year: 1994
Language: English
Pages: 681
Tags: Oceanic islands,
Cover
Front flap
Front endpaper
Frontispiece
Title page
Copyright information
Dedication to Ru Hoogland
Contents
CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 49
ILLUSTRATORS
PHOTOGRAPHERS
FLORA EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
COMMITTEE MEMBERS
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
INTRODUCTION
Scope and presentation of the Flora
Acknowledgments (ABRS)
Acknowledgments (Peter Green)
Colour block 1
NORFOLK ISLAND & LORD HOWE ISLAND
NORFOLK ISLAND
VEGETATION
NORFOLK ISLAND SPECIES LIST
LORD HOWE ISLAND
VEGETATION
LORD HOWE ISLAND SPECIES LIST
CONSERVATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
KEY TO FAMILIES
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
DICOTYLEDONAE
1. WINTERACEAE
ZYGOGYNUM
Zygogynum howeanum
2. LAURACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CRYPTOCARYA
1. Cryptocarya gregsonii
2. Cryptocarya triplinervis
2. CINNAMOMUM
*Cinnamomum camphora
3. PIPERACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. MACROPIPER
1. Macropiper excelsum
2. Macropiper hooglandii
2. PEPEROMIA
1. Peperomia tetraphylla
2. Peperomia urvilleana
4. RANUNCULACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CLEMATIS
1. Clematis dubia
2. Clematis glycinoides
2. RANUNCULUS
1. *Ranunculus repens
2. *Ranunculus muricatus
3. *Ranunculus parviflorus
4. *Ranunculus sessiliflorus
5. MENISPERMACEAE
STEPHANIA
Stephania japonica var. timoriensis
6. PAPAVERACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ARGEMONE
*Argemone subfusiformis
2. PAPAVER
1.*Papaver somniferum
2.*Papaver rhoeas
7. FUMARIACEAE
FUMARIA
1. *Fumaria muralis
2. *Fumaria bastardii
8. ULMACEAE
CELTIS
1. Celtis paniculata
2. Celtis conferta
9. MORACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. STREBLUS
Streblus pendulinus
2. TROPHIS
Trophis scandens
3. MORUS
*Morus alba
4. FICUS
Ficus macrophylla
10. URTICACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. URTICA
*Urtica urens
2. PILEA
*Pilea microphylla
3. ELATOSTEMA
1. Elatostema grande
2. Elatostema montanum
4. BOEHMERIA
1. Boehmeria australis
2. Boehmeria calophleba
3. *Boehmeria nivea
5. PARIETARIA
Parietaria debilis
11. CASUARINACEAE
CASUARINA
*Casuarina glauca
12. PHYTOLACCACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PHYTOLACCA
*Phytolacca octandra
2. RIVINA
*Rivina humilis
13. NYCTAGINACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. MIRABILIS
*Mirabilis jalapa
2. BOERHAVIA
Boerhavia tetrandra
3. PISONIA
Pisonia brunoniana
14. AIZOACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CARPOBROTUS
Carpobrotus glaucescens
2. TETRAGONIA
1. Tetragonia implexicoma
2. Tetragonia tetragonioides
3. SESUVIUM
Sesuvium portulacastrum
15. CHENOPODIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ATRIPLEX
1. *Atriplex prostrata
2. *Atriplex semibaccata
3. Atriplex cinerea
2. CHENOPODIUM
1. *Chenopodium album
2. *Chenopodium murale
3. *Chenopodium ambrosioides
3. SARCOCORNIA
Sarcocornia quinqueflora
16. AMARANTHACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. AMARANTHUS
*Amaranthus blitum
2. ACHYRANTHES
1. Achyranthes arborescens
2. Achyranthes aspera
3. ALTERNANTHERA
*Alternanthera sessilis
17. PORTULACACEAE
PORTULACA
*Portulaca oleracea
18. BASELLACEAE
ANREDERA
*Anredera cordifolia
19. CARYOPHYLLACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ARENARIA
*Arenaria serpyllifolia
2. STELLARIA
*Stellaria media
3. CERASTIUM
1. *Cerastium fontanum
2.* Cerastium glomeratum
4. SAGINA
*Sagina apetala
5. PARONYCHIA
*Paronychia brasiliana
6. POLYCARPON
*Polycarpon tetraphyllum
7. SILENE
*Silene gallica
8. PETRORHAGIA
*Petrorhagia velutina
20. POLYGONACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PERSICARIA
Persicaria decipiens
2. FALLOPIA
*Fallopia convolvulus
3. MUEHLENBECKIA
1. Muehlenbeckia australis
2. Muehlenbeckia complexa
4. RUMEX
1. *Rumex conglomeratus
2. *Rumex crispus
3. *Rumex brownii
21. PLUMBAGINACEAE
PLUMBAGO
Plumbago zeylanica
22. OCHNACEAE
OCHNA
*Ochna serrulata
CLUSIACEAE
23. ELAEOCARPACEAE
ELAEOCARPUS
Elaeocarpus costatus
24. TILIACEAE
TRIUMFETTA
*Triumfetta rhomboidea
25. STERCULIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. UNGERIA
1. Ungeria floribunda
2. BRACHYCHITON
*Brachychiton acerifolius
26. MALVACEAE
Key to Genera
1. MALVA
*Malva parviflora
2. MALVASTRUM
*Malvastrum coromandelianum
3. SIDA
1. *Sida carpinifolia
2. *Sida rhombifolia
4. ABUTILON
1. Abutilon julianae
2. *Abutilon grandifolium
5. MODIOLA
*Modiola caroliniana
6. PAVONIA
*Pavonia hastata
7. HIBISCUS
1. Hibiscus tiliaceus
2. Hibiscus diversifolius
3.* Hibiscus mutabilis
4. *Hibiscus pedunculatus
5. Hibiscus insularis
8. LAGUNARIA
Lagunaria patersonia subsp. patersonia
27. FLACOURTIACEAE
XYLOSMA
1. Xylosma parvifolium
2. Xylosma maidenii
28. VIOLACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. MELICYTUS
1. Melicytus ramiflorus
2. Melicytus novae-zelandae
3. Melicytus latifolius
2. VIOLA
Viola betonicifolia
29. FRANKENIACEAE
FRANKENIA
*Frankenia pulverulenta
30. PASSIFLORACEAE
1. Passiflora aurantia
2. Passiflora herbertiana subsp. insulae-howei
*Passiflora edulis
31. CUCURBITACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. DIPLOCYCLOS
Diplocyclos palmatus
2. ZEHNERIA
Zehneria baueriana
3. CUCUMIS
*Cucumis anguria
32. CAPPARACEAE
4. SICYOS
Sicyos australis
32. CAPPARACEAE
Capparis nobilis
33. BRASSICACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. BRASSICA
1. *Brassica napus
2. *Brassica juncea
2. RAPISTRUM
*Rapistrum rugosum
3. CAKILE
*Cakile edentula
4. LEPIDIUM
1. Lepidium howei-insulae
2. Lepidium nesophilum
3. *Lepidium bonariense
4. *Lepidium africanum
5. CORONOPUS
*Coronopus didymus
6. CAPSELLA
*Capsella bursa-pastoris
7. LOBULARIA
*Lobularia maritima
8. CARDAMINE
*Cardamine hirsuta
9. RORIPPA
*Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum
10. MATTHIOLA
Matthiola incana
11. SISYMBRIUM
1. *Sisymbrium officinale
2. *Sisymbrium orientale
34. EPACRIDACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. LEUCOPOGON
Leucopogon parviflorus
2. DRACOPHYLLUM
Dracophyllum fitzgeraldii
35. SAPOTACEAE
POUTERIA
1. Pouteria costata
2. Pouteria myrsinoides
EBENACEAE
36. SYMPLOCACEAE
SYMPLOCOS
Symplocos candelabrum
37. MYRSINACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. AEGICERAS
Aegiceras corniculatum
2. RAPANEA
1. Rapanea ralstoniae
2. Rapanea myrtillina
3. Rapanea platystigma
4. Rapanea mccomishii
38. PRIMULACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ANAGALLIS
*Anagallis arvensis
2. SAMOLUS
Samolus repens
39. PITTOSPORACEAE
PITTOSPORUM
1. Pittosporum bracteolatum
2. Pittosporum erioloma
3. *Pittosporum crassifolium
4. *Pittosporum undulatum
40. CRASSULACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CRASSULA
Crassula sieberiana
2. BRYOPHYLLUM
*Bryophyllum pinnatum
41. ROSACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. RUBUS
*Rubus fruticosus
2. PRUNUS
*Prunus persica
3. DUCHESNEA
*Duchesnea indica
4. ERIOBOTRYA
*Eriobotrya japonica
5. RHAPHIOLEPIS
Rhaphiolepis umbellata
6. COTONEASTER
*Cotoneaster glaucophyllus
42. MIMOSACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ACACIA
1. *Acacia parramattensis
2. *Acacia dealbata
2. PARASERIANTHES
*Paraserianthes lophantha
43. CAESALPINIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CAESALPINIA
1. Caesalpinia bonduc
2. *Caesalpinia major
3. *Caesalpinia decapetala
2. SENNA
1. *Senna septemtrionalis
2.*Senna pendula
3. CHAMAECRISTA
*Chamaecrista rotundifolia
44. FABACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CASTANOSPERMUM
*Castanospermum australe
2. SOPHORA
Sophora howinsula
3. MILLETTIA
Millettia australis
4. INDIGOFERA
*Indigofera suffruticosa
5. DESMODIUM
1. *Desmodium incanum
2. *Desmodium tortuosum
6. ERYTHRINA
1. *Erythrina speciosa
2. *Erythrina caffra
3. *Erythrina × sykesii
7. MUCUNA
Mucuna gigantea
8. CANAVALIA
Canavalia rosea
9. PUERARIA
*Pueraria lobata
10. GLYCINE
*Glycine microphylla
11. LABLAB
*Lablab purpureus
12. VIGNA
Vigna marina
13. CARMICHAELIA
Carmichaelia exsul
14. STREBLORRHIZA
Streblorrhiza speciosa
15. LOTUS
*Lotus angustissimus
16. VICIA
1. *Vicia sativa
2. *Vicia hirsuta
3. *Vicia tetrasperma
17. LATHYRUS
*Lathyrus latifolius
18. MELILOTUS
*Melilotus indicus
19. MEDICAGO
1. *Medicago lupulina
2. *Medicago polymorpha
20. TRIFOLIUM
1.*Trifolium repens
2. *Trifolium glomeratum
3. *Trifolium campestre
4. *Trifolium dubium
5. *Trifolium subterraneum
21. CROTALARIA
*Crotalaria agatiflora
22. LUPINUS
*Lupinus cosentinii
23. TELINE
*Teline monspessulana
45. PROTEACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. GREVILLEA
*Grevillea robusta
2. HAKEA
1. *Hakea salicifolia
2. *Hakea sericea
46. LYTHRACEAE
LYTHRUM
*Lythrum hyssopifolia
47. THYMELAEACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PIMELEA
Pimelea congesta
2. WIKSTROEMIA
Wikstroemia australis
48. PUNICACEAE
PUNICA
*Punica granatum
49. ONAGRACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. EPILOBIUM
Epilobium billardierianum
2. OENOTHERA
1. *Oenothera affinis
2. *Oenothera stricta
3. *Oenothera drummondii
4. *Oenothera tetraptera
50. MYRTACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. LEPTOSPERMUM
Leptospermum polygalifolium subsp. howense
2. MELALEUCA
Melaleuca howeana
3. EUCALYPTUS
1. *Eucalyptus botryoides
2. *Eucalyptus fibrosa
4. METROSIDEROS
1. Metrosideros nervulosa
2. Metrosideros sclerocarpa
3. *Metrosideros kermadecensis
5. PSIDIUM
1. *Psidium guajava
2. *Psidium cattleianum
2a. Psidium cattleianum var. cattleianum
2b. Psidium cattleianum var. littorale
6. CLEISTOCALYX
Cleistocalyx fullagarii
7. EUGENIA
*Eugenia uniflora
51. GROSSULARIACEAE
COROKIA
Corokia carpodetoides
52. SANTALACEAE
EXOCARPOS
1. Exocarpos homalocladus
2. Exocarpos phyllanthoides
53. LORANTHACEAE
ILEOSTYLUS
Ileostylus micranthus
54. VISCACEAE
KORTHALSELLA
1. Korthalsella disticha
2. Korthalsella emersa
3. Korthalsella rubra
55. CELASTRACEAE
ELAEODENDRON
Elaeodendron curtipendulum
56. ICACINACEAE
PENNANTIA
Pennantia endlicheri
57. EUPHORBIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PHYLLANTHUS
*Phyllanthus tenellus
2. DRYPETES
Drypetes deplanchei
3. BALOGHIA
Baloghia inophylla
*Acalypha wilkesiana
5. RICINUS
*Ricinus communis
6. HOMALANTHUS
Homalanthus populifolius
7. EXCOECARIA
Excoecaria agallocha
8. EUPHORBIA
1. Euphorbia obliqua
2. Euphorbia psammogeton
3. *Euphorbia supina
4. *Euphorbia prostrata
5. *Euphorbia cyathophora
6. *Euphorbia peplus
7. Euphorbia norfolkiana
58. LINACEAE
1. *Linum trigynum
2. *Linum marginale
59. POLYGALACEAE
POLYGALA
*Polygala myrtifolia
60. MELIANTHACEAE
MELIANTHUS
*Melianthus major
61. SAPINDACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. GUIOA
Guioa coriacea
2. DODONAEA
Dodonaea viscosa
a. Dodonaea viscosa subsp. viscosa
b. Dodonaea viscosa subsp. burmanniana
62. ANACARDIACEAE
SCHINUS
*Schinus terebinthifolius
63. MELIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. MELIA
*Melia azedarach
2. DYSOXYLUM
1. Dysoxylum bijugum
2. Dysoxylum pachyphyllum
64. RUTACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. MELICOPE
1. Melicope contermina
2. Melicope littoralis
3. Melicope polybotrya
2. ZANTHOXYLUM
Zanthoxylum pinnatum
3. SARCOMELICOPE
Sarcomelicope simplicifolia
4. CITRUS
*Citrus jambhiri
65. OXALIDACEAE
OXALIS
1. *Oxalis debilis
2. Oxalis corniculata
66. GERANIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ERODIUM
*Erodium moschatum
2. GERANIUM
1. *Geranium molle
2. *Geranium dissectum
3. *Geranium solanderi
3. PELARGONIUM
*Pelargonium australe
67. TROPAEOLACEAE
TROPAEOLUM
*Tropaeolum majus
68. ARALIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. DELARBREA
*Delarbrea paradoxa
2. POLYSCIAS
Polyscias cissodendron
3. MERYTA
1. Meryta angustifolia
2. Meryta latifolia
4. TETRAPANAX
*Tetrapanax papyrifer
69. APIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. HYDROCOTYLE
1. Hydrocotyle hirta
2. *Hydrocotyle bonariensis
2. CENTELLA
*Centella asiatica
3. APIUM
1. Apium prostratum
2. *Apium graveolens
4. CICLOSPERMUM
*Ciclospermum leptophyllum
5. DAUCUS
*Daucus glochidiatus
6. TORILIS
*Torilis nodosa
70. LOGANIACEAE
GENIOSTOMA
1. Geniostoma huttonii
2. Geniostoma petiolosum
71. GENTIANACEAE
CENTAURIUM
*Centaurium tenuiflorum
72. APOCYNACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. MELODINUS
Melodinus baueri
2. ALYXIA
1. Alyxia lindii
2. Alyxia squamulosa
3. Alyxia ruscifolia
4. Alyxia gynopogon
3. OCHROSIA
Ochrosia elliptica
4. VINCA
*Vinca major
5. PARSONSIA
Parsonsia howeana
Colour block 2
73. ASCLEPIADACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. GOMPHOCARPUS
*Gomphocarpus physocarpus
2. TYLOPHORA
Tylophora biglandulosa
3. MARSDENIA
1. Marsdenia rostrata
2. Marsdenia tubulosa
74. SOLANACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. NICOTIANA
1. Nicotiana forsteri
2. *Nicotiana tabacum
2. PETUNIA
*Petunia × hybrida
3. LYCIUM
*Lycium ferocissimum
4. SOLANUM
1. *Solanum americanum
2. *Solanum nigrum
3. Solanum aviculare
4. *Solanum mauritianum
5. Solanum bauerianum
6. *Solanum linnaeanum
5. PHYSALIS
1. *Physalis peruviana
2. *Physalis ixocarpa
6. NICANDRA
*Nicandra physalodes
7. SOLANDRA
*Solandra maxima
8. BRUGMANSIA
*Brugmansia suaveolens
9. DATURA
*Datura stramonium
75. CONVOLVULACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. IPOMOEA
1. *Ipomoea alba
2. *Ipomoea cairica
3. *Ipomoea indica
4. Ipomoea pes-caprae
2. CALYSTEGIA
1. Calystegia affinis
2. Calystegia soldanella
3. DICHONDRA
Dichondra repens
76. BORAGINACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. LANTANA
*Lantana camara
2. VERBENA
1. *Verbena bonariensis
2 *Verbena brasiliensis
3. *Verbena litoralis
3. AVICENNIA
1. Avicennia marina
Doubtful records
KEY TO GENERA
1. ECHIUM
*Echium plantagineum
2. CYNOGLOSSUM
*Cynoglossum australe
77. VERBENACEAE
78. LAMIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PLECTRANTHUS
Plectranthus graveolens
2. MENTHA
1. *Mentha spicata
2. *Mentha × piperita
3. SALVIA
1. *Salvia coccinea
2. *Salvia verbenaca
4. PRUNELLA
*Prunella vulgaris
5. MARRUBIUM
*Marrubium vulgare
6. STACHYS
*Stachys arvensis
7. LAMIUM
*Lamium amplexicaule
8. WESTRINGIA
Westringia viminalis
79. PLANTAGINACEAE
PLANTAGO
1. *Plantago major
2. *Plantago lanceolata
3. Plantago hedleyi
4. *Plantago debilis
80. OLEACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. OLEA
1. *Olea europaea
2. Olea paniculata
2. CHIONANTHUS
Chionanthus quadristamineus
3. NESTEGIS
Nestegis apetala
4. LIGUSTRUM
1. *Ligustrum lucidum
2. *Ligustrum sinense
5. JASMINUM
1. Jasminum didymum
2. Jasminum simplicifolium
81. SCROPHULARIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. VERBASCUM
1. *Verbascum thapsus
2. *Verbascum virgatum
2. MISOPATES
*Misopates orontium
3. VERONICA
1. *Veronica plebeia
2. *Veronica persica
3. *Veronica arvensis
4. CALCEOLARIA
*Calceolaria tripartita
82. MYOPORACEAE
MYOPORUM
1. Myoporum obscurum
2. Myoporum insulare
83. OROBANCHACEAE
OROBANCHE
*Orobanche minor
84. GESNERIACEAE
NEGRIA
Negria rhabdothamnoides
85. ACANTHACEAE
HYPOESTES
*Hypoestes phyllostachya
86. BIGNONIACEAE
PANDOREA
Pandorea pandorana
87. CAMPANULACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. WAHLENBERGIA
1. Wahlenbergia gracilis
2. Wahlenbergia insulae-howei
2. PRATIA
*Pratia purpurascens
3. LOBELIA
Lobelia anc
88. GOODENIACEAE
SCAEVOLA
Scaevola taccada
89. RUBIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PENTAS
*Pentas lanceolata
2. ATRACTOCARPUS
Atractocarpus stipularis
3. COPROSMA
1. Coprosma prisca
2. Coprosma baueri
3. Coprosma pilosa
4. Coprosma lanceolaris
5. Coprosma huttoniana
6. Coprosma putida
7. Coprosma inopinata
4. COFFEA
1. *Coffea arabica
5. PSYCHOTRIA
Psychotria carronis
6. SHERARDIA
*Sherardia arvensis
7. RICHARDIA
*Richardia stellaris
90. CAPRIFOLIACEAE
LONICERA
*Lonicera japonica
91. VALERIANACEAE
CENTRANTHUS
*Centranthus ruber
92. ASTERACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CIRSIUM
*Cirsium vulgare
2. CARDUUS
*Carduus tenuiflorus
3. SILYBUM
*Silybum marianum
4. CENTAUREA
*Centaurea melitensis
5. HYPOCHAERIS
1. *Hypochaeris glabra
2. *Hypochaeris radicata
6. PICRIS
*Picris hieracioides
7. TRAGOPOGON
Tragopogon porrifolius
8. TARAXACUM
*Taraxacum officinale
9. LACTUCA
*Lactuca saligna
10. SONCHUS
1. *Sonchus oleraceus
2. *Sonchus as
3. *Sonchus megalocarpus
11. ARCTOTHECA
*Arctotheca calendula
12. PSEUDOGNAPHALIUM
Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum
13. GAMOCHAETA
*Gamochaeta purpurea
14. EUCHITON
Euchiton involucratus
15. FACELIS
*Facelis retusa
16. CASSINIA
Cassinia tenuifolia
17. ASTER
*Aster subulatus
18. ERIGERON
*Erigeron karvinskianus
19. CONYZA
1. *Conyza bonariensis
2. *Conyza sumatrensis
3. *Conyza parva
20. OLEARIA
1. Olearia ballii
2. Olearia mooneyi
3.Olearia elliptica
21. BRACHYSCOME
Brachyscome segmentosa
22. ARGYRANTHEMUM
*Argyranthemum frutescens
23. LEUCANTHEMUM
*Leucanthemum × superbum
24. SOLIVA
*Soliva pterosperma
25. COTULA
Cotula australis
26. ROLDANA
*Roldana petasitis
27. LORDHOWEA
Lordhowea insularis
28. DELAIREA
*Delairea odorata
29. SENECIO
1. *Senecio elegans
2. Senecio australis
3. Senecio pauciradiatus
4. Senecio evansianus
5. Senecio howeanus
6. Senecio hooglandii
30. ERECHTITES
*Erechtites valerianifolia
31. CRASSOCEPHALUM
*Crassocephalum crepidioides
32. CHRYSANTHEMOIDES
*Chrysanthemoides monilifera
33. WOLLASTONIA
Wollastonia biflora
34. SIGESBECKIA
*Sigesbeckia orientalis
35. BIDENS
*Bidens pilosa
36. GAILLARDIA
*Gaillardia × grandiflora
37. GALINSOGA
*Galinsoga parviflora
38. TAGETES
*Tagetes minut
39. AGERATUM
*Ageratum conyzoides
40. AGERATINA
1. *Ageratina adenophora
2. *Ageratina riparia
MONOCOTYLEDONAE
93. LIMNOCHARITACEAE
1. HYDROCLEYS
*Hydrocleys nymphoides
94. HYDROCHARITACEAE
HALOPHILA
Halophila ovalis
95. JUNCAGINACEAE
TRIGLOCHIN
Triglochin striata
96. ZOSTERACEAE
ZOSTERA
Zostera capricorni
97. ARECACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. HOWEA
1. Howea belmoreana
2. Howea forsteriana
2. LEPIDORRHACHIS
Lepidorrhachis mooreana
3. HEDYSCEPE
Hedyscepe canterburyana
4. RHOPALOSTYLIS
Rhopalostylis baueri
98. PANDANACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. FREYCINETIA
Freycinetia baueriana
2. PANDANUS
Pandanus forsteri
99. ARACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ZANTEDESCHIA
*Zantedeschia aethiopica
2. COLOCASIA
*Colocasia esculenta
3. XANTHOSOMA
*Xanthosoma sagittifolium
100. COMMELINACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. COMMELINA
Commelina cyanea
2. CALLISIA
*Callisia fragrans
3. TRADESCANTIA
1. *Tradescantia fluminensis
2. *Tradescantia zebrina
3. *Tradescantia spathacea
101. FLAGELLARIACEAE
FLAGELLARIA
Flagellaria indica
CENTROLEPIDACEAE
102. JUNCACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. JUNCUS
1. *Juncus pallidus
2. Juncus continuus
3. *Juncus aridicola
4. *Juncus articulatus
5. *Juncus bufonius
2. LUZULA
Luzula longiflora
103. CYPERACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CYPERUS
1. *Cyperus rotundus
2. *Cyperus eragrostis
3. *Cyperus involucratus
4. *Cyperus albostriatus
5. *Cyperus gracilis
6. Cyperus lucidus
2. PYCREUS
*Pycreus polystachyos
3. KYLLINGA
*Kyllinga brevifolia
4. ELEOCHARIS
Eleocharis acuta
5. BULBOSTYLIS
Bulbostylis densa
6. BOLBOSCHOENUS
Bolboschoenus fluviatilis
7. ISOLEPIS
1. Isolepis nodosa
2. Isolepis inundata
3. Isolepis sp.
8. SCHOENOPLECTUS
Schoenoplectus validus
9. MACHAERINA
Machaerina insularis
10. BAUMEA
Baumea juncea
11. GAHNIA
Gahnia xanthocarpa
12. UNCINIA
Uncinia debilior
13. CAREX
1. Carex inversa
2. Carex breviculmis
3. Carex brunnea
4. Carex neesiana
5. Carex pumila
104. POACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ARUNDINARIA
*Arundinaria simonii
2. MICROLAENA
Microlaena stipoides
3. STIPA
*Stipa ramosissima
4. LOLIUM
1. *Lolium perenne
2. *Lolium rigidum
2a. *Lolium rigidum Gaudin var. rigidum
2b. *Lolium rigidum var. rottboellioides
5. VULPIA
1. *Vulpia bromoides
2. *Vulpia myuros
6. BRIZA
1. *Briza maxima
2. *Briza minor
7. POA
1. *Poa ann
2. *Poa pratensis
3. Poa poiformis
8. DACTYLIS
*Dactylis glomerata
9. CATAPODIUM
*Catapodium rigidum
10. AVENA
1. *Avena barbata
2. *Avena sativa
3. *Avena byzantina
11. ROSTRARIA
*Rostraria cristata
12. AIRA
*Aira cupaniana
13. ANTHOXANTHUM
*Anthoxanthum odoratum
14. PHALARIS
1. *Phalaris minor
2. *Phalaris aquatica
3. *Phalaris canariensis
15. AGROSTIS
1. Agrostis aemula
2. Agrostis avenacea
3. *Agrostis gigantea
16. AMMOPHILA
*Ammophila arenaria
17. ECHINOPOGON
Echinopogon ovatus
18. DICHELACHNE
1. Dichelachne micrantha
2. Dichelachne crinita
19. LAGURUS
*Lagurus ovatus
20. POLYPOGON
*Polypogon monspeliensis
21. BROMUS
1. *Bromus diandrus
2. *Bromus catharticus
3. *Bromus hordeaceus
4. *Bromus scoparius
22. ELYMUS
1. Elymus multiflorus
2. Elymus rectisetus
23. HORDEUM
*Hordeum murinum
a. *Hordeum murinum subsp. glaucum
b. *Hordeum murinum subsp. leporinum
24. CHIONOCHLOA
Chionochloa howensis
25. RYTIDOSPERMA
1. Rytidosperma racemosum
2. Rytidosperma unarede
26. ARUNDO
*Arundo donax
27. PHRAGMITES
Phragmites australis
28. ERAGROSTIS
1. *Eragrostis cilianensis
2. *Eragrostis brownii
29. ELEUSINE
*Eleusine indica
30. SPOROBOLUS
1. Sporobolus virginicus
2. *Sporobolus africanus
31. LEPTURUS
Lepturus repens
32. CHLORIS
1. *Chloris gayana
2. *Chloris truncata
33. CYNODON
*Cynodon dactylon
34. OPLISMENUS
Oplismenus hirtellus
35. PANICUM
1. Panicum effusum
2. *Panicum maximum
36. ECHINOCHLOA
*Echinochloa crusgalli
37. PASPALUM
1. *Paspalum dilatatum
2. Paspalum scrobiculatum
3. Paspalum distichum
4. Paspalum vaginatum
38. AXONOPUS
1. *Axonopus fissifolius
2. *Axonopus compressus
39. SETARIA
1.*Setaria pumila
2. *Setaria verticillata
3. *Setaria palmifolia
40. STENOTAPHRUM
*Stenotaphrum secundatum
41. RHYNCHELYTRUM
*Rhynchelytrum repens
*Rhynchelytrum repens
42. MELINIS
*Melinis minutiflora
43. DIGITARIA
1. Digitaria setigera
2. *Digitaria violescens
3. *Digitaria ciliaris
4. *Digitaria sanguinalis
44. PENNISETUM
1. *Pennisetum clandestinum
2. *Pennisetum purpureum
45. CENCHRUS
Cenchrus caliculatus
46. SPINIFEX
Spinifex sericeus
47. IMPERATA
*Imperata cylindrica
48. SORGHUM
*Sorghum arundinaceum
49. BOTHRIOCHLOA
*Bothriochloa macra
50. CYMBOPOGON
Cymbopogon refractus
51. ROTTBOELLIA
*Rottboellia coelorachis
105. TYPHACEAE
TYPHA
1. Typha orientalis
2. Typha domingensis
MUSACEAE
106. CANNACEAE
CANNA
1. *Canna indica
2. *Canna × generalis
107. PONTEDERIACEAE
EICHHORNIA
*Eichhornia crassipes
108. LILIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ASPARAGUS
1.*Asparagus asparagoides
2.*Asparagus aethiopicus
3.*Asparagus plumosus
2. DIANELLA
Dianella intermedia
3. CHLOROPHYTUM
*Chlorophytum comosum
4. NOTHOSCORDUM
*Nothoscordum borbonicum
5. AGAPANTHUS
*Agapanthus praecox subsp. orientalis
6. CRINUM
Crinum asiaticum
7.HIPPEASTRUM
*Hippeastrum puniceum
8. NARCISSUS
*Narcissus tazetta
9. ALSTROEMERIA
*Alstroemeria pulchella
10. GLORIOSA
*Gloriosa superba
11. LILIUM
*Lilium formosanum
109. IRIDACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. SISYRINCHIUM
*Sisyrinchium micranthum
2. DIETES
Dietes robinsoniana
3. HOMERIA
*Homeria flaccida
4. FERRARIA
*Ferraria crispa
5. ROMULEA
*Romulea rosea
6. GLADIOLUS
Gladiolus × hortulanus
7. ANOMATHECA
*Anomatheca la
8. TRITONIA
*Tritonia lineata
9. CROCOSMIA
*Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora
110. ALOACEAE
ALOE
1. *Aloe maculata
2. *Aloe ciliaris
111. AGAVACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. AGAVE
*Agave americana
2. FURCRAEA
*Furcraea foetida
3. PHORMIUM
Phormium tenax
4. SANSEVIERA
*Sanseviera trifasciata
5. CORDYLINE
Cordyline obtecta
112. SMILACACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. SMILAX
Smilax australis
2. GEITONOPLESIUM
Geitonoplesium cymosum
113. ORCHIDACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. TROPIDIA
1. Tropidia viridifusca
2. PTEROSTYLIS
1. Pterostylis curta
2. Pterostylis obtusa
3. Pterostylis pedunculata
3. CORYBAS
Corybas barbarae
4. MICROTIS
Microtis unifolia
5. CALANTHE
Calanthe triplicata
6. OBERONIA
Oberonia titania
7. PHREATIA
1. Phreatia limenophylax
2. Phreatia paleata
8. DENDROBIUM
1. Dendrobium macropus
1a. Dendrobium macropus subsp. macropus
1b. Dendrobium macropus subsp. howeanum
2. Dendrobium moorei
3. Dendrobium brachypus
9. BULBOPHYLLUM
Bulbophyllum argyropus
10. PLECTORRHIZA
Plectorrhiza erecta
11. TAENIOPHYLLUM
Taeniophyllum muelleri
PINOPHYTA
114. ARAUCARIACEAE
ARAUCARIA
Araucaria heterophylla
115. CUPRESSACEAE
CUPRESSUS
*Cupressus lusitanica
PTERIDOPHYTA
116. PSILOTACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PSILOTUM
Psilotum nudum
2. TMESIPTERIS
1. Tmesipteris norfolkensis
2. Tmesipteris truncata
117. LYCOPODIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. HUPERZIA
Huperzia varia
2. LYCOPODIELLA
Lycopodiella cernua
Doubtful record
118. SELAGINELLACEAE
SELAGINELLA
*Selaginella kraussiana
Doubtful record
119. OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. OPHIOGLOSSUM
1. Ophioglossum reticulatum
2. Ophioglossum petiolatum
3. Ophioglossum coriaceum
4. Ophioglossum pendulum
2. BOTRYCHIUM
Botrychium australe
120. MARATTIACEAE
MARATTIA
1.Marattia salicina
2.Marattia howeana
121. OSMUNDACEAE
LEPTOPTERIS
Leptopteris moorei
SCHIZAEACEAE
122. HYMENOPHYLLACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. HYMENOPHYLLUM
1. Hymenophyllum howense
2. Hymenophyllum moorei
2. CREPIDOMANES
1. Crepidomanes endlicherianum
2. Crepidomanes saxifragoides
3. CEPHALOMANES
1. Cephalomanes atro
2. Cephalomanes bauerianum
123. ADIANTACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. ADIANTUM
1. Adiantum aethiopicum
2. Adiantum diaphanum
3. Adiantum pubescens
4. Adiantum hispidulum
Doubtful records
2. CHEILANTHES
1. Cheilanthes sieberi
2. Cheilanthes distans
3. PELLAEA
1. Pellaea falcata
2. Pellaea paradoxa
Doubtful record
124. VITTARIACEAE
VITTARIA
Vittaria elongata
125. PTERIDACEAE
PTERIS
1. Pteris kingiana
2. Pteris tremula
3. Pteris microptera
4. Pteris zahlbruckneriana
126. GLEICHENIACEAE
STICHERUS
Sticherus lobatus
127.POLYPODIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PLATYCERIUM
Platycerium bifurcatum
2. PYRROSIA
Pyrrosia confluens
3. PHYMATOSORUS
1. Phymatosorus pustulatus
1a. Phymatosorus pustulatus subsp. pustulatus
1b. Phymatosorus pustulatus subsp. howensis
2. Phymatosorus scandens
128. GRAMMITIDACEAE
GRAMMITIS
1. Grammitis diminuta
2. Grammitis nudicarpa
3. Grammitis wattsii
129. CYATHEACEAE
CYATHEA
1. Cyathea australis
2. Cyathea macarthurii
3. Cyathea howeana
4. Cyathea brevipinna
5. Cyathea robusta
6. Cyathea brownii
Doubtful record
130. THELYPTERIDACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. CHRISTELLA
1. Christella dentata
2. Christella parasitica
2. MACROTHELYPTERIS
Macrothelypteris torresiana
131. DENNSTAEDTIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. HISTIOPTERIS
Histiopteris incisa
2. HYPOLEPIS
1. Hypolepis dicksonioides
2. Hypolepis tenuifolia
3. Hypolepis elegans
3. PTERIDIUM
1. Pteridium esculentum
Doubtful record
LINDSAEACEAE
132. ASPLENIACEAE
ASPLENIUM
1. Asplenium australasicum
1a. Asplenium australasicum f. australasicum
1b. Asplenium australasicum f. robinsonii
2. Asplenium milnei
3. Asplenium difforme
4. Asplenium surrogatum
5. Asplenium polyodon
6. Asplenium pteridoides
7. Asplenium dimorphum
Doubtful record
133. ATHYRIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. DIPLAZIUM
1. Diplazium assimile
2. Diplazium australe
3. Diplazium melanochlamys
2. LUNATHYRIUM
Lunathyrium japonicum
134. DRYOPTERIDACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. PHANEROPHLEBIA
*Phanerophlebia falcata
2. ARACHNIODES
Arachniodes aristata
3. POLYSTICHUM
1. Polystichum moorei
2. Polystichum whiteleggei
4. LASTREOPSIS
1. Lastreopsis calantha
2. Lastreopsis nephrodioides
Doubtful record
135. DAVALLIACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. NEPHROLEPIS
Nephrolepis cordifolia
2. ARTHROPTERIS
Arthropteris tenella
Doubtful records
136. BLECHNACEAE
KEY TO GENERA
1. BLECHNUM
1. Blechnum patersonii
2. Blechnum geniculatum
3. Blechnum norfolkianum
4. Blechnum contiguum
5. Blechnum howeanum
6. Blechnum fullagarii
Doubtful record
2. DOODIA
1. Doodia aspera
2. Doodia media
3. Doodia caudata
Doubtful record
APPENDIX
APOCYNACEAE
PARSONSIA
ASTERACEAE
SENECIO
POLYPODIACEAE
PHYMATOSORUS
GLOSSARY
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Z
Abbreviations and Contractions
Literature
Herbaria
States, Territories
General abbreviations
Symbols
Publication date of previous volumes
INDEX
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
Back endpaper
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