A solid understanding of MRI physics is essential for both residents and practicing radiologists, and Duke Review of MRI Physics Principles: Case Review Series, 2nd Edition, provides practical applications, board-style self-assessment questions, and clinically relevant cases in a high-yield, easy-to-digest format. Designed to help you solve clinical questions, arrive at accurate diagnoses, and use MRI more effectively in your practice, it uses a case-based approach to demonstrate the basic physics of MRI and how it applies to successful and accurate imaging, interpretation, and diagnosis.
Key Features
Focuses on 18 key MRI principles (such as T1 contrast, T2 contrast, and proton density), using a series of cases that make difficult concepts engaging and understandable.
Features over 800 high-quality MR images in a full-color, user-friendly case format with clear explanations of physics and other MRI principles.
Shares the experience and knowledge of a multidisciplinary author team comprising radiology residents, practicing radiologists, and radiology physicists who provide practical guidance for each body system – neurologic, breast, body, vascular, and musculoskeletal.
Author(s): Wells Mangrum, Quoc Bao Hoang, Tim Amrhein, Scott Duncan, Charles Maxfield, Elmar Merkle, Allen Song
Series: Case Review Series
Edition: 2nd Edition
Publisher: Elsevier
Year: 2018
Language: English
Pages: 267
Tags: Radiology
IFC......Page 2
Duke Reviewof MRI Physics: CASE REVIEW SERIES
......Page 3
Volumes in the CASE REVIEW Series......Page 4
Duke Reviewof MRI Physics: CASE REVIEW SERIES
......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Dedication
......Page 7
CONTRIBUTORS......Page 9
SERIES FOREWORD......Page 11
PREFACE......Page 13
CONTENTS......Page 15
1 - T1 Contrast
......Page 17
Basic Spin Principles and T1 Relaxation......Page 18
Gradient Recalled Echo......Page 19
Clinical Applications......Page 20
CASE 1.3 ANSWERS......Page 21
Discussion......Page 22
CASE 1.4 ANSWERS......Page 23
TAKE-HOME POINTS......Page 24
Suggested Readings......Page 25
2 - T2 Contrast
......Page 27
Basic Spin Principles and T2 Relaxation......Page 28
Spin Echo......Page 29
Gradient Recalled Echo......Page 30
CASE 2.2 ANSWER......Page 31
CASES 2.3, 2.4, AND 2.5 ANSWERS......Page 33
CASES 2.6 AND 2.7 ANSWERS......Page 35
CASE 2.8 ANSWER......Page 36
Vasogenic Edema and Cytotoxic Edema......Page 37
CASES 2.9, 2.10, AND 2.11 ANSWERS......Page 38
CASES 2.12, 2.13, AND 2.14 ANSWERS......Page 39
CASES 2.15, 2.16, AND 2.17 ANSWER......Page 41
CASE 2.19 ANSWER......Page 42
CASE 2.20 ANSWER......Page 43
CASE 2.22 ANSWER......Page 44
Prostate Adenocarcinoma Invasion into the Left Seminal Vesicles......Page 45
Clinical Considerations......Page 46
References......Page 47
3 - Proton Density
......Page 49
Physics......Page 50
Clinical Considerations......Page 51
Discussion......Page 52
Suggested Readings......Page 53
4 - Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents
......Page 55
Physics......Page 56
CASE 4.2 ANSWERS......Page 57
CASE 4.3 ANSWERS......Page 58
CASE 4.4 ANSWERS......Page 59
CASE 4.5 ANSWERS......Page 60
CASE 4.6 ANSWERS......Page 61
CASE 4.7 ANSWERS......Page 62
Suggested Readings......Page 63
5 - Frequency and Spatial Saturation Pulses
......Page 65
Saturation Pulses......Page 66
CASE 5.3 ANSWERS......Page 68
CASE 5.4 ANSWERS......Page 69
Suggested Readings......Page 70
6 - Inversion Recovery
......Page 71
Inversion Recovery......Page 72
Discussion......Page 73
CASE 6.2 ANSWERS......Page 74
CASE 6.3 ANSWER......Page 75
CASE 6.4 ANSWER......Page 76
CASE 6.6 ANSWERS......Page 77
CASE 6.7 ANSWER......Page 78
Suggested Readings......Page 80
7 - Type 2 Chemical Shift Artifact
......Page 81
Type 2 Chemical Shift......Page 82
CASES 7.2 AND 7.3 ANSWERS......Page 84
Signal Loss from T2* Decay......Page 85
CASES 7.4 AND 7.5 ANSWERS......Page 86
CASES 7.6 AND 7.7 ANSWERS......Page 87
Dixon Technique......Page 88
References......Page 90
8 - Susceptibility Artifact
......Page 93
Susceptibility Artifact......Page 94
Susceptibility in Gradient Recalled Echo and Susceptibility-Weighted Image Sequences......Page 97
CASE 8.5 ANSWER......Page 98
CASE 8.6 ANSWER......Page 99
CASES 8.7 AND 8.8 ANSWERS......Page 100
CASE 8.9 ANSWER......Page 101
CASE 8.10 ANSWER......Page 102
CASE 8.11 ANSWER......Page 104
Sequences Sensitive to Susceptibility Effects......Page 105
References......Page 106
9 - Motion, Pulsation, and Other Artifacts
......Page 107
Motion and Pulsation Artifact......Page 108
CASE 9.3 ANSWER......Page 111
CASE 9.4 ANSWER......Page 112
CASE 9.5 ANSWER......Page 113
CASE 9.6 ANSWER......Page 114
CASE 9.7 ANSWERS......Page 115
CASE 9.8 ANSWER......Page 116
CASE 9.9 ANSWER......Page 117
CASE 9.10 ANSWER......Page 118
CASE 9.11 ANSWER......Page 119
TAKE-HOME POINTS......Page 120
Suggested Readings......Page 121
10 - Vascular Contrast
......Page 123
CASE ANSWERS......Page 124
Flow-Related Enhancement......Page 125
Gradient Moment Nulling......Page 126
CASE 10.2 ANSWER......Page 128
CASE 10.3 ANSWERS......Page 129
Discussion......Page 130
CASE 10.5 ANSWER......Page 131
CASE 10.6 ANSWER......Page 132
CASE 10.8 ANSWER......Page 133
CASE 10.9 ANSWERS......Page 134
TAKE-HOME POINTS......Page 135
References......Page 136
11 - Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
......Page 137
Black Blood Technique......Page 138
White Blood Technique......Page 139
CASE 11.2 ANSWER......Page 140
CASE 11.3 ANSWERS......Page 141
CASE 11.4 ANSWERS......Page 142
CASE 11.5 ANSWER......Page 143
Discussion......Page 144
CASE 11.6 ANSWERS......Page 145
References......Page 146
12 - Time-of-Flight Imaging
......Page 147
Signal Saturation......Page 148
Limitations to Time of Flight......Page 149
Additional Properties Unique to Time of Flight......Page 150
Discussion......Page 151
CASE 12.2 ANSWERS......Page 152
CASE 12.3 ANSWERS......Page 153
CASE 12.4 ANSWER......Page 154
CASE 12.5 ANSWER......Page 155
CASE 12.6 ANSWER......Page 156
CASE 12.7 ANSWER......Page 158
References......Page 159
13 - Time-Resolved Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography
......Page 161
k-Space Physics......Page 162
Parallel Imaging......Page 163
CASE 13.2 ANSWERS......Page 165
CASE 13.3 ANSWER......Page 166
CASE 13.4 ANSWERS......Page 168
CASE 13.5 ANSWER......Page 170
CASE 13.6 ANSWER......Page 172
CASE 13.7 ANSWER......Page 173
References......Page 174
14 - Phase Contrast
......Page 175
Case Answers......Page 176
Conventional Two- and Three-Dimensional Phase Contrast Imaging......Page 177
Magnetic Resonance Venogram......Page 179
CASE 14.3 ANSWERS......Page 180
CASE 14.4 ANSWERS......Page 181
CASE 14.5 ANSWERS......Page 182
References......Page 185
15 - Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
......Page 187
Case Answers......Page 188
Physics......Page 189
CASE 15.2 ANSWERS......Page 191
Discussion......Page 192
CASE 15.5 ANSWERS......Page 193
Discussion......Page 194
CASE 15.7 ANSWER......Page 195
CASE 15.8 ANSWER......Page 196
CASE 15.9 ANSWER......Page 197
CASE 15.10 ANSWER......Page 198
CASE 15.11 ANSWER......Page 199
CASE 15.12 ANSWER......Page 200
References......Page 201
16 - Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
......Page 203
CASE ANSWER......Page 204
CASE 16.2 ANSWER......Page 205
CASE 16.3 ANSWER......Page 206
CASE 16.4 ANSWER......Page 207
CASE 16.5 ANSWER......Page 208
MRI Perfusion Methods......Page 209
CASE 16.6 ANSWER......Page 211
CASE 16.7 ANSWER......Page 212
CASE 16.8 ANSWER......Page 213
CASE 16.9 ANSWER......Page 214
CASE 16.10 ANSWER......Page 215
References......Page 217
CASE ANSWER......Page 219
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy......Page 220
Normal Spectrum......Page 221
Astrocytoma Grading......Page 222
CASE 17.3 ANSWER......Page 223
CASE 17.4 ANSWER......Page 224
CASE 17.5 ANSWER......Page 225
CASE 17.7 ANSWER......Page 226
Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy......Page 227
CASE 17.8 ANSWER......Page 228
CASE 17.9 ANSWER......Page 229
CASE 17.10 ANSWERS......Page 230
References......Page 231
18 - Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
......Page 233
Case Answers......Page 234
BOLD Effect and the Hemodynamic Response......Page 235
Creating fMRI Images......Page 236
CASE 18.2 ANSWERS......Page 237
Statistical Analysis of fMRI Data......Page 238
CASE 18.4 ANSWERS......Page 239
CASE 18.5 ANSWER......Page 241
CASE 18.6 ANSWER......Page 242
CASE 18.7 ANSWER......Page 243
CASE 18.8 ANSWER......Page 244
References......Page 245
19 - Basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Safety
......Page 247
Static Magnetic Field......Page 248
Indirect Effects of the Static Magnetic Field......Page 249
Magnetic Materials......Page 250
Quenching......Page 251
Radiofrequency Field......Page 252
ANSWERS: SPECIFIC ENERGY ABSORPTION RATE......Page 254
Implants and MRI......Page 255
CASE 19.3 ANSWERS......Page 256
Tattoos and Permanent Makeup......Page 257
References......Page 258
C......Page 259
G......Page 260
M......Page 261
P......Page 262
T......Page 263
Z......Page 264
IBC......Page 267
