Ex Asia et Syria: Oriental Religions in the Roman Central Balkans

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Ex Asia Minor et Syria: Religions in the Roman Central Balkans investigates the cults of Asia Minor and Syrian origin in the Roman provinces of the Central Balkans. The author presents, analyzes and interprets all hitherto known epigraphical and archaeological material which attests to the presence of Asia Minor and Syrian cults in that region, a subject which is yet to be the object of a serious scholarly study. Thus the book both reviews previously known monuments and artefacts, many of which are now missing or are destroyed, and adds new finds, exploring their social and geographical context from all possible angles, and focusing on the thoughts and beliefs of the dedicants and devotees of the particular cult in question. New conclusions are presented in a scientific framework, taking account of the latest theoretical developments. Table of Contents Introduction Geographical Frame and Pre-Roman History of the Central Balkan Roman Provinces The History of the Research of Asia Minor and Syrian Religions and Cults Cultural Influences and Romanisation I. Asia Minor Religions and Cults Magna Mater Attis Sabazius Jupiter Dolichenus Jupiter Turmasgades The Cult of Jupiter Melanus and other Asia Minor Local Gods Mēn Artemis of Ephesus II. Syrian Religions in the Central Balkans Sol Invictus Dea Syria Theos Hypsistos III. Quarries, Workshops and their Localisation IV. Palmyrene Funerary Monuments in the Central Balkans V. Conclusion VI. Bibliography VII. Catalogue VIII. Maps

Author(s): Nadežda Gavrilović Vitas
Series: Archaeopress Roman Archaeology 78
Publisher: Archaeopress Archaeology
Year: 2021

Language: English
Pages: 226
City: Oxford

Cover
Title Page
Copyright page
Contents Page
Contents
List of Figures
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Geographical Frame and Pre-Roman History of the Central Balkan Roman Provinces
Map of indigenous tribes in central Balkans
Localities on Danube Limes, Moesia Superior
The History of the Research of Asia Minor and Syrian Religions and Cults
Cultural Influences and Romanisation
I Asia Minor Religions and Cults
1. Magna Mater
1.1. Magna Mater Cult in Graeco-Roman Culture
Fresco of Magna Mater procession, Pompeii
Marble relief of a gallus from Lanuvium
Statue and drawing of a standing gallus
Drawing of the reconstruction of the taurobolium
1.2. Epigraphic and archaeological monuments of Cybele/Magna Mater in Central Balkans
Statue of god Serapis from Viminacium
Tetrastyle prostylos from Felix Romuliana
1.3. The Cult of Cybele / Magna Mater in the Central Balkans
Stone figure of lion from Čuljevina
Stone figures of lions from Požarevac
Stone figure of lion from Karan
2. Attis
2.1. The Cult of Attis in Graeco-Roman culture
The statue of a Reclining Attis from Ostia
The Parabiago Plate
2.2 The archaeological monuments of Attis in the Central Balkans
Bronze masks of Attis from physician casket Viminacium
2.3. The Cult of Attis in the Central Balkans
Attis mask on a yoke belonging to a horse harness from Viminacium
3. Sabazius
3.1. The Cult of Sabazius in Graeco-Roman culture
3.2. Epigraphic and archaeological monuments of Sabazius in the Central Balkans
Bronze bust of god Sabazius
Votive hand of Sabazius
Sabazius plate from Copenhagen
The sculptural composition of a drunken Dionysus with a satyr from Mediana, Niš
The Bacchic group from London Mithraeum
3.3. The Cult of Sabazius in the Central Balkans
4. Jupiter Dolichenus
4.1. The Cult of Jupiter Dolichenus in Roman Culture
4.2. Epigraphic and Archaeological Monuments of Jupiter Dolichenus in the Central Balkans
4.3. The Cult of Jupiter Dolichenus in the Central Balkans
The Dolichenum in Egeta
The Sacrarium of Dolichenum in Egeta
The Dolichenum in Karataš
The Dolichenum in Čezava
5. Jupiter Turmasgades
5.1. The Cult of Jupiter Turmasgades in the Central Balkans
Altar dedicated to Jupiter Turmasgades from Caesarea Maritima
Altar dedicated to Tormasgade from Doliche
6. The Cult of Jupiter Melanus and other Asia Minor Local Gods
6.1. The Cult of Jupiter Melanus and other Asia Minor local gods in the Central Balkans
7. Mēn
7.1. The Cult of the god Mēn in Graeco-Roman culture
The bust of god Mēn
The terracotta of god Mēn riding a horse
7.2. The Cult of the god Mēn in the Central Balkans
8. Artemis of Ephesus
8.1. The Cult of Artemis of Ephesus in Graeco-Roman culture
The sculpture of Artemis of Ephesus from the Prytaneion of Ephesus
Temple of Ephesian Artemis, Hadrian and demos of Ephesus in Ephesus
8.2. The Cult of Artemis of Ephesus in the Central Balkans
II Syrian Religions in the Central Balkans
1. Sol Invictus
1.1. The Cult of Sol Invictus in Roman culture
The relief of Sol Invictus from Rome
1.2. The Cult of Sol Invictus in the Central Balkans
Monument of the priest Lucius Sevius Rufus
2. Dea Syria
2.1. The Cult of Dea Syria in Graeco-Roman culture
Relief of Atargatis from Dura Europos
Relief of Atargatis from Khirbet el Tannur
2.2. The Cult of Dea Syria in the Central Balkans
Relief of Hadad and Dea Syria from Dura Europos
Fresco of Iulius Terentius’ sacrifice from Dura Europos
3. Theos Hypsistos
3.1. The Cult of Theos Hypsistos in Graeco-Roman culture
3.2. The Cult of Theos Hypsistos in the Central Balkans
III Quarries, Workshops and their Localisation
Map of the mines in Moesia Superior
IV Palmyrene Funerary Monuments in the Central Balkans
The head of the priest from National Museum in Belgrade
Loculus relief of the priest from National Museum in Belgrade
Funerary stele of a young girl from National Museum in Belgrade
V Conclusion
VI Bibliography
Figure 2
VII Catalogue
I ASIA MINOR DEITIES
I MAGNA MATER
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 8
II ATTIS
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 10
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Figure 12
Figure 17
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Figure 19
Figure 22
Figure 23
Figure 30
Figure 32
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Figure 46
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Figure 51
Figure 54
Figure 55
Figure 56
Figure 59
Figure 61
Figure 60
Figure 63
Figure 62
Figure 6
Figure 7
III SABAZIUS
IV JUPITER DOLICHENUS
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15
Figure 16
Figure 19
Figure 17
Figure 23
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Figure 30
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Figure 1
V JUPITER TURMASGADES
VI JUPITER MELANUS, ZEUS OKKONÈNOS, ZEUS SYNENOS
VII MĒN
VIII ARTEMIS OF EPHESUS
Figure 2
Figure 1
Figure 2
fig. 3.png
Figure 1
Figure 3
Figure 4
IX SOL INVICTUS
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
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Figure 13
Figure 16
Figure 14
Figure 15
Figure 17
Figure 18
Figure 19
Figure 20
XI DEA SYRIA
XII THEOS HYPSISTOS
Figure 3
VIII Maps
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