This open-access textbook helps students learn to read New Testament Greek at the elementary level. It includes clear, concise explanations of grammar and syntax, helpful examples, and essential vocabulary, with no assumption of previous language study, and it does not require accents for most forms. At the end of each of its twenty chapters, students will find short Greek-language episodes from the life of a fictional early Christian family of Jewish ancestry, short readings from the Greek New Testament and Septuagint, and review/homework exercises that can help reinforce new concepts and vocabulary. This book can help students prepare to read Nijay Gupta and Jonah Sandford’s Intermediate Greek Reader: Galatians and Related Texts, also available as an open-access textbook.
Author(s): Owen Ewald
Publisher: Seattle Pacific University Library
Year: 2022
Chapter 1: Alphabet, words, and names; Nominal Sentences
Alphabet
Dipthongs (“Two Voices”)
Nominal Sentences
Final Consonants
Vocabulary for Chapter 1
Family Story: Genealogies
Scripture: Genealogy
Typing in Greek
Scripture: Lord’s Prayer
Assignment 1
Grad Assignment 1
Assignment 2
Assignment 3
Grad Assignment 3
Chapter 2: Verbs and basic clauses; Contract Verbs; the Definite Article (“the”); Negation
Subject, Verb, and Direct Object
Verbs
Epsilon-Contract Verbs
Cases: Nominative and Accusative
The Article
Negatives
Vocabulary for Chapter 2
Family Story: Thursday versus the Sabbath
Scripture: on the Sabbath
Assignment 4
Grad Assignment 4
Assignment 5
Grad Assignment 5
Assignment 6
Grad Assignment 6
Chapter 3: Cases and Gender
Other Cases: Genitive, Dative, and Vocative
Special Uses of the Genitive and Dative
Gender in Greek
Feminine First Declension: Eta, Alpha, Mixed
Special Neuter Plural Rule
Article (complete declension)
3rd Person Pronoun
Vocabulary for Chapter 3
Family Story: Marriage Discussion
Scripture: Ruth and Naomi
Grad Assignment 8
Assignment 9
Grad Assignment 9
Chapter 4: Prepositions
Prepositions
Instruments and Agents
Compound Verbs
Vocabulary for Chapter 4
Family Story: Salome and the Monkey
Scripture: Baptism of Jesus
Assignment 10
Grad Assignment 11
Grad Assignment 12
Chapter 5: Adjectives; Predicate and Attributive positions
Adjectives
Attributive and Predicate Positions
Verb “Be” in Greek
Substantive Adjectives
Irregular Adjectives “Much” and “Large”
Sandwich Constructions/Nesting
Vocabulary for Chapter 5
Family Story: Philip Describes his Relatives
Story 2: the Miracles of Jesus
Scripture: Oaks of Mamre
Assignment 13
Grad Assignment 13
Assignment 14
Grad Assignment 14
Assignment 15
Grad Assignment 15
Chapter 6: Verb tenses
Verb Tenses: Imperfect, Future, and Aorist
Tense Formation: Imperfect
Tense Formation: Future
Principal Parts
Tense Formation: Aorist
Vocabulary for Chapter 6
Family Story: James Builds a House
Scripture: Parable of the House
Assignment 16
Grad Assignment 16
Assignment 17
Grad Assignment 17
Assignment 18
Grad Assignment 18
Chapter 7: Verb moods (including Participles)
Imperative Mood
Infinitive Mood
Impersonal Verbs
Participle Mood
Formation of Participles
Aorist Active Participle
Participle Uses Overview
Participles in a Sentence
Vocabulary for Chapter 7
Family Story: Childbirth
Scripture: Prophecy about Israel
Assignment 19
Grad Assignment 19
Assignment 20
Grad Assignment 20
Assignment 21
Grad Assignment 21
Chapter 8: Other patterns of nouns and verbs, including Middle-Only verbs
Middle-Only Verbs
Formation of Middle-Only Verbs: Present Indicative Middle
Formation of Middle-Only Verbs: Imperfect
Formation of Middle-Only Verbs: Future
Formation of Middle-Only Verbs: Aorist
Formation of Middle-Only Verbs: Imperatives
Formation of Middle-Only Verbs: Infinitives
Formation of Middle-Only Verbs: Participles
Pseudo-Gender-Transgressive Nouns
Vocabulary for Chapter 8
Family Story: Philip Crosses the Desert
Scripture: Jacob Wrestles the Angel
Verb Synopsis Example:
Assignment 22
Grad Assignment 22
Assignment 23
Grad Assignment 23
Chapter 9: Pronouns and conjunctions
Pronouns
Demonstrative Pronouns
Review of Αὐτος
Other 3rd Person Pronouns
First and Second Person Pronouns
Reflexive Pronouns
Conjunctions
Vocabulary for Chapter 9
Family Story: Questions and Answers
Scripture: Jesus at Gethsemani
Assignment 24
Grad Assignment 24
Assignment 25
Grad Assignment 25
Assignment 26
Grad Assignment 26
Chapter 10: Complex Sentences
Relative Clauses
Slanted Questions/Rhetorical Questions
Indirect Statements
Time Constructions
Vocabulary for Chapter 10
Family Story: Descriptions of Family Members
Scripture: John the Baptist
Assignment 27
Grad Assignment 27
Assignment 28
Grad Assignment 28
Assignment 29
Grad Assignment 29
Chapter 11: Special verbs
Second Aorists
Common Second Aorist Verbs (Table)
Root Aorists
Liquid Futures
Common Liquid Verbs
Vocabulary for Chapter 11
Family Story: Peter Comes for a Visit
Scripture: Parable of the Sower
Assignment 30
Grad Assignment 30
Assignment 31
Grad Assignment 31
Assignment 32
Grad Assignment 32
Chapter 12: Third declension (consonant stems), Part 1
Third Declension
Family Nouns
Comparative Adjectives
Interrogatives/Indefinites
Vocabulary for Chapter 12
Family Story: Peter Overstays his Welcome
Scripture: God as Consuming Fire
Assignment 33
Grad Assignment 33
Assignment 34
Grad Assignment 34
Assignment 35
Grad Assignment 35
Assignment 36
Grad Assignment 36
Assignment 37
Grad Assignment 37
Chapter 13: Third declension, Part 2
Third Declension, Part 2
Third declension Adjectives
Numbers
Negative Pronoun/Adjective: Nobody/Nothing/No
Annotation Techniques
Vocabulary for Chapter 13
Family Story: Oppression in Samaria
Scripture: Wipe Away Every Tear
Grad Assignment 38
Assignment 39
Grad Assignment 39
Assignment 40
Vocabulary for Assignment 40, The Intelligence of Elephants
Chapter 14: Participles, concluded
Participles Again, All the Cases
Participle Uses Overview, once more
Annotating Sentences, Part 2: Reed-Kellogg Diagrams and Syntax Trees
Reed-Kellogg Diagrams
Syntax Trees
Vocabulary for Chapter 14
Family Story: Jerusalem is Conquered
Scripture: Jesus Calls His Disciples
Assignment 41
Grad Assignment 41
Assignment 42
Grad Assignment 42
Assignment 43
Grad Assignment 43
Chapter 15: Verb Voices: Active, Middle, and Passive
Passive Voice
Middle Voice of Active Verbs
Passive Voice of Middle-Only Verbs
Passive-Only Verbs
Review: Voice
Vocabulary for Chapter 15
Family Story: Asking and Answering
Scripture: Jesus Answers Nicodemus
Assignment 44
Grad Assignment 44
Assignment 45
Grad Assignment 45
Chapter 16: Perfect (Stative) Aspect
Verbal Aspect Review(all tenses)
Perfect/Completed Aspect
Examples of Perfect-System Verbs from the NT
Vocabulary for Chapter 16
A “Perfect” Story
Family Story: Philip Remembers God’s Blessings
Scripture: The Priestly Prayer or John 17:22-26
Assignment 46
Grad Assignment 46
Assignment 47
Grad Assignment 47
Assignment 48
Grad Assignment 48
Chapter 17: Subjunctive Mood
Review: Verb Analysis
Subjunctive
Vocabulary for Chapter 17
Family Story: What to do about Salome?
Scripture: Sins and the Sword
Assignment 49
Grad Assignment 49
Assignment 50
Grad Assignment 50
Chapter 18: Other Verb Uses
Athematic Verbs
Forms of οἰδα
Infinitive Verbs Review
New Uses of Infinitives
Uses of Infinitives
3rd Person Imperatives
Review of Tense and Aspect
Vocabulary for Chapter 18
Family Story: Cleaning the House
Scripture: Denial and Belief
Assignment 51
Grad Assignment 51
Assignment 52
Grad Assignment 52
Chapter 19: Extra Verbs, Athematic and Contract Verbs
Mi-Verbs
Mi-verbs in the Aorist
Mi-Verbs in Ezekiel
Alpha-contract verbs
Omicron-contract verbs
Vocabulary for Chapter 19
Family Story: Celebrating Easter
Scripture: The Shema
Assignment 53
Grad Assignment 53
Assignment 54
Grad Assignment 54
Chapter 20: Final pieces
Conditions
Genitives Absolute
Periphrastic Verbs
Comparison of Adjectives
Comparison of Adverbs
Optative Mood
Optatives in Indirect Speech
Vocabulary for Chapter 20
Family Story, Concluded
Scripture: Philip meets the Ethiopian Eunuch
Assignment 55
Grad Assignment 55
Assignment 56
Grad Assignment 56
Assignment 57
Grad Assignment 57
Appendix A: Note to Instructors
Appendix B: The Fifteen Tenses of English and Their Latin and Greek Equivalents
Appendix C: Second and Root Aorists
Appendix D: Principal Parts of Verbs
Appendix E: all the forms of “be”
Appendix F: Vocabulary English-Greek (whole course)
Appendix G: Vocabulary Greek-English (whole course)
Appendix H: All the Verb Forms
Appendix I (“EYE”): Conspectus of Noun Endings
