Estimator's Piping Man-hour Manual

Contents......Page 6
The Human Factor in Estimating......Page 12
Introduction......Page 13
Section Introduction......Page 18
Shop Handling Scheduled Pipe for Fabrication......Page 19
Shop Handling Heavy Wall Pipe for Fabrication......Page 20
Shop Handling Large O.D. Pipe for Fabrication......Page 21
Notes On Pipe Bends......Page 22
Standard Types of Bends......Page 23
Pipe Bends—Schedule 20 to 100 Inclusive......Page 24
Pipe Bends—Schedule 120, 140 and 160......Page 25
Pipe Bends—Heavy Wall—45° or Less......Page 26
Pipe Bends—Heavy Wall—Over 45° to 90° Inclusive......Page 27
Pipe Bends—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 28
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type......Page 29
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type......Page 30
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type......Page 31
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type......Page 32
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type......Page 33
Attaching Flanges—Weld Neck Type......Page 34
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Slip-On and Threaded Types......Page 35
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Weld Neck Type......Page 36
General Welding Notes......Page 37
Butt Welds—Inert Gas Shielded Root Pass......Page 38
Machine Butt Welds......Page 39
Manual Butt Welds—Scheduled......Page 40
Manual Heavy Wall Butt Welds......Page 41
Manual Large O.D. Butt Welds......Page 42
90° Welded Nozzles......Page 43
90° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced......Page 44
Large O.D. 90° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced......Page 45
45° Welded Nozzles......Page 46
45° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced......Page 47
Large O.D. 45° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced......Page 48
Concentric Swedged Ends......Page 49
Eccentric Swedged Ends......Page 50
End Closures—Pressure Type......Page 51
Heavy Wall End Closure—Pressure Type......Page 52
Large O.D. Pipe End Closures—Pressure Type......Page 53
90° Coupling Welds and Socket Welds......Page 54
'Olet Type Welds......Page 55
Flame Cutting Pipe—Scheduled......Page 56
Flame Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall......Page 57
Flame Cutting Pipe—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 58
Machine Cutting Pipe—Scheduled......Page 59
Machine Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall......Page 60
Machine Cutting Pipe—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 61
Flame Beveling Pipe—"V" Type......Page 62
Machine Beveling Pipe—"U" Type, "V" Type and Double Angle......Page 63
Beveling Heavy Wall Pipe......Page 64
Beveling Large O.D. Pipe......Page 65
Threading Pipe—Including Cut......Page 66
Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments......Page 67
Machining Inside of Pipe......Page 68
Machining Inside of Large O.D. Pipe......Page 69
Boring Inside Diameter of Pipe and Installing Straightening Vanes......Page 70
Installing Flow Nozzles......Page 71
Preheating Butt Welds and Any Type Flange Welds......Page 72
Preheating Heavy Wall Pipe Butt Welds......Page 73
Preheating Large O.D. Pipe Butt Welds......Page 74
Preheating 90° Nozzle Welds......Page 75
Preheating Large O.D. 90° Nozzle Welds......Page 76
Local Stress Relieving—Scheduled......Page 77
Local Stress Relieving—Heavy Wall......Page 78
Local Stress Relieving—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 79
Full Furnace Stress Relieving and Heating Treatment......Page 80
Radiographic Inspection—Scheduled......Page 81
Radiographic Inspection—Heavy Wall......Page 82
Radiographic Inspection—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 83
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection of Welded Joints......Page 84
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection of Welded Joints......Page 85
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Flanged Ends......Page 86
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Plain or Beveled Ends......Page 87
Testing Fabricated Assemblies—Heavy Wall......Page 88
Access Holes......Page 89
Miscellaneous Fabrication Operations......Page 90
Man Hours Per Foot of Cylindrical Coil Fabrication Bending Only......Page 91
Section Introduction......Page 92
Handling and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Scheduled......Page 93
Handling and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Heavy Wall......Page 94
Handling and Erecting Straight Run Pipe—Large O.D. Size......Page 95
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Scheduled......Page 96
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Heavy Wall......Page 97
Handling and Erecting Fabricated Spool Pieces—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 98
Making on Screwed Fittings and Valves......Page 99
Field Handling Valves......Page 100
Field Erection Bolt-Ups......Page 101
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type......Page 102
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type......Page 103
Attaching Flanges—Screwed Type......Page 104
Attaching Flanges—Slip-On Type......Page 105
Attaching Flanges—Weld Neck Type......Page 106
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Slip-On and Threaded Types......Page 107
Attaching Orifice Flanges—Weld Neck Type......Page 108
General Welding Notes......Page 109
Manual Butt Welds—Schedule......Page 110
Manual Butt Welds—Heavy Wall......Page 111
Manual Butt Welds—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 112
90° Welded Nozzles......Page 113
90° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced......Page 114
Large O.D. 90° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced......Page 115
45° Welded Nozzles......Page 116
45° Welded Nozzles—Reinforced......Page 117
Large O.D. 45° Nozzle Welds—Reinforced......Page 118
Concentric Swedged Ends......Page 119
Eccentric Swedged Ends......Page 120
End Closures—Pressure Type......Page 121
Heavy Wall End Closures—Pressure Type......Page 122
Large O.D. Pipe End Closures—Pressure Type......Page 123
90° Coupling Welds and Socket Welds......Page 124
'Olet Type Welds......Page 125
Flame Cutting Pipe—Scheduled......Page 126
Flame Cutting Pipe—Heavy Wall......Page 127
Flame Cutting Pipe—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 128
Flame Beveling Pipe—"V" Type......Page 129
Flame Beveling Pipe—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 130
Threading Pipe—Including Cut......Page 131
Welded Carbon Steel Attachments......Page 132
Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments......Page 133
Machining Inside of Pipe......Page 134
Machining Inside of Large O.D. Pipe......Page 135
Boring Inside Diameter of Pipe and Installing Straightening Vanes......Page 136
Installing Flow Nozzles—Holding Ring Type......Page 137
Preheating Butt Welds and Any Type Flange Welds......Page 138
Preheating Heavy Wall Pipe Butt Welds......Page 139
Preheating Large O.D. Pipe Butt Welds......Page 140
Preheating 90° Nozzle Welds......Page 141
Preheating Large O.D. 90° Nozzle Welds......Page 142
Local Stress Relieving—Scheduled......Page 143
Local Stress Relieving—Heavy Wall......Page 144
Local Stress Relieving—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 145
Radiographic Inspection—Scheduled......Page 146
Radiographic Inspection—Heavy Wall......Page 147
Radiographic Inspection—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 148
Hydrostatic Testing—Scheduled......Page 149
Hydrostatic Testing—Heavy Wall......Page 150
Hydrostatic Testing—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 151
Access Holes......Page 152
Soldered Non-Ferrous Fittings......Page 153
PVC-Plastic Pipe......Page 154
Saran Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings......Page 155
Schedule 30 or 40 Rubber-Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings......Page 156
Schedule 40 Lead Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings......Page 157
Flanged Cast Iron Cement Lined Pipe and Fittings......Page 158
Schedule 40 Cement Lined Carbon Steel Pipe with Standard Fittings......Page 159
Double Tough Pyrex Pipe and Fittings......Page 160
Overhead Transite Pressure Pipe—Class 150......Page 161
Section Introduction......Page 162
Shop Handling Pipe for Fabrication......Page 163
Handle and Erect Fabricated Spool Pieces......Page 164
Handle and Erect Straight Run Pipe......Page 165
Pipe Bends......Page 166
Attaching Flanges......Page 167
Make-Ons through 12-in. Handle Valves through 42-in......Page 168
Field Erection Bolt-Ups......Page 170
All Welded Fabrication......Page 171
Flame Cutting or Beveling......Page 172
Machine Cutting and Beveling Pipe......Page 173
Threading Pipe......Page 174
Welded Attachments and Drilling Holes in Welded Attachments......Page 175
Local Stress Relieving......Page 176
Radiographic Inspection......Page 177
Magnetic or Dye Penetrant Inspection......Page 178
Hydrostatic Testing......Page 179
Access Holes......Page 180
Section Introduction......Page 181
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type......Page 182
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type......Page 183
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type......Page 184
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Transparent Type......Page 185
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type......Page 186
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type......Page 187
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type......Page 188
Liquid Level Gauge Glasses—Reflex Type......Page 189
Pressure Gauges......Page 190
Pneumatic Liquid Level Instruments—Local Mounted......Page 191
Pneumatic Liquid Level Instruments—Local Mounted......Page 192
Pneumatic Pressure Instruments—Local Mounted......Page 193
Pneumatic Temperature Instruments—Local Mounted......Page 194
Thermometers and Thermowells......Page 195
Thermometers and Thermowells......Page 196
Thermowells and Thermocouples......Page 197
Relief Valves—Screwed......Page 198
Relief Valves—Flanged......Page 199
Relief Valves—Flanged......Page 200
Pneumatic Flow Transmitters......Page 201
Flow Indicating Transmitters, Flow Recorders and Flow Controllers......Page 202
Pneumatic Liquid Level Transmitters......Page 203
Control Panel Installation......Page 204
Connecting Pneumatic Panel Board Instruments......Page 205
Connecting Pneumatic Panel Board Instruments......Page 206
Section Introduction......Page 207
Machine Excavation......Page 208
Hand Excavation......Page 209
Shoring and Bracing Trenches......Page 210
Disposal of Excavated Material......Page 211
Underground 150 Lbs. B. & S. Cast Iron Pipe......Page 212
Underground Vitrified Clay and Concrete Pipe......Page 213
Pipe Coated with Tar and Field Wrapped by Machine......Page 214
Section Introduction......Page 215
Hangers and Supports......Page 216
Section Introduction......Page 217
Surface Area of Pipe for Painting......Page 218
Sand Blast and Paint Pipe......Page 219
Section Introduction......Page 220
Erect and Dismantle......Page 221
Section Introduction......Page 222
Indoor Thermal Type......Page 223
Insulation—Hot Pipe......Page 224
Section Introduction......Page 225
Sample Job Estimate Form......Page 226
Shop Fabrication—Carbon Steel......Page 227
Field Erect—Shop Fabricated Piping......Page 228
Field Fabricate and Erect—Screwed......Page 229
Field Fabricate and Erect—Welded......Page 230
Erect Valves—Screwed and Flanged......Page 231
Underground Piping......Page 232
Estimate Summary......Page 233
Section Introduction......Page 234
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material......Page 235
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material—Heavy Wall......Page 236
Circumference of Pipe for Computing Welding Material—Large O.D. Sizes......Page 237
Weights of Piping Materials—General Notes......Page 238
Weights of Piping Materials—1"......Page 239
Weights of Piping Materials—1¼"......Page 240
Weights of Piping Materials—1½"......Page 241
Weights of Piping Materials—2"......Page 242
Weights of Piping Materials—2½"......Page 243
Weights of Piping Materials—3"......Page 244
Weights of Piping Materials—3½"......Page 245
Weights of Piping Materials—4"......Page 246
Weights of Piping Materials—5"......Page 247
Weights of Piping Materials—6"......Page 248
Weights of Piping Materials—8"......Page 249
Weights of Piping Materials—10"......Page 250
Weights of Piping Materials—12"......Page 251
Weights of Piping Materials—14"......Page 252
Weights of Piping Materials—16"......Page 253
Weights of Piping Materials—18"......Page 254
Weights of Piping Materials—20"......Page 255
Weights of Piping Materials—24"......Page 256
Hanger Load Calculations—General Notes......Page 257
Hanger Load Calculations......Page 258
Minutes to Decimal Hours—Conversion Table......Page 265