This book addresses the effectiveness of existing protected areas at conserving the diversity of genes, species and ecosystems on land and at sea. The book synthetizes the main biodiversity conservation outcomes of protected areas in the 2010-2019 decade, drawing on a systematic literature review of scientific publications and case studies from around the world demonstrating successes and failures. It provides region-specific results for land and sea ecosystems as well as for developed and developing countries. It also reviews current methodological approaches used to assess protected area effectiveness. The work is timely, since there is growing concern on the global biodiversity crisis among researchers, government organizations and the general public, as demonstrated by the 2030 targets established by the UN Sustainable Development Goals for Life Below Water (SDG 14) and Life On land (SDG15). The book is written in an easy and enjoyable style using numerous pictures, tables and graphs to make the content more engaging and understandable. The main intended audiences of the book are academics, from post-graduate students to university lecturers, and senior researchers in the fields of biodiversity conservation, sustainable development and environmental policy, as well as protected area managers and practitioners.
Author(s): David Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Javier Martínez-Vega
Series: Strategies for Sustainability
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2022
Language: English
Pages: 141
City: Cham
Foreword
Preface
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
Chapter 1: Human Impact on the Biosphere: A Contemporary Ecocide
Chapter 2: Strategies to Address the Biodiversity Crisis
Chapter 3: Protected Areas
Chapter 4: Protected Area Effectiveness: What Is It and How to Assess It?
Chapter 5: A Review of Protected Area Effectiveness Around the World: Methodological Approach
5.1 Purpose of the Literature Review
5.2 Protocol and Training
5.2.1 Search Database
5.2.2 Data Sources
5.2.3 Language
5.2.4 Date Range
5.2.5 Keywords
5.2.6 Data to Be Retrieved
5.3 Literature Search
5.4 Article Screening
5.5 Quality Appraisal
5.6 Data Extraction
5.7 Synthesis
5.8 Writing the Review
5.9 Methodological Considerations
Chapter 6: Main Findings on Protected Area Effectiveness
6.1 Main Findings on Protected Area Effectiveness
6.1.1 Are PAs Effective at Conserving Biodiversity?
6.1.2 What Indicators, Realms, Biodiversity Types, Regions and Countries Have Been Assessed Most?
6.1.3 What Are the Most Relevant Pressures to PAs?
6.1.4 What Factors Contribute to the Success or Failure of PAs at Conserving Biodiversity?
6.2 Methodological Approaches to Assessing PA Effectiveness
6.3 Successes and Failures: Lessons Learned
6.3.1 Successful Cases
6.3.1.1 Case Study 1: Cabo Pulmo National Park, Mexico
6.3.1.1.1 Description of the Site
6.3.1.1.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.1.1.3 National Park Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.1.1.4 Results
6.3.1.2 Case Study 2: Scandola Marine Reserve, France
6.3.1.2.1 Description of the Site
6.3.1.2.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.1.2.3 Marine Reserve Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.1.2.4 Results
6.3.1.3 Case Study 3: Cerrado Landscape, Brazil
6.3.1.3.1 Description of the Site
6.3.1.3.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.1.3.3 PA Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.1.3.4 Results
6.3.1.4 Case Study 4: Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania
6.3.1.4.1 Description of the Site
6.3.1.4.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.1.4.3 National Park Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.1.4.4 Results
6.3.2 Lessons Learned from Success Stories
6.3.2.1 Effectiveness Factors
6.3.2.2 Recommendations
6.3.3 Failure Cases
6.3.3.1 Case Study 5: Sumilon and Apo No-Take Marine Reserves, Philippines
6.3.3.1.1 Description of the Site
6.3.3.1.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.3.1.3 No-Take Marine Reserve Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.3.1.4 Results
6.3.3.2 Case Study 6: Yancheng Nature Reserve, China
6.3.3.2.1 Description of the Site
6.3.3.2.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.3.2.3 Nature Reserve Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.3.2.4 Results
6.3.3.3 Case Study 7: Cuenca Alta del Manzanares Regional Park, Spain
6.3.3.3.1 Description of the Site
6.3.3.3.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.3.3.3 Regional Park Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.3.3.4 Results
6.3.3.4 Case Study 8: Korup National Park, Cameroon
6.3.3.4.1 Description of the Site
6.3.3.4.2 Protected Biodiversity and Threats
6.3.3.4.3 National Park Effectiveness Assessment
6.3.3.4.4 Results
6.3.4 Lessons Learned from Failure Cases
6.3.4.1 Ineffectiveness Factors
6.3.4.2 Recommendations
Chapter 7: The Future of Protected Areas and Biodiversity
Appendix 1
Articles Included in the Review
References
Index
