This book uses new ideas and language for understanding how self-organization and complexity trend toward increased efficiency. Different measures for efficiency from multiple disciplines are used to probe the ones that provide the most insight. One major goal is to seek a common framework to trace the increase of efficiency as a measure of the level of organization and evolutionary stage of a complex system.
The chapters come from a satellite meeting hosted at the Conference on Complex Systems, in Cancun, 2017. The contributions will be peer-reviewed and contributors from outside the conference will be invited to submit chapters to ensure full coverage of the topics. This text will appeal to students and researchers working on complex systems and efficiency.
Author(s): Georgi Yordanov Georgiev, Mahmoud Shokrollahi-Far
Series: Springer Proceedings in Complexity
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 160
City: Cham
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Contents
On the Origin of Universal Patterns
1 Introduction
2 Statistical Physics of Open Systems
2.1 The Equation of State
2.2 The Equation of Evolution
3 The Universal Patterns
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Natural Classes and Natural Classification
1 Introduction
2 Hypotheses
3 Theory
3.1 Definitions
3.2 Classification as a Process
3.3 The Subjective Character of Classification
4 Discussion
4.1 Correspondence with Conceptual Classification
4.2 Correspondence with Prototype Theory
5 Conclusion
References
The Operator Theory: A Yardstick for Complexity from Quarks to Memons—Relationships with Evolution and Thermodynamics
1 Introduction
1.1 Relating Complexity to Thermodynamic Measures
1.2 Relating Complexity to Hierarchy
1.3 Relating Complexity to Causality
1.4 Outline of this Study
2 The Operator Hierarchy: A Short Introduction
2.1 The Term “System”
2.2 Narrowing the Scope to “Operators”
2.3 An Innovative, Stringent Naming of Major Classes of Systems
3 Operators of Increasing Complexity: Causes and Thermodynamics
3.1 Group 1: Operators Resulting from Condensation
3.2 Group 2: Operators Based on Contained Autocatalysis, Causing Reproduction and Competition
3.3 Group 3: Operators Competing on the Basis of Neural Activity
3.4 Group 4: Artifacts Resulting from Design (and Competition)
4 Discussion
4.1 Can Consistent Hierarchies Be Constructed Without Paying Attention to Kinds of Systems?
4.2 Self-Organization Versus Allo-Organization
The Self, and Self-Organization of Operators
Interactive Organization in Interaction Systems
Allo-Organization of Artifacts
5 Conclusions
References
Self-Organization in Stellar Evolution: Size-Complexity Rule
1 Introduction
2 Stellar Evolution Overview
2.1 Other Stellar Studies and Models
2.2 Hypothesis
3 Theory
3.1 Model and Overview of Previous Work
4 Data and Methods
4.1 Data and Previous Simulations
4.2 Methods
4.3 Initial Metallicity
4.4 Varying Explosion Energies
5 Results
5.1 Varying Explosion Energy, Varying Initial Metallicity
6 Discussion
7 Conclusions
Appendix
References
Trends and Technical Advancements on High-Efficiency Electric Motors: A Review
1 Introduction
2 Conventional and Segmented Switched Reluctance Motors
3 Induction Motors
4 Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
5 Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Motors
6 Comparison and Possible Future Applications
7 Conclusion
References
Predictability vs. Efficiency of Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Definitions, Preliminaries, and Prior Art
3 Examples of Discrete Boolean Networks that Are both Predictable and Efficient
4 Boolean Networks with Globally Unpredictable Dynamics
5 Summary and Conclusions
References
Efficiency of Grammars for Natural Languages
1 Introduction
2 Part-of-Speech Systems
3 Grammar Efficiency: The Old Formula
4 Grammar Efficiency: A New Formula
5 Conclusion
References
Self-Organizing Computational Efficiency in Quranic Grammar
1 Introduction
1.1 Efficiency
1.2 Domain
1.3 Abstraction
2 Arabic Knowledge-Based NLP Systems
2.1 Linguistic Frameworks in Arabic NLP Systems
2.2 Some Arabic NLP Systems and Their Drawbacks
3 Arabic Orthography
4 Typology of Arabic Morphology
5 Prosodic Morphology and Its Drawback
6 Regex Morpho-Syntax in Arabic
7 Mobin Knowledge-Based Parser and Tagger
8 Conclusions
Appendix
References
Index
