Key debates of contemporary cultural sociology - the rise of the 'cultural omnivore', the fate of classical 'highbrow' culture, the popularization, commercialization and globalization of culture - deal with temporal changes. Yet, systematic research about these processes is scarce due to the lack of suitable longitudinal data. This book explores these questions through the lens of a crucial institution of cultural mediation - the culture sections in quality European newspapers - from 1960 to 2010. Starting from the framework of cultural stratification and employing systematic content analysis both quantitative and qualitative of more than 13,000 newspaper articles, Enter Culture, Exit Arts? presents a synthetic yet empirically rich and detailed account of cultural transformation in Europe over the last five decades. It shows how classifications and hierarchies of culture have changed in course of the process toward increased cultural heterogeneity. Furthermore, it conceptualizes the key trends of rising popular culture and declining highbrow arts as two simultaneous processes: the one of legitimization of popular culture and the other of popularization of traditional legitimate culture, both important for the loosening of the boundary between 'highbrow' and 'popular'. Through careful comparative analysis and illustrative snapshots into the specific socio-historical contexts in which the newspapers and their representations of culture are embedded - in Finland, France, Spain, Sweden, Turkey and the UK -, the book reveals the key patterns and diversity of European variations in the transformation of cultural hierarchies since the 1960s. The book is a collective endeavour of a large-scale international research project active between 2013 and 2018.
Author(s): Semi Purhonen; Riie Heikkilä; Carlos J. Fernández Rodríguez; Irmak Karademir Hazir; Tina Lauronen; Jukka Gronow
Series: Culture, Economy and the Social
Publisher: CRESC
Year: 2019
Language: English
Pages: 256
Tags: Culture; Music; Globalization; Journalism; Cultural Studies
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of figures
List of tables
List of boxes
Preface and acknowledgements
1 Introduction: newspapers and the study of changing cultural hierarchies
Prologue: the day that sealed the status of rock as art?
The themes of this book
Aims and definitions
Why study cultural change through newspapers?
Cultural stratification: beyond the consumption/production divide
Data and the comparative setting
Approach and methods
Outline of the book
Part I: The shift in cultural legitimacy
2 The transformation: on the rise of popular culture and the decline of classical highbrow arts
Introduction
The opening up of legitimate culture: theoretical perspectives
Comparative dimensions and expectations
Towards increased heterogeneity? The persistent dominance of the most established arts
Transformations inside the established arts: literature and music
The decline of classical highbrow arts
Conclusion
3 Both legitimization and popularization: how evaluations of pop-rockand classical music have become increasingly similar
Introduction
The concepts of legitimization and popularization
An aesthetic dimension in the articles published in culture sections
Legitimization and popularization: quantitative approach
Legitimization of pop-rock
Popularization of classical music
The tension between artistic quality and commercial success in aesthetic evaluations
Conclusion
Part II: Dimensions of the transformation
4 Globalization: on the tension between national andinternational culture
Introduction
Perspectives on the globalization of culture
Cultural globalization: quantitative approach
Cultural globalization: qualitative approach
Conclusion
5 Commercialization: on the commercial dimension and advertisements
Introduction
From the enduring tension between art and money to commercialization of culture
Autonomy in peril? The commercialization of cultural journalism
Commercial dimension in newspaper data: quantitative approach
The role of commercial elements in cultural coverage: qualitative approach
Advertising as another aspect of the commercial dimension
Conclusion
6 Beyond culture: politics and the role of culture in a wider socio-historical context
Introduction
Artistic valuation and politics: a complicated relationship
Political dimension in newspaper data: quantitative approach
Spanish and Turkish national identities in the making: political contexts
Continuity and change
Conclusion
Part III: The place and space of culture
7 Packaging of culture: on the ‘crisis’ of cultural journalism and journalistic popularization
Introduction
Changing cultural journalism
The space of culture
The place of culture
The packaging of culture
Is there a ‘crisis’?
Culture cover stories
Conclusion
8 Conclusion
Epilogue: the death of a philosopher-celebrity
Enter culture, exit arts?
Transformation and stability
Problems in comparative research and studying cultural change
Appendices
Appendix A: collecting and coding the newspaper data
Appendix B: additional tables
References
Index
