Ferromagnetic materials: A handbook on the properties of magnetically ordered substances

Cover Page......Page 1
Title Page......Page 2
ISBN 044451144X......Page 3
Preface to Volume 14......Page 4
Contents......Page 7
Contents of Volumes 1-13......Page 8
List of Contributors......Page 11
III-V FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS......Page 12
I. Introduction......Page 15
2.1. (Ga,Mn)As......Page 17
2.2. (In,Mn)As grown on GaAs......Page 21
2.3. (In,Mn)As grown on (AI,Ga)Sb......Page 22
2.4. Other Ill-V magnetic semiconductors......Page 23
3.1. Lattice constants......Page 26
3.2. Local lattice configuration (EXAFS)......Page 28
4. Spin and charge states of Mn in III-V magnetic semiconductor......Page 29
4.2. Optical spectroscopy......Page 30
4.3. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD)......Page 31
5.1. Magnetization......Page 32
5.2. Magnetic anisotropy......Page 35
5.4. Cantilever magnetometry......Page 37
6.1. (Ga,Mn)As......Page 38
6.2. (In,Mn)As......Page 45
6.4. Cyclotron resonance......Page 48
7. Magneto-optical properties......Page 49
7.1. Faraday rotation......Page 50
7.2. Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD)......Page 51
8.1. First-principles studies......Page 52
8.2. Parameterized Hamiltonians......Page 56
8.3. Hole states and hole mediated exchange interactions......Page 58
8.4. Mean-field Zener model and its application to (Ga,Mn)As......Page 61
8.5. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results......Page 66
8.6. Limitations and refinements of the mean-field Zener model......Page 70
9.1. Basic properties of heterostructures......Page 72
9.2. Spin-dependent scattering. interlayer coupling, and tunnel magnetoresistance in trilayer structures......Page 75
9.3. Resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs)......Page 78
9.4. Spin-injection in ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructures......Page 81
9.5. Photo-induced ferromagnetism in (In.Mn)AslGaSb......Page 83
9.6. Electric-field control of ferromagnetism in gated structures......Page 84
10.1. Theoretical suggestions......Page 86
10.3. Experimental results......Page 88
References......Page 90
MAGNETOELASTICITY IN NANOSCALE HETEROGENEOUS MAGNETIC MATERIALS......Page 100
List of symbols......Page 102
I. Introduction......Page 104
2.1. Physical background of magnetoelasticity......Page 106
2.2. Symmetry considerations......Page 108
2.3. Surface and interface effects......Page 116
3.1. The magnetoelastic cantilever method......Page 117
3.2. The strain induced anisotropy method......Page 119
3.3. Magnetostriction in spin valves......Page 121
3.4. The strain modulated ferromagnetic resonance (SMFMR) method......Page 122
3.5. The secondary electron spin-polarisation spectroscopy (SESPS)......Page 123
3.6. The strain-induced anisotropy due to the spontaneous strains......Page 124
4.1. General consideration of magnetism in rare-earth-transition metal alloys......Page 125
4.2. Magnetostriction of amorphous rare earth based thin films......Page 127
4.3. Magnetostriction of nanocrystalline rare earth based thin films......Page 143
5.1. Nanocrystalline TbDyFe +ZrlNb multilayers......Page 150
5.2. Magnetostrictive spring magnet type multilayers (MSMM)......Page 151
5.3. Interface magnetostriction of multilayers......Page 162
6. Magnetoelasticity of rare-earth superlattices......Page 169
7. Magnetostriction of R-T sandwich films......Page 174
8. Magnetostriction in nanocrystalline and granular magnetic materials......Page 179
9. Huge magnetostriction in perovskites......Page 185
10. Potential applications of magnetostrictive materials......Page 196
11. Summary and concluding remarks......Page 201
References......Page 203
MAGNETIC AND SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES OF RARE EARTH BOROCARBIDES OF THE TYPE RNi2B2C......Page 210
1.2. Boron and carbon based superconductors......Page 213
1.3. On the interplay of superconductivity and magnetism......Page 218
1.4. Specific features of the RNi2 B2C compounds......Page 226
2.1. The LuNi2B2C-type structure......Page 229
2.2. Lattice distortions due to magnetoelastic effects......Page 232
2.3. Single-, double- and triple-layer borocarbides (nitrides)......Page 234
2.4. Related R-T-B-C(N) phases......Page 235
3.1. Normal state electronic properties and the superconducting state......Page 237
3.2. The upper critical field......Page 241
3.3. Magnetotransport......Page 245
3.4. Characteristics of superconducting YNi2B2C and LuNi2B2C......Page 251
4. Magnetic and superconducling properties of RNi2B2C......Page 252
4.1. Magnetic order and the crystalline electric field......Page 254
4.2. CeNi2B2C......Page 257
4.3. PrNi2B2C......Page 258
4.4. NdNi2B2C......Page 263
4.5. SmNi2B2C......Page 264
4.6. GdNi2B2C......Page 265
4.7. TbNi2B2C......Page 267
4.8. DyNi2B2C......Page 268
4.9. HoNi2B2C......Page 270
4.10. ErNi2B2C......Page 277
4.11. TmNi2B2C......Page 279
4.12. YbNi2B2C......Page 281
5.1. Vortex lattice in non-magnetic borocarbides......Page 283
5.2. Vortex lattice and magnetic order in ErNi2B2C and TmNi2B2C......Page 287
6.1. R(Ni,T}2B2C compounds (T = Co, Cu, Pd, Pt etc.)......Page 288
6.2. Effects of disorder......Page 290
6.3. Magnetic impurities in a nonmagnetic superconductor......Page 297
6.4. Nonmagnetic impurities in an antiferromagnetic superconductor......Page 299
7. Conclusions......Page 300
References......Page 302
SPONTANEOUS MAGNETOELASTIC EFFECTS IN GADOLINIUM COMPOUNDS......Page 318
1. Introduction......Page 320
3. Microscopic Theory of Magnetoelastic Effects in Gd compounds......Page 322
4. Magnetovolume effects in cubic systems......Page 326
4.1. GdAl2......Page 327
4.3. GdIn3......Page 328
4.4. GdCu2In and GdPd2In......Page 329
5. Spontaneous distortions of the crystal symmetry......Page 330
6.1. Gadolinium......Page 331
6.2. GdNi5......Page 333
6.3. Gd2ln......Page 334
6.4. GdCuAI and GdNiAI......Page 335
6.5. GdCuSn......Page 338
7.1. GdAg2 and GdAu2......Page 340
7.2. GdzCuzIn and Gd2Ni2–x In......Page 342
7.3. GdNi2B2C......Page 345
8.1. Magnetostructural transitions in Gd5(SixGe1–x)4 compounds......Page 347
8.2. GdNi......Page 350
8.3. GdNi1–xCux......Page 352
8.5. GdPt......Page 353
8.6. GdCu2......Page 355
8.7. GdZn2......Page 361
8.8. Gd(CU1–xNix)2......Page 362
8.9. Gd3Ni and Gd3Rh......Page 363
8.10. GdBa2Cu3O7–8......Page 364
9. Monoclinic systems......Page 365
10. Summary and conclusions......Page 366
References......Page 370
A......Page 374
B......Page 375
C......Page 378
D......Page 381
F......Page 383
G......Page 385
H......Page 387
J......Page 390
K......Page 391
L......Page 394
M......Page 396
N......Page 400
O......Page 401
P......Page 402
R......Page 404
S......Page 405
T......Page 409
V......Page 411
W......Page 412
X......Page 413
Z......Page 414
D......Page 416
H,I......Page 417
J,K,L,M......Page 418
S......Page 420
T......Page 421
U,V,X,Z......Page 422
Materials Index......Page 424
Back Page......Page 429