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Doppler Echocardiography for the Small Animal Practitioner

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Doppler Echocardiography for the Small Animal Practitioner

Practical guide to using color flow and spectral Doppler in interpreting echocardiographic findings in veterinary practice

Doppler Echocardiography for the Small Animal Practitioner provides a clinically oriented quick reference to using color flow and spectral Doppler to interpret echocardiographic findings, enabling readers to learn and apply these techniques and acquire background knowledge of technical factors affecting diagnostic color and spectral Doppler. Practically, the text also serves as a quick checklist for the Doppler features of commonly acquired cardiac diseases in the dog and cat. To aid in reader comprehension, the text contains color images and video clips to support the descriptions.

This handbook is not intended as a comprehensive explanation of the echocardiographic features associated with heart disease in animals. Rather, it is intended as the next step for the general practitioner and the non-cardiac specialist that have learned to acquire diagnostic 2D and M-Mode echocardiographic studies.

Written by a highly experienced professionals with nearly 40 years of experience in the field of veterinary echocardiography, sample topics covered in Doppler Echocardiography for the Small Animal Practitioner include:

  • Doppler principles as they apply to accuracy and evaluation of the color flow and spectral Doppler examination
  • Imaging planes required for accurate evaluation of flows in the heart and an explanation of and application of Doppler pressure gradients
  • Interpretation of color flow signals and common Doppler features of the most frequently acquired heart diseases in dogs and cats
  • Specific intricacies of the field, including isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and imaging planes techniques of the mitral valve and aorta

Doppler Echocardiography for the Small Animal Practitioner is a highly valuable resource and practical guide for all professionals in the field who have learned to acquire diagnostic 2D and M-Mode echocardiographic studies and now need to understand how to learn and apply these techniques in a myriad of practical applications.

Related Titles

Two-Dimensional and M-Mode Echocardiography for the Small Animal Practitioner
Second Edition
By June Boon
9781119028536

Life-Threatening Cardiac Emergencies for the Small Animal Practitioner
By Maureen McMichael and Ryan Fries
9781119042075

Cardiology for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses
By H. Edward Durham
9780813813530

Author(s): June A. Boon
Series: Rapid Reference
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2022

Language: English
Pages: 128
City: Hoboken

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
About the Companion Website
Chapter 1 The Basics: What You Need to Know
Doppler Principles as They Apply to Accuracy and Quality of the Exam
Doppler shift
Types of Doppler
Advantages and disadvantages of each type of Doppler
The spectral display
The color display
Nyquist limit and aliasing
Accuracy of spectral flow information
Optimizing Doppler Displays
Color flow
Spectral Doppler
Laminar and Turbulent Flow
Normal laminar flow
Turbulent flow
Causes of spectral broadening
Chapter 2 The Doppler Examination
Spectral Doppler
Normal spectral flows in the heart
Mitral valve
Aorta and LVOT
Pulmonary artery and RVOT
Left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT)
Pulmonary venous flow
Left auricular flow
Color Flow Doppler
Normal color flow in the heart
Mitral valve
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Tricuspid valve
Chapter 3 Applications
Pressure Gradients (PGs)
PG meaning
Normal pressures in the heart and vessels
Bernoulli equation
Modified equation
How can blood flow when pressures in the ventricles and great vessels are the same?
Factors Affecting Flow Velocities
Volume
Narrowed pathway
Pressure
Limitations of the simplified Bernoulli equation
Common Applications of PG in Acquired Heart Disease
Using mitral regurgitation
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Pulmonary hypertension
Diastolic Function and Doppler
Definitions
Classes of diastolic dysfunction
Overview of diastolic function
Chapter 4 Doppler Features in Common Acquired Cardiac Diseases
Chronic Valve Disease
2D and M-mode features
Color flow evaluation
Spectral Doppler
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
2D and M-mode features
Color flow evaluation
Spectral Doppler
Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
2D and M-mode features
Color flow evaluation
Spectral Doppler
Diastolic function
Dynamic Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction (DRVOTO)
2D and M-mode features
Color flow evaluation
Spectral Doppler
Nonspecific Cardiomyopathy
2D and M-mode features
These result in diminishing systolic function
Color flow evaluation
Spectral Doppler
Pulmonary Hypertension
2D and M-mode features
Color flow evaluation
Spectral Doppler
Appendix 1 Spectral Doppler Reference Ranges for the Dog and Cat
Appendix 2 Abbreviations
Recommended Reading
Index
EULA