Ecology: Principles and Applications

Ecology: principles and applications Second Edition J. L. Chapman, M.A., Ph.D. Department of Earth Sciences University of Cambridge M. J. Reiss, M.A .. Ph.D. Homerton College Cambridge CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge. New York. Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore. Sao Paulo. Delhi, Mexico City Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www .cambridge.org/9780521588027 © Cambridge University Press 1992. 1999 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exceptions and to the provisions of relevant col!ective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. This edition first published 1999 12th printing 2012 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press. Cambridge A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-521-58802-7 Paperback Prepared for publication by Stenton Associates Cover illustration by Linda Baker-Smith Text illustrations_ by Chris Etheridge and Ian Evans