Educational Law provides a comprehensive survey of the legal problems and issues that confront school administrators and policymakers. If there is a greater likelihood of litigation or error in a particular area of professional practice, the discussion is more extensive. The book is organized in accordance with the author's belief that students need to read cases to understand the subtlety and richness of the law, but for legal neophytes, cases without discussion and interpretation are often difficult to comprehend. Thus the text both explains the important concepts and principles of education law and presents court decisions to illuminate them. By employing this structure, the book combines the strengths of the traditional casebook and those of the legal treatise. It also discusses the implications of the law for educational policy and practice.
Author(s): Michael Imber, Tyll van Geel
Edition: 3
Year: 2004
Language: English
Pages: 544
Contents......Page 12
Preface......Page 18
1.1 Forms of Law......Page 22
1.2 The Courts and Education Law......Page 26
1.3 The Judicial System......Page 27
1.4 Elements of a Judicial Decision......Page 30
1.5 Legal Citations......Page 33
1.6 Summary......Page 35
2 Compulsory Education......Page 37
2.1 Compulsory Education Laws: An Overview......Page 38
Pierce v. Society of Sisters......Page 39
2.2 Exemptions from Compulsory Education......Page 42
Wisconsin v. Yoder......Page 43
2.3 Admission Requirements and School Assignment......Page 51
Meyer v. Nebraska......Page 56
2.5 Government Assistance to Private Schools......Page 67
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris......Page 75
2.6 Summary......Page 80
3 Curriculum......Page 82
3.1 Control of the Public School Program: An Overview......Page 83
3.2 Statutory Limitations on School Board Control of Curriculum......Page 87
3.3 Objections to Religious Observances in Public Schools......Page 88
School District of Abington Township v. Schempp......Page 89
Florey v. Sioux Falls School District 49-5......Page 100
3.4 Religious and Moral Objections to Course Content and Materials......Page 106
Smith v. Board of School Commissioners of Mobile County......Page 109
3.5 Free Speech and Related Objections to Programs and Policies......Page 115
Virgil v. School Board of Columbia County......Page 121
3.6 Objections to Discriminatory Material......Page 124
3.7 Federal Statutory Restrictions on School Programs......Page 126
3.8 Summary......Page 133
4 Student Free Speech Rights......Page 136
4.1 Freedom of Expression: An Overview......Page 137
4.2 Independent Student Speech......Page 141
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District......Page 142
4.3 School-Sponsored Speech......Page 155
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier......Page 156
Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser......Page 162
4.4 Off-Campus Speech......Page 167
Thomas v. Board of Education......Page 168
4.5 Freedom of Association and Use of School Facilities......Page 171
4.6 Summary......Page 176
5 Student Discipline......Page 178
5.1 The Making of Rules......Page 180
5.2 The Use of Force to Control Students......Page 185
5.3 The Investigation of Misconduct......Page 186
New Jersey v.T.L.O.......Page 190
Board of Education of Independent School District No. 92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earls......Page 200
5.4 The Adjudication of Guilt......Page 205
Goss v. Lopez......Page 206
Gonzales v. McEuen......Page 212
5.5 The Assignment of Punishment......Page 219
5.6 Summary......Page 224
6 Equal Educational Opportunity: Race and Gender......Page 226
6.1 The Equal Protection Clause and Racial Discrimination......Page 227
6.2 Historical Perspective: Equal Protection Prior to Brown v. Board of Education......Page 228
Brown v. Board of Education (Brown I)......Page 232
Brown v. Board of Education (Brown II)......Page 239
6.5 Other Forms of Racial Discrimination......Page 247
Hawkins v. Coleman......Page 248
6.6 Affirmative Action and Voluntary Racial Integration......Page 251
6.7 The Equal Protection Clause and Gender Discrimination......Page 256
Garrett v. Board of Education of School District of Detroit......Page 259
6.8 Federal Antidiscrimination Statutes......Page 262
6.9 Racial and Sexual Harassment......Page 266
6.10 Summary......Page 272
7 Students with Special Needs......Page 275
7.1 Historical Perspectives: The Education of Children with Disabilities......Page 276
7.2 The Rehabilitation Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act......Page 277
7.3 The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act......Page 283
Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley......Page 288
Daniel R.R. v. State Board of Education......Page 298
7.4 English Language Learners......Page 311
Castaneda v. Pickard......Page 314
7.5 Classification by Age and Ability......Page 323
7.6 Summary......Page 324
8 School Finance......Page 326
8.1 A Legal Perspective on School Finance......Page 327
8.2 The Federal Constitution and School Finance......Page 329
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez......Page 332
8.3 State Constitutions and School Finance......Page 339
Seranno v. Priest......Page 341
Rose v. Council for Better Education, Inc.......Page 347
8.4 Local School Board Authority to Raise and Spend Money......Page 356
8.5 Summary......Page 359
9 Federal Constitutional and Statutory Rights of Teachers......Page 361
9.1 Political Activity and Noncurricular Speech......Page 362
Pickering v. Board of Education......Page 365
9.2 Academic Freedom and Curricular Speech......Page 372
9.3 Privacy, Morality and Lifestyle......Page 377
9.4 Race, Ethnicity, and Gender......Page 386
Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education......Page 389
Richardson v. Lamar County Board of Education......Page 397
9.5 Religion......Page 408
9.6 Disability......Page 411
9.7 Age......Page 416
9.8 Summary......Page 418
10.1 Eligibility for Employment......Page 420
10.2 Assignment, Transfer, and Demotion......Page 422
10.3 Probationary Teachers: Evaluation, Renewal, and Tenure......Page 423
10.4 Dismissal for Cause......Page 425
In re Proposed Termination of James E. Johnson......Page 433
Youngman v. Doerhoff......Page 435
Board of Education of Long Beach Unified School District v. Jack M.......Page 443
Krizek v. Cicero-Stickney Township High School District No. 201......Page 447
10.5 Procedural Due Process......Page 452
Hortonville Joint School District No. 1 v. Hortonville Education Association......Page 456
10.6 Reduction in Force......Page 461
10.7 Leaves of Absence......Page 462
10.8 Workers' Compensation......Page 463
10.9 Summary......Page 464
11.1 Collective Bargaining for Teachers: An Overview......Page 467
11.2 Rights of Union Members......Page 472
Armstrong Education Association v. Armstrong School District......Page 475
11.3 Rights of Nonunion Members......Page 478
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education......Page 480
11.4 Rights and Duties in Collective Bargaining......Page 487
Chee-Craw Teachers Association v. Unified School District No. 247, Crawford County......Page 489
11.5 Grievance Procedures......Page 493
11.6 Individual Teacher Contracts......Page 495
Bottineau Public School District No. 1 v. Currie......Page 500
11.7 Summary......Page 506
12 Torts......Page 507
12.1 Intentional Torts: Battery, Assault, False Imprisonment, and Intentional Infliction of Mental Distress......Page 508
12.2 Defamation and Employee Letters of Reference......Page 512
12.3 Invasion of Privacy, Student Records, and the Duty to Report Child Abuse......Page 519
12.4 Negligence......Page 522
Barbin v. State......Page 532
Broward County School Board v. Ruiz......Page 535
Hoyem v. Manhatten Beach School District......Page 537
12.5 Negligent Hiring and Vicarious Liability......Page 542
12.6 Liability for Dangerous Buildings and Grounds......Page 546
12.7 Educational Malpractice......Page 549
12.8 Governmental Immunity and Statutes Affecting Tort Suits......Page 550
12.9 Section 1983 and Tortious Violations of Federal Law......Page 553
Jefferson v. Ysleta Independent School District......Page 556
12.10 Summary......Page 561
The Constitution of the United States......Page 564
Table of Cases......Page 568
B......Page 590
D......Page 591
E......Page 592
I......Page 593
M......Page 594
R......Page 595
S......Page 596
Z......Page 597
