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Electron Microscopy of Polymers

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There are many books on electron microscopy, however, the study of polymers using EM necessitates special techniques, precautions and preparation methods, including ultramicrotomy. This book discusses the general characteristics of the various techniques of EM, including scanning force microscopy (AFM). The application of these techniques to the study of morphology and properties, particularly micromechanical properties, is described in detail. Examples from all classes of polymers are presented.

Author(s): Goerg H. Michler (auth.)
Series: Springer Laboratory
Edition: 1
Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Year: 2008

Language: English
Pages: 473
Tags: Polymer Sciences; Analytical Chemistry; Biotechnology; Biochemistry, general; Condensed Matter

Front Matter....Pages I-XX
Introduction....Pages 1-3
Front Matter....Pages 5-5
Overview of Techniques....Pages 7-14
Transmission Electron Microscopy: Fundamentals of Methods and Instrumentation....Pages 15-51
Transmission Electron Microscopy: Conventional and Special Investigations of Polymers....Pages 53-85
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)....Pages 87-120
Atomic Force Microscopy....Pages 121-143
In Situ Microscopy....Pages 145-159
Image Processing and Image Analysis....Pages 161-171
Front Matter....Pages 173-173
Problems Associated with the Electron Microscopy of Polymers....Pages 175-183
Preparation of Surfaces....Pages 185-197
Preparation of Thin Sections: (Cryo)ultramicrotomy and (Cryo)microtomy....Pages 199-217
Special Preparation Techniques....Pages 219-230
Preparation for (In Situ) Deformation Tests....Pages 231-240
Contrast Enhancement....Pages 241-260
Front Matter....Pages 261-261
Structural Hierarchy of Polymers....Pages 263-276
Amorphous Polymers....Pages 277-293
Semicrystalline Polymers....Pages 295-327
Polymer Blends....Pages 329-349
High-Impact Rubber-Modified Polymers....Pages 351-371
Block Copolymers....Pages 373-392
Front Matter....Pages 261-261
Rubbers and Elastomers....Pages 393-403
Polymer Composites....Pages 405-417
Polymer Nanocomposites....Pages 419-428
Biomaterials....Pages 429-443
Special Processing Forms....Pages 445-463
Back Matter....Pages 465-473