Presenting a systematic model reduction and hierarchical controller design framework for broad classes of integrated process systems encountered in practice, this book first studies process systems with large material recycle and/or with small purge streams, followed by systems with energy integration. Step-by-step model reduction procedures are developed to derive nonlinear reduced models of the dynamics in each time scale. Hierarchical control architectures consisting of coordinated levels of control action in different time scales are proposed for each class of process systems considered to enforce stability, tracking performance and disturbance rejection. Numerous process applications are discussed in detail to illustrate the application of the methods and their potential to improve process operations. MATLAB codes are also presented to guide further application of the methods developed and facilitate practical implementations.
Author(s): Michael Baldea, Prodromos Daoutidis
Series: Cambridge Series in Chemical Engineering
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2012
Language: English
Pages: xiv+258
Tags: Химия и химическая промышленность;Матметоды и моделирование в химии;
Dynamics and Nonlinear Control of Integrated Process Systems......Page 4
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 12
Part I: Preliminaries......Page 16
1 Introduction......Page 18
2.2 Properties of ODE systems with small parameters......Page 26
2.3 Nonstandard singularly perturbed systems with two time scales......Page 36
2.4 Singularly perturbed systems with three or more time scales......Page 44
2.5 Control of singularly perturbed systems......Page 45
2.6 Synopsis......Page 46
Part II: Process systems with material integration......Page 48
3.2 Modeling of process systems with large recycle streams......Page 50
3.3.1 Fast dynamics......Page 54
3.3.2 Slow dynamics......Page 55
3.4.1 Hierarchical controller design......Page 57
3.4.3 Control in the slow time scale......Page 58
3.4.4 Cascaded control configurations......Page 59
3.5.1 Process description......Page 62
3.5.2 Model reduction and hierarchical controller design......Page 66
Supervisory control in the slow time scale......Page 70
3.5.3 Simulation results and discussion......Page 73
3.6 Synopsis......Page 78
4.1 Introduction......Page 79
4.2.1 Processes with light impurities......Page 80
4.2.2 Processes with heavy impurities......Page 82
4.3 Modeling of process systems with recycle and purge......Page 85
4.4 Dynamic analysis and model reduction......Page 88
4.5.1 Processes with light impurities......Page 92
4.5.2 Processes with heavy impurities......Page 94
4.6.1 Processes with slow secondary reactions......Page 95
4.6.2 An analogy with systems with large recycle......Page 97
4.7 Control implications......Page 99
4.8.1 Process description......Page 100
4.8.3 Controller design......Page 101
4.8.4 Simulation results and discussion......Page 103
4.9 Synopsis......Page 116
5.2 System description and modeling......Page 117
5.3.1 Fast dynamics at the unit level......Page 120
5.3.2 Process-level dynamics......Page 121
5.3.3 Slow dynamics of the impurity levels......Page 123
5.4.2 Supervisory control at the process level......Page 125
5.4.4 Real-time optimization......Page 126
5.5.1 Process description......Page 127
5.5.2 System analysis......Page 130
5.5.3 Reduced-order modeling......Page 131
5.5.4 Hierarchical control system design......Page 137
5.5.5 Simulation results and discussion......Page 141
5.6 Synopsis......Page 154
Part III: Process systems with energy integration......Page 156
6.1 Introduction......Page 158
6.2 Dynamics of processes with significant energy recovery......Page 159
6.3 Model reduction......Page 162
6.5 Illustrative examples......Page 166
6.5.1 Cascade of heated tanks......Page 167
6.5.2 Processes with feed–effluent heat exchange......Page 168
6.5.3 Energy-integrated distillation......Page 171
6.6.1 Process description......Page 174
6.6.2 System analysis......Page 176
6.6.3 Reduced-order modeling......Page 178
6.6.4 Controller design......Page 184
6.6.5 Simulation results and discussion......Page 186
6.7 Synopsis......Page 191
7.2 Modeling of process systems with high energy throughput......Page 192
7.3 Nonlinear model reduction......Page 193
7.5.1 System description......Page 195
7.5.2 Reduced-order modeling......Page 198
7.5.4 Simulation results and discussion......Page 210
7.6.1 Process description......Page 216
7.6.2 System modeling and model reduction......Page 217
7.6.3 Control implications and controller implementation......Page 223
7.6.4 Simulation results and discussion......Page 227
7.7 Synopsis......Page 235
Part IV: Appendices......Page 236
A.1 Lie derivatives. Involutivity......Page 238
A.3 Differential algebraic equations (DAEs)......Page 239
Appendix B: Systems with multiple-time-scale dynamics......Page 244
Appendix C: Matlab code......Page 252
References......Page 261
Index......Page 271
