Tracing the interwoven traditions of modern welfare states in Europe over five centuries, Thomas McStay Adams explores social welfare from Portugal, France, and Italy to Britain, Belgium and Germany. He shows that the provision of assistance to those in need has faced recognizably similar challenges from the 16th century through to the present: how to allocate aid equitably (and with dignity); how to give support without undermining autonomy (and motivation); and how to balance private and public spheres of action and responsibility.
Across two authoritative volumes, Adams reveals how social welfare administrators, critics, and improvers have engaged in a constant exchange of models and experience locally and across Europe. The narrative begins with the founding of the Casa da Misericordia of Lisbon in 1498, a model replicated throughout Portugal and its empire, and ends with the relaunch of a social agenda for the European Union at the meeting of the Council of Europe in Lisbon in 2000.
Volume 1, which focuses on the period from 1500 to 1700, discusses the concepts of 'welfare' and 'tradition'. It looks at how 16th-century humanists joined with merchants and lawyers to renew traditional charity in distinctly modern forms, and how the discipline of religious reform affected the exercise of political authority and the promotion of economic productivity.
Volume 2 examines 18th-century bienfaisance which secularized a Christian humanist notion of beneficence, producing new and sharply contested assertions of social citizenship. It goes on to consider how national struggles to establish comprehensive welfare states since the second half of the 19th century built on the power of the vote as politicians, pushed by activists and advised by experts, appealed to a growing class of industrial workers. Lastly, it looks at how 20th-century welfare states addressed aspirations for social citizenship while the institutional framework for European economic cooperation came to fruition
Author(s): Thomas McStay Adams
Publisher: Bloomsbury Academic
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 292
City: London
Cover
Halftitle page
Frontispiece
Title page
Copyright page
Dedication
CONTENTS
ILLUSTRATIONS, VOLUME 1
PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
A NOTE ON THE TEXT
Introduction VOLUMES 1 AND 2
NOTES
PART ONE Threshold of Modernity to 1540
CHAPTER ONE Organizing Mercy in Southern Europe
THE MISERICORDIAS SPREAD IN PORTUGAL AND OVERSEAS
ITALY’S EXEMPLARY HOSPITALS—CIVIC MONUMENTS
FLORENCE, MILAN, AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF CHARITY
SAVONAROLA’S CAMPAIGN AGAINST LUXURY AND CORRUPTION
NOTES
CHAPTER TWO Urban Charity and Humanism
LYON: BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
A TRANSPLANTED HUMANIST CALLS FOR CHARITABLE REFORM
VIVES GIVES VOICE TO AN ERASMIAN CONSCIENCE
NOTES
CHAPTER THREE Blueprints for Relief to the Deserving
HOW TO CARE FOR THE CITY’S POOR
THE SPREAD OF URBAN INITIATIVES
NOTES
CHAPTER FOUR The Passion for Reformation
LUTHER AND HIS FOLLOWERS ON THE REFORM OF CHARITY
JOHN COLET, DEAN OF ST. PAUL’S, AND HIS FRIEND ERASMUS
NOTES
PART TWO Discipline 1540–1700
CHAPTER FIVE Charity in the Cauldron of Religious Conflict
A SECOND GENERATION OF PROTESTANT REFORM: CALVIN AND OTHERS
HAPSBURG EUROPE: BOHEMIA’S UNSUCCESSFUL REVOLT
CATHOLIC REFORM, LOYOLA, AND THE COUNCIL OF TRENT
THE DUTIES OF THE BISHOP: CARLO BORROMEO PROVIDES A MODEL
NOTES
CHAPTER SIX Confronting Misery and War in France
JEAN MARTIN AND THE GRAND BUREAU DES PAUVRES
AN AGE OF CONFINEMENT: MICHEL FOUCAULT AND THE HISTORIANS
SUPPORT AND REDEEM
NOTES
CHAPTER SEVEN The Paris Hôpital Général and Its Offshoots
AFTER 1656: IMPLEMENTATION AND ADJUSTMENT
1662: REPLICATING THE HÔPITAL GÉNÉRAL
PARIS FROM 1662: CHARITY WITHIN DOORS AND WITHOUT
TRADITIONAL CHARITY AND NEW MODELS IN ITALY: VENICE
TRADITIONAL CHARITY AND NEW MODELS IN ITALY: ROME, TURIN, AND GENOA
DISCIPLINE, DIGNITY, AND CONSTRAINT
NOTES
CHAPTER EIGHT The Making of the Elizabethan Poor Law
THE SPECTER OF STURDY BEGGARS AND ROGUES
DISCIPLINE AND PARISH SUPPORT
NOTES
CHAPTER NINE Foundlings, Orphans, and Apprentices
“GOD’S FOOTPRINTS IN THE WORLD”—A PIETIST ORPHANAGE
TRAINING FOR WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY
NOTES
Concluding Reflections VOLUME 1 Charity and Discipline, from Vives to Bossuet
NOTES
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY, VOLUME 1
INDEX, VOLUME 1
