This book explores how education influences economic and social development. With a particular focus on the role of higher education and universities, policies that promote education are analysed to highlight how economic development can be encouraged (and hindered) through policymaking. Comparative trends within Europe and Romania are examined to provide insight into the different ways in which education has evolved across the continent. The relationship between levels of education and employability, personal development, and professional development is also discussed.
This book aims to examine how education policies can maximise economic growth and social development. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in economic development and education economics.
Author(s): Daniela-Mihaela Neamţu
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 562
City: Cham
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Chapter 1: Introduction – The Temporal Dynamics of Education
Part I: The Emergence of Education and Its Economic Dimension
Chapter 2: Education: Conceptual and Methodological Approaches
Education—Foundation of Social and Economic Development
Education—The Foundation of Human Development
The Economic Approach to Education
Theories on Human Capital: Assumptions, Limitations, and Alternatives
The Signaling Theory on the Labor Market
The Market for Educational Services and Its Peculiarities
Institutionalism in Education
References
Chapter 3: Theories and Models on the Relationship Between Education and Economic Development
The Impact of Higher Education on Social and Economic Development
Education and Economy—In the Vision of the Economic Growth Models
References
Chapter 4: Economic Scale of Education
Education Between Costs and Benefits
The Impact of Education on the Economy
The Mincerian Equation
References
Chapter 5: Higher Education for the Social and Economic Development
References
Part II: Practice Beats Theory
Chapter 6: Case Studies of Best Practices in Higher Education
The United Kingdom
Sweden
Poland
South Korea: The Miracle on the Han River
References
Chapter 7: Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Higher Education and Economic Development
Evolution of the Participation Rate in Tertiary Education (%) in the Period 1971–2012
Evolution of Gross Domestic Product Per Inhabitant for the Period 1971–2013
Correlation Between the Participation Rate in Tertiary Education (%) and the Gross Domestic Product Per Inhabitant ($)
Analysis of the Link Between the Participation Rate in Tertiary Education and GDP Per Capita in the United Kingdom
Link Between Participation Rate in Tertiary Education and Gross Domestic Product Per Inhabitant in South Korea
Link Between Participation Rate in Tertiary Education and Gross Domestic Product Per Inhabitant in Poland
The Link Between the Participation Rate in Tertiary Education and the Gross Domestic Product Per Inhabitant in Romania
Analysis of the Link Between Participation Rates in Tertiary Education and GDP Per Capita in Sweden
References
Part III: Understanding the Numbers and Narratives. Good and Bad News
Chapter 8: Trends and Evolutions of Higher Education Related to the European Integration and Membership
Public Spending for Higher Education During 2000–2018
Expenses Per Student in Euro PPS, at Higher Education Level (ISCED 5–6)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Rate in the Period 2000–2020
The Evolution of the Percentage of GDP for Education During 2000–2020 Period
The Percentage of GDP of Spending on Research and Development in Countries of the European Union
The Ratio of the Population Aged Between 25–64 Years in Lifelong Learning (LLL)
Number of Students in Higher Education (1000) (ISCED 5–6)
The Ratio of Opting for Higher Education in the EU—Population Aged 30–34 Years Old
Total Number of Higher Education Graduates in the Period 2000–2021
School Dropout
Higher Education Graduates in Fields of Study in the EU
References
Chapter 9: Systems of Benchmarking Indicator Characterizing Modern Economy
The Global Competitiveness Index
The KAM Method
The Human Capital Index
The European Lifelong Learning Index
The Human Development Indicator
References
Chapter 10: The Relationships GCI-ELLI-HCI
The Correlation Between the European Lifelong Learning Index (ELLI) and the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) in the Countries of the European Union
References
Chapter 11: The 2020 Strategy
The Goals and Objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy for the Field of Education
Benchmarks and Trends of the Romanian University System During 2000–2020
Political and Legislative Benchmarks
Economic Benchmarks and Developments
Social Analysis
Social Factors
Demographic Factors
The National-Cultural Factor
Technological Analysis
Why Do We Need Research—Innovation for?
References
Chapter 12: Quantification of the Impact Level of Education on the Economic Development of Nations
General Aspects of the Level of Education of Romania’s Regions
Comparative Analysis of the Dispersion of University Centers and the Number of Students in Countries: United Kingdom, Sweden, South Korea, Poland, and Romania
Regional Disparities in the Level of Education of the Population
Share of the Population with a Low Level of Education
Share of the Population with a High Level of Education
Differences in Adult Participation in Lifelong Learning
Inequalities in Population Employment, Unemployment, and Economic Development by Development Region
Differences in Population Occupancy by Level of Training
Changes in Terms of Unemployment in Romania
The GDP per Capita on a Regional Basis
The Link Between the Level of Education and the Degree of Regional Economic Development
References
Part IV: Detached From Contemporary Reality
Chapter 13: Empirical Research on the Gap between Level of Education and Employability Based on Work Satisfaction
Defining the Decision-Making Issue
Quantitative Research on University Graduates’ Opinions in Terms of Interconnections between the Level of Education and Employability Based on Work Satisfaction
Establishing the Target, Objectives, and Assumptions of the Research
Research Objectives
Research Hypotheses
Presenting the Research Methodology
Testing the Questionnaire
Establishing the Size of the Sample
Data Processing, Analysis, and Interpretation
Analysis of Differences of Opinion between Respondents, Grouped According to Different Criteria
Qualitative Research from the Point of View of Employers Regarding the Compatibility between the Level of Education and Employability
The Research Objectives, Methodology, and Benchmarks
Conducting Interviews
Data Processing and Analysis from the Point of View of both Employers and Experts/Recruiters
References
Chapter 14: Conclusions Regarding the Social and Economic Dimension of Education
Annexes
Annex 1: Temporal Evolution of Human Capital Approaches
Annex 2: Evolution of GDP Per Capita, ($) in the European Union, 2000–2020
Annex 3: Examples of Variables Used in Econometric Growth Models
Annex 3a: Benefits of Education
Annex 4: The Influencing Factors of Economic Growth
Annex 5: Weekly Incomes Earned According to Level of Education, 1979–2021
Annex 6: Average Annual Income According to the Levels of Education and Training Courses (2012–2022)
Annex 7: Correlation of PISA Tests with Some Economic Variables
Annex 8: Participation Rate in Tertiary Education in the Period 1971–2020 (% Gross)
Annex 9: Gross Domestic Product in the Period 1971–2020
Annex 10: Results of the Descriptive Analysis for the Dependent Variable Gross Domestic Product Per Inhabitant and the Participation Rate in Tertiary Education in the Case of the Countries Under Review
United Kingdom
South Korea
Poland
Romania
Sweden
Annex 11: Public Expenditure on Higher Education (ISCED 5–8) as a Percentage of GDP
Annex 12: (a) EU-Wide University Graduates (2000–2012)
Annex 12: (b) EU-Wide University Graduates (2013–2020)—ISCED 2011 Fields of Study
Annex 13: Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) 2014–2015
Annex 14: Human Capital Index, 2020, 2018 Back-Calculated and 2010
Annex 15: Human Capital Index (HCI), 2012
Annex 16: Global Competitiveness Index (GCI 4.0) 2018–2019
Annex 17: (a) Human Development Index and Its Components, 2019
Annex 18: (a) Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index, 2019
Annex 18: (b) Human Index Trends, 1990–2019
Annex 19: Questionnaire
Annex 20: What Happens to the Graduates of the “Stefan cel Maré” University in Suceava?
Research Methodology:
The Investigated Batch:
Results
Annex 21: Population Aged 25–64 Years with a Low Level of Education by Region
Population Aged 25–64 Years with a Higher Level of Education by Region
Population Aged 25–64 Years by Education Levels and by Gender—Romania
Employment Rate of the Population Aged 25–64 Years Depending on the Level of Education
Annex 22: Regional Disparities in the Number of Students and University Centers in South Korea, Great Britain, Sweden, Poland, and Romania
References
Books
Articles
Reports
Web sources
