This book discusses eight grammatical items, with main focus on prepositions and plural nouns, to illustrate the structure of Japanese English or the English spoken by 32 Japanese nationals who are the L2 users of English. Adopting an inductive, theory-neutral, analysis of empirical data collected from recordings of presentational talks, the author demonstrates how standard and nonstandard grammatical forms are distributed, and categorizes these based largely on functional factors. The book describes grammatical forms as a fundamental aspect of linguistic study and adopts a corpus-driven approach to qualify structural features characterizing usage data. This formalization of language usage patterns also facilitates the development of ‘locally’ relevant norms and thus presents alternatives to the normative varieties traditionally adopted. It examines the effects of multicompetence and unpacks the grammar of Japanese English. The book is of interest to researchers, educators, and students concerned with issues related to World Englishes, English as a lingua franca, English language teaching, and multilingualism, this text is vital to studies in global English language use.
Author(s): Toshiko Yamaguchi
Series: SpringerBriefs in Linguistics
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 135
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
Abbreviations
1 Background of the Study
1.1 Introduction
1.2 ELT in Japan
1.3 Four Assumptions
1.4 Standard/Nonstandard English and Native/Nonnative Speakers
1.5 Japanese English
1.6 Recordings
1.6.1 Participants
1.6.2 Topics
1.6.3 Compilation of a Data Set and a Small Corpus
References
2 Multi-competence: Beginning with Three Factors
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Three Premises and Four Scenarios
2.2.1 Three Premises
2.2.2 Four Scenarios
2.3 Multi-competence Viewed from Usage-Based Linguistics
2.4 Three Factors
2.4.1 Introduction
2.4.2 L1 Transfer
2.4.3 Analogy
2.4.4 L2 Innovation
2.4.4.1 Nearness
2.4.4.2 Rearrangement
2.4.4.3 Contextualization
2.5 Summary
References
3 A Sketch of the Structure of the Japanese Language
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sentence
3.2.1 SOV Language
3.2.2 Particles and Topic
3.2.3 Co-reference
3.3 Tense and Aspect
3.4 Phrases
3.5 Prepositions
3.6 Plural Nouns
References
4 Prepositions in EJLU
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Distribution
4.3 Exploring Prepositions
4.3.1 In
4.3.1.1 Standard Usage
4.3.1.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.2 Of
4.3.2.1 Standard Usage
4.3.2.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.3 To
4.3.3.1 Standard Usage
4.3.3.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.4 For
4.3.4.1 Standard Usage
4.3.4.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.5 About
4.3.5.1 Standard Usage
4.3.5.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.6 With
4.3.6.1 Standard Usage
4.3.6.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.7 At
4.3.7.1 Standard Usage
4.3.7.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.8 From
4.3.8.1 Standard Usage
4.3.8.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.9 On
4.3.9.1 Standard Usage
4.3.9.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.10 Between
4.3.10.1 Standard Usage
4.3.10.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.11 Inside
4.3.11.1 Standard Usage
4.3.11.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.3.12 Outside, Into, Over
4.3.12.1 Standard Usage
4.3.12.2 Nonstandard Usage
4.4 Conclusion
4.4.1 Summary of Frequency
4.4.2 Summary of the Chapter
4.4.3 Commenting on Multi-competence
References
5 Plural Nouns in EJLU
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Distribution
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Nonstandard Usage of Plural Nouns
5.3 Exploring Plural Nouns
5.3.1 Concrete/Standard Marking
5.3.2 Concrete/Nonstandard Marking
5.3.2.1 Minus-Marking (Concrete/Nonstandard)
5.3.2.2 Plus-Marking (Concrete/Nonstandard)
5.3.3 Abstract/Standard Marking
5.3.4 Abstract/Nonstandard Marking
5.3.4.1 Minus-Marking (Abstract/Nonstandard)
5.3.4.2 Plus-Marking (Abstract/Nonstandard)
5.4 Conclusion
5.4.1 Summary of Frequency
5.4.2 Summary of the Chapter
5.4.3 Commenting on Multi-competence
References
6 A Glance at Other Grammatical Items in EJLU
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Articles
6.3 Past Tense
6.4 Present Progressive
6.5 Present Perfect
6.6 The First Person Singular Pronoun
6.7 Relative Pronouns
6.8 Co-reference
6.9 Sentence Structure
6.9.1 Topic-Comment
6.9.2 Coordination
6.9.3 Semantic Transparency
6.9.4 Agreement with the Nearest Item
6.10 Summary
References
7 Conclusion
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Subjectivity
7.3 Concreteness
7.4 Encyclopedic Knowledge
7.5 Usage Events and Codes
7.6 Concluding Remarks
References
Afterword
References
