Elementary Number Theory Notes

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Author(s): santos

Language: English
Pages: 183

Preface......Page 5
Introduction......Page 7
Well-Ordering......Page 8
Mathematical Induction......Page 10
Fibonacci Numbers......Page 22
Pigeonhole Principle......Page 29
Divisibility......Page 37
Division Algorithm......Page 40
Some Algebraic Identities......Page 44
Congruences......Page 53
Divisibility Tests......Page 63
Complete Residues......Page 66
GCD and LCM......Page 69
Primes......Page 79
Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic......Page 82
Euclidean Algorithm......Page 95
Linear Congruences......Page 100
A theorem of Frobenius......Page 102
Chinese Remainder Theorem......Page 106
Greatest Integer Function......Page 111
De Polignac's Formula......Page 122
Complementary Sequences......Page 125
Arithmetic Functions......Page 127
Euler's Function. Reduced Residues......Page 134
Multiplication in Zn......Page 140
Möbius Function......Page 144
Theorems of Fermat and Wilson......Page 147
Euler's Theorem......Page 153
The Decimal Scale......Page 157
Non-decimal Scales......Page 163
A theorem of Kummer......Page 167
Miscellaneous Diophantine equations......Page 171
Miscellaneous Examples and Problems......Page 175
Miscellaneous Examples......Page 176
Polynomial Congruences......Page 179
Quadratic Reciprocity......Page 181
Continued Fractions......Page 183