Nazi Germany and Japan occupied huge areas at least for some period during World War II, and those territories became integral parts of their war economies. The book focuses on the policies of World War II aggressors in occupied countries. The unbalanced economic and financial relations were defined by administrative control, the implementation of institutions and a variety of military exploitation strategies. Plundering, looting and requisitions were frequent aggressive acts, but beyond these interventions by force, specific institutions were created to gain control over the occupied economies as a whole. An appropriate institutional setting was also crucial to give incentives to the companies in the occupied countries to produce munitions for the aggressors. The book explains the main fields of war exploitation (organisation and control, war financing and workforce recruitment). It substantiates these aspects in case studies of occupied countries and gives examples of the business policy of multinational companies under war conditions. The book also provides an account of differences and similarities of the two occupation systems. Economies under Occupation will interest researchers specialising in the history of economic thought as well as in economic theory and philosophy. It will also engage readers concerned with regional European and Japanese studies and imperial histories.
Author(s): Marcel Boldorf, Tetsuji Okazaki
Edition: 1
Publisher: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group
Year: 2015
Language: English
Pages: 350
Tags: Germany: Economic Policy: 1933-1945, Japan: Economic Policy: 1918-1945, Military Occupation: Economic Aspects: Europe: 20th Century
Cover......Page 1
Title......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
List of figures......Page 10
List of tables......Page 12
Contributors......Page 14
1 Introduction......Page 16
I The system of occupation......Page 20
2 European economies under National Socialist rule......Page 22
3 Strategies and organizations for managing the ‘Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere’......Page 39
II War financing......Page 52
4 The German system of financing occupation......Page 54
5 Paying for war, 1941–1945: how Japan financed Southeast Asia’s occupation......Page 70
III Exploiting the foreign labour force......Page 86
6 Forced labour in Nazi-occupied Europe, 1939–1945......Page 88
7 Development of labour policy in ‘Manchukuo’ and its limit, 1933–1943......Page 101
IV Incorporation of territories in the war economy......Page 112
8 The French economy under German occupation, 1940–1944......Page 114
9 German economic rule in occupied Belgium, 1940–1944......Page 127
10 Nazi Germany’s financial exploitation of Norway during the occupation, 1940–1945......Page 145
11 The incorporation of the General Government in the German war economy......Page 162
12 The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia under German control, 1939–1944......Page 176
13 Development and management of the Manchurian economy under Japan’s empire......Page 193
14 The Philippine economy during the Japanese occupation, 1941–1945......Page 206
15 The eclipse of the Indonesian economy under Japanese occupation......Page 220
16 The Burmese economy under the Japanese occupation, 1942–1945......Page 233
17 Indochina during World War II: an economy under Japanese control......Page 247
V Multinationals acting in occupied economies......Page 260
18 German steel industry’s expansion in occupied Europe: business strategies and exploitation practice......Page 262
19 The French opportunity: a Danish construction company working for the Germans in France, 1940–1944......Page 277
20 Management of the South Manchuria Railway Company......Page 295
21 Shanghai’s cotton textile industry during the Pacific War: exploring relations with Japan and the transformation of the economic structure......Page 308
22 Conclusion: differences and similarities of the two occupation regimes......Page 331
Index......Page 344
