The book covers advances in conversion of biomass and derivatives into useful chemicals and fuels. It describes our recent researches relating to the hydrogenation of biomass derivatives by diverse hydrogen sources such as water, isopropanol, gaseous hydrogen and NaBH4 as well as their interesting mechanism aspects. A wide range of biomass derivatives and some novel hydrogenation processes are involved in this book. Development strategies and challenges in future research are also discussed. This book will help readers to expand their knowledge of biomass and its derivatives conversion.
Author(s): Zhibao Huo
Publisher: Springer
Year: 2023
Language: English
Pages: 205
City: Singapore
Preface
Contents
About the Author
Part I Gaseous Hydrogen as Hydrogen Source
1 Selective Hydrogenation of Levulinate Esters to 1,4-Pentanediol Using a Ternary Skeletal CuAlZn Catalyst
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Experimental
1.2.1 Experimental Materials
1.2.2 Catalyst Preparation and Characterization
1.2.3 Typical Experiment and Product Analysis
1.3 Results and Discussion
1.4 Conclusions
References
Part II Isopropanol as Hydrogen Source
2 Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Levulinate Ester into γ-Valerolactone Over Ternary Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalyst
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Experimental
2.2.1 Experimental Materials
2.2.2 Catalyst Preparation
2.2.3 Catalyst Characterization
2.2.4 Typical Experiment and Product Analysis
2.3 Results and Discussion
2.3.1 Catalysts Characterization
2.3.2 Catalytic Activity of Various Catalysts for the EL Conversion
2.3.3 The Effect of the Various Parameters
2.3.4 Reusability of the CZA-3 Catalyst
2.3.5 Scopes of H-Donors and Raw Materials
2.3.6 The Proposed Mechanism of CTH Reaction of EL Over CZA-3
2.4 Conclusions
References
3 Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Ethyl Levulinate into γ-Valerolactone Over Air-Stable Skeletal Cobalt Catalyst
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Experimental
3.2.1 Materials
3.2.2 Pretreated Process for SCo
3.2.3 Catalyst Characterization
3.2.4 Experimental Procedures
3.3 Results and Discussion
3.3.1 Characterizations of Fresh-SCo, V-SCo, A-SCo and S-SCo
3.3.2 Catalysts Performance for the EL Conversion
3.3.3 The Effect of Various Parameters
3.4 The Availability of Air-Pretreated Process and the Stability of SCo Catalytic Activity
3.5 The Mechanism of EL CTH Process Over A-SCo
3.6 Conclusions
References
4 Boosting In-Situ Hydrodeoxygenation of Fatty Acids Over a Fine and Oxygen-Vacancy-Rich NiAl Catalyst
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and Methods
4.2.1 Experimental Materials
4.2.2 Catalyst Preparation
4.2.3 Typical Experiment and Product Analysis
4.2.4 Density Functional Theory Calculations
4.3 Results and Discussion
4.3.1 Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterizations
4.4 Conclusions
References
Part III Water as Hydrogen Source
5 Chemoselective Synthesis of Propionic Acid from Biomass and Lactic Acid Over a Cobalt Catalyst in Aqueous Media
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.2.1 Materials
5.2.2 Experimental Procedure
5.2.3 Products Analysis
5.3 Results and Discussion
5.3.1 Catalyst Screening
5.3.2 Effect of Reductant on the Yield of PA
5.3.3 Influence of Parameters on the Conversion of LA
5.3.4 Recyclability of Co Catalyst
5.3.5 Role of in Situ ZnO
5.3.6 Scope of Biomass Carbohydrates for PA Production
5.4 Conclusions
References
6 A Novel Approach for 1,2-Propylene Glycol Production from Biomass-Derived Lactic Acid
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Material and Methods
6.2.1 General Information
6.2.2 Product Analysis
6.2.3 Experimental Procedure for the Synthesis of 1,2-Propylene Glycol from Lactic Acid
6.3 Results and Discussion
6.3.1 Catalyst Screening
6.3.2 Optimization of Reductants
6.3.3 Effect of Various Parameters
6.3.4 Investigation of Gases Hydrogen
6.4 Mechanism
6.5 Conclusions
References
7 Catalytic Conversion of Ethyl Lactate to 1,2-Propanediol Over CuO
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Experimental
7.2.1 Experimental Materials
7.2.2 Experimental Procedure
7.2.3 Product Analysis
7.3 Results and Discussion
7.3.1 Catalyst Screening
7.3.2 The Optimization of the Various Parameters
7.3.3 The Formation of 1,2-PDO from Ethyl Lactate Using Gaseous Hydrogen
7.3.4 Mechanistic Studies
7.4 Conclusions
References
8 Highly Selective Hydrothermal Production of Cyclohexanol from Biomass-Derived Cyclohexanone Over Cu Powder
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Experimental
8.2.1 Experimental Materials
8.2.2 Experimental Procedure
8.2.3 Product Analysis
8.3 Results and Discussion
8.3.1 Catalyst Screening
8.3.2 Optimization of Active Metals
8.3.3 Effects of the Various Parameters
8.3.4 Cyclohexanone Hydrogenation by Added Hydrogen
8.3.5 Plausible Mechanism
8.4 Conclusions
References
9 Efficient Conversion of Dimethyl Phthalate to Phthalide Over CuO in Aqueous Media
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Experimental
9.2.1 Experimental Materials
9.2.2 Experimental Procedure
9.2.3 Product Analysis
9.3 Results and Discussion
9.3.1 Catalyst Screening
9.3.2 Effect of the Reductants
9.3.3 Effect of Other Parameters
9.3.4 Investigation of Gases Hydrogen
9.4 Mechanism Study
9.5 Conclusions
References
10 Heterogeneous Cu2O-Mediated Ethylene Glycol Production from Dimethyl Oxalate
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Experimental
10.2.1 Materials and Methods
10.3 Results and Discussion
10.3.1 Metals or Metal Oxides Screening
10.3.2 Effect of Reductant
10.3.3 Effects of Water Filling, Reaction Temperature and Time
10.3.4 Investigation of Active Species
10.3.5 Recycle of Cu Formed in Situ
10.3.6 Mass Balance
10.4 Proposed Mechanism
10.5 Conclusions
References
11 Highly Efficient Conversion of Biomass-Derived Glycolide to Ethylene Glycol Over CuO in Water
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Experimental
11.2.1 General Information
11.2.2 Product Analysis
11.2.3 General Procedure for the Synthesis of Ethylene Glycol from Glycolide
11.2.4 General Procedure for the Synthesis of 1,2-Propanediol from DL-Lactide
11.3 Results and Discussion
11.4 Conclusions
References
Part IV Sodium Borohydride as Hydrogen Source
12 A Supported Ni Catalyst Produced from Ni–Al Hydrotalcite-Like Precursor for Reduction of Furfuryl Alcohol to Tetrahydrofurfuryl Alcohol by NaBH4 in Water
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Results and Discussion
12.3 Conclusions
References
