European Cities After COVID-19: Strategies for Resilient Cities and Real Estate

Preface
Preface
Contents
Part I: Strategies for Resilient Cities and Real Estate
Challenges for European Cities After the COVID-19 Pandemic
1 Introduction
2 Approach of This Study
3 Urban Functions
4 Experiences with Epidemics and Pandemics
5 Urban Development After COVID-19
6 Implications for Real Estate Market Players
7 Function Shifts
8 Final Remarks
References
Part II: Implications for Urban Development
Urban Planning Aspects of the Resilient City
1 Introduction
2 Urban Planning Aspects in the Broader Sense
3 Propositions and Fields of Action in the Narrower Sense
3.1 The Pandemic as a Driver
For Changed Inner Cities and Retail Situations
For a Different Way of Living, Working and Living in the Neighbourhood
A New Appreciation of Public Places/Spaces and Meeting Areas Outside the Immediate Residential Environment
For a Traffic Turnaround with Changing Urban Mobility
For a Readjustment of Spatial Planning
4 Guiding Principles for Sustainable Urban Development: Resilient, Robust and Crisis-Proof Cities
5 Summary and Outlook
References
The Health Equity Imperative and the Role of the Built Environment
1 Introduction
2 Health Outcomes and Land Use Are Inextricably Linked
3 The Role and the Imperative of Land-Use Professionals for Public Health
4 Transformations to the Built Environment to Improve Infectious and Chronic Disease
References
Lessons from the Cholera in Paris and Hamburg
1 Introduction
2 Paris and Cholera
3 Hamburg and Cholera
4 Final Remarks
References
Urban Form, Neighbourhood Governance, and Real Estate Management: Chinese Cities Fighting a Pandemic
1 Introduction
2 Urban Form: Enclosed Residential Communities and Mixed-Used Neighbourhoods
3 Urban Governance and Grid-Based Management
4 Privatised Professional Real Estate Property Management and Applications of Technology
5 Summary
References
How COVID-19 Is Changing Mobility Behaviour and What that Means for Sustainable Urban Transport
1 Introduction
2 Less Mobility: A Shift in the Use of Transport
3 Public Transport in Cities: The Big Loser of the Crisis?
4 Increase in Car Use as a Retreat into the Private Sphere
5 Active Mobility: Resilient in Crises and in the Future for Sustainable Mobility
5.1 Active Mobility as Resilient Mobility
5.2 Excursus: Bicycle Traffic During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Berlin
5.3 The Discussion Around the Distribution of Public Space Is Revived
5.4 Making Temporary Projects Permanent and Strengthening Active Mobility
6 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Urban Mobility
7 Opportunities for Urban Mobility After the Pandemic
References
The Preservation of Economic Structures as a Main Challenge of Urban Development
References
Revisiting the Economic Effects of Density in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic
1 Introduction
2 Building an Evidence Base
3 The Costs and Benefits of Density Prior to the Pandemic
4 Density and COVID-19
5 Conclusion
References
Density and the Spread of COVID-19 in Cities: Lessons from the United States and the United Kingdom
1 Introduction
2 Dense Locations Were Hit First
3 Local Death Rates Were Initially Higher in Dense Locations
4 Differences in Death Rates by Density Levelled Off by December 2020
5 Final Remarks
References
The Future Viability of City Networks
1 Connecting Cities: City Networks and City Alliances
2 City Networks and Inter-municipal Cooperation in Research and Funding Programmes
3 Regional Collaboration Based on City Triangles
4 Future Viability of City Networks
References
Part III: Implications for Housing and Hotel: Cities to Live
Living in the City: Or Rather Nearby?
1 Introduction
2 Residential Segment: Moderate External Pressure
3 Hotel Properties: Only Gradually Out of the Woods
4 Final Remarks
References
Is the COVID-19 Pandemic Accelerating the Path to Smarter Cities?
1 Smart City: Quo Vadis
1.1 The Evolution of Smart Cities: Four Smart City Generations
1.2 Smart City Definition, Urban Development, and Fields of Action
2 Preventing Pandemics: How CanSmart Cities Increase Resilience?
3 To Better Manage Pandemics: The Toolbox of a Smart City
4 Collaboration to Accelerate Smart City Innovation
References
The Urban Neighbourhood of the Future Is Just One Step Away
The Challenge for Developers to Build Attractive Places
Reference
Part IV: Implications for Office and More: Cities to Work
The Flexible Office Space
1 Introduction
2 Office Properties: Survey Results
3 Final Remarks
References
The Future Workplace: Reimagining the Office for the Twenty-first Century
1 Introduction
1.1 The Need to Reimagine the Office
1.2 The Real Estate Context
2 A System in Need of Overhaul
2.1 Barriers in the Built Environment and Real Estate
2.2 Embracing Technology and its Impact on Work
2.3 Changing Organisations and Business Management
2.4 The People Factor Comes to the Fore
2.5 Bridging the Gap
3 Fresh Perspectives: A Reframing
3.1 Putting People First
3.2 Rethinking Business
3.3 Omniworking: The Far-Reaching Potential of Blending Fixed and Fluid Working
4 Conclusion: A Call to Action
References
Office Work in Post-Pandemic Cities and the Importance of Population Density
It Is about Responsibility, Technology and Culture
The Screen Cannot Replace a Sense of Community
Part V: Implications for Retail and Logistics: Cities to Supply
Consumer Cities under Pressure to Change
1 Introduction
2 Retail
3 Logistics Becomes a New Core Segment
4 Final Remarks
References
The Importance of the Food Retail Industry for Cities after COVID-19
The Future of Urban Logistics
References
Part VI: Ten Key Messages for Resilient Cities and Real Estate
Final Remarks: Ten Key Messages
1 Direct Impact on Cities and Real Estate Markets
2 Shifts in and between Cities
References